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Chapters 4 & 5 Study Guide ______ 1. silt ______ 2. irrigation ______ 3. surplus ______ 4. city-state ______ 5.polytheism ______ 6. ziggurat ______ 7. cuneiform ______ 8. scribe ______ 9. epic ______ 10. empire ______ 11. tribute ______ 12. province ______ 13. caravan ______ 14. astronomer ______ 15. cataract ______ 16. delta ______ 17. shadoof ______ 18. papyrus ______ 19. hieroglyphics ______ 20. dynasty ______ 21. theocracy ______ 22. pharaoh ______ 23. bureaucrat ______ 24. embalming ______ 25. pyramid ______ 26. incense ______ 27. envoy ______ 28. savanna ______ 29. textile 30. In Mesopotamia, floods deposited silt, which made the soil fertile 31. Which of the following groups belonged to the Sumerian middle class? merchants 32. Sumerians developed a 12-month calendar by recording the... position of planets and stars. 33. Who developed the first empire in Mesopotamia? Sargon 34. What did Assyrians often demand from the people they conquered? leaving their homes 35. The astronomers of Babylon mapped... the stars and the planets 36. What did the delta of the Nile River provide Egyptians? protection from invaders 37. Who was responsible for uniting and governing Egypt? pharaohs 38. Egyptians built pyramids because they... wanted to protect the dead pharaohs’ bodies. 39. The largest group in Egyptian society was made up of... farmers and workers. 40. What was the main focus of Queen Hatshepsut's rule? developing trade 41. How were Kushites different from the Egyptians? They produced large amounts of iron. True and False: Write out the whole word Mesopotamia means "the land between two rivers" in Greek T Mesopotamia began between the Euphrates and Nile river F The farmers in Mesopotamia did not know when the Tigris and Euphrates rivers would flood or dry out. T Mesopotamia is often referred to as "the cradle of civilization" T The Sumerians were the first people to use the wheel T The Sumerians developed the 180 degree circle F Hammurabi's code demanded "an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth" T Babylon's Hanging Gardens were once considered one of the seven wonders of the Ancient world. T The Nile is the world's second longest river F Narmer was the first King to unify Egypt T The word Pharaoh originally meant "great house" T Osiris was the god of the afterlife in Egypt T Two important gods in Egypt were Re and Hapi T Pyramids were used for storing grains in case of a famine F People in Egypt could not move up in social classes even if they worked hard F Egypt's history is broken into the Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom T Ramses II was the most successful of all the Pharaohs T King Tut became the youngest Pharaoh at the age of 19 F Queen Hatshepsut was one of the few women to rule Egypt T Diagram: Using a Venn Diagram, Compare and Contrast the following: Compare and Contrast the influences of the Nile River in Egypt with the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in Mesopotamia Compare and Contrast the Sumerian and Egyptian Civilizati