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Download Lesson 4- Amusement Parks
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Unit Title / Amusement Parks Lesson 4 Introduction: While adding to their vocabulary list, students will be shown visuals and examples of how force works. Homework will be handed out at the end of the class. Time Required: Two Class Periods Materials: Visual 1 – The teacher would need an overhead transparency of pictures showing pushes and pulls. This could be borrowed from P. F 35 in Science Anytime: Teachers Guide / Grade 5 Published by Harcourt Brace. Visual 2 – An overhead with the following questions: What is force? A force can start an object moving, change the direction and the rate of its motion, or change the shape of the object. A force is either a push or Pull Are there different kinds of forces? Yes. Some examples include balanced, unbalanced, and applied. What does balanced force mean? Balanced forces are equal forces that are applied in opposite directions and result in no change of velocity. What does unbalanced force mean? An unbalanced force is a force that is not equal or opposite and results in no change in velocity. What is gravity? Gravity is force that acts upon earth. It pushes items in a downward motion so that we don’t fall off the earth. Visual 3 – Mass vs. Weight / Who would win? Why? Visual 4 – This is an overhead that lists all the definitions of the above terms. Handout 1 – Science journal page Handout 2 – Worksheet for class (time allowing) or homework asking for children to explain how he/she used every one of these types of forces at some point during the day at school. Tell me your thoughts on mass vs. Weight. How are they connected? How are they different? Objective: 1) The purpose is to identify force, applied force, balanced force, unbalanced force, mass, and weight. Procedure: 1) Review one last time with the children the important terms from the lesson. Assign the homework for the students which is to find one relative example other than the two used in class that has potential, mechanical, and kinetic energy. Potential energy is where on this diagram (put up diagram of roller costar)? What does potential energy mean? Potential energy is the energy stored in an object. Where would we find kinetic energy? When a roller coaster descends, it has kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is the mechanical energy of a moving object. How would we find mechanical energy? We would locate mechanical energy in a moving roller coaster. Where is that located on the diagram? 2) At this point, quickly slide in the definition of elastic potential energy for the students to see. How is potential energy different from elastic potential energy? Potential energy is the energy that is stored in an object because of its position: elastic potential energy is the energy that comes from an object that has been stretched, compressed, or bent and is released when the object is returning to its original shape. What characteristics do objects display that have elastic potential energy? Such objects usually have the ability to compress, stretch, and/or bend. 1) Go over concepts from Visual 6. Have students write the definitions on their science sheet. This is an extra so if the lesson does not make here, do not be worried. What is gravitational potential energy? An object that has the ability to fall. What is elastic potential energy? Elastic potential energy is the energy that comes from an object that has been stretched, compressed, or bent and is released when the object is returning to its original shape. How can you compare these things? Both are forms of potential energy that can be converted to kinetic energy. Gravitational potential energy is the energy that an object has because of the pull of gravity on it. Elastic potentials energy is the energy that is stored in an object through compression, stretching, or bending. Does a ball that is placed at the top of the stairs have gravitational potential energy? Yes. 2) Show kids Visual 1. Ask the kids the following questions. What does force mean? A force can start an object moving, change the direction and the rate of its motion, or change the shape of the object. A force is either a push or Pull Who or what is applying a force? The horses are pulling the wagon, the football player is making a tackle, and the cue ball is hitting the billiard balls. How is the force being applied? Force is applied either by a push or a pull. Which picture has the greatest force? The picture with the greatest force is the horses pulling the wagon. The football player making the tackle is the next strongest. Finally, the cue ball hitting the billiard balls. 3) Before allowing students a chance to answer, show them the definitions of their options on visual 4. Ask them to give you three different examples than the ones in the pictures of force in their every day lives. 4) What is gravity? Gravity is force that acts upon earth. It pushes items in a downward motion so that we don’t fall off the earth. 5) Mass vs. Weight Divide class into four teams (two mass teams and two weight teams). The teams will have ten minutes to prepare for a debate with an opposite group concerning why they are more important. At the end of ten minutes, the debate will start between a mass group and a weight group. Which is more important? Why? 6) Debate occurs. Closure 1) Review the concepts, terms, and give the homework assignment. Students will receive handout # 2. Is gravity a force? Yes. Why? By definition, a force supplies energy to an object in a form of a push or a pull and influences the movement of that object; gravity also has the ability to influence or accelerate the movement of an object, so it is a force. How is the force of gravity acting on an object related to the mass of that object? The force of gravity varies according to mass. The force of gravity increases as the mass of an object increases. How is the force of gravity between two objects related to the distance between those objects? The force of gravity varies according to distance. The force of gravity increases as distances between objects decrease. Are mass and weight the same thing? Explain. They are related, but different. Weight is a measure of the force of gravity acting on an object, while, mass is the measure of the amount of matter in an object.