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Name ________________________________________ Unit 4: The Nation Tested 1. Base your answer to this question on the poster below and on your knowledge of social studies. Prior to the Civil War, abolitionists reacted to the situation described in the poster by 1. 2. 3. 4. 2. supporting the Underground Railroad opposing the Emancipation Proclamation banning freed slaves from Northern states proposing a stricter fugitive slave law Constitutional amendments adopted during Reconstruction were intended to 1. 2. 3. 4. provide legal and political rights for African Americans end property and religious qualifications for voting correct problems with the electoral college system limit the number of terms of the president 3. Base your answer to the question on the cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies. What is the main idea of this cartoon from the Reconstruction Era? 1. 2. 3. 4. 4. Southern society was oppressed by Radical Republican policies. Military force was necessary to stop Southern secession. United States soldiers forced women in the South to work in factories. Sharecropping was an economic burden for women after the Civil War. Which heading best completes the partial outline below? I. ___________________________________________ A. Suspension of habeas corpus B. Signing of Emancipation Proclamation C. Election of President Lincoln to second term 1. 2. 3. 4. Wartime Propaganda Campaigns Limits on Civil Liberties During Wartime Decreased Rights of Minorities Events During the Civil War 5. The Reconstruction plans of President Abraham Lincoln and President Andrew Johnson included a provision for the 1. 2. 3. 4. 6. What effect did the system of sharecropping have on the South after the Civil War? 1. 2. 3. 4. 7. resumption of full participation in Congress by Southern States long-term military occupation of the Confederacy payment of war reparations by Southern States harsh punishment of former Confederate officials It kept formerly enslaved persons economically dependent. It brought investment capital to the South. It encouraged Northerners to migrate south. It provided for a fairer distribution of farm profits. Base your answer to the question on the graphs and on your knowledge of social studies. The data shown in the graphs best support the conclusion that the North 1. 2. 3. 4. was better prepared economically to fight the Civil War lagged behind the South in bank deposits produced more agricultural products than the South lacked several important resources to fight the war 8. One way that "Bleeding Kansas," the Dred Scott decision, and John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry had a similar effect on the United States was that these events 1. 2. 3. 4. 9. ended conflict over slavery in the territories eased tensions between the North and the South contributed to the formation of the Whig Party made sectional compromise more difficult Which situation was the most immediate result of Abraham Lincoln’s election to the presidency in 1860? 1. 2. 3. 4. 10. Kansas and Nebraska joined the Union as free states. A constitutional amendment was adopted to end slavery. Missouri entered the Union as a slave state. Several Southern States seceded from the Union. Base your answer to this question on the map below and on your knowledge of social studies. What is the most accurate title for this map? 1. 2. 3. 4. Closing the Frontier Results of Reconstruction A Nation Divided Compromise of 1850 11. Base your answer on the poster below and on your knowledge of social studies. This poster from the 1850s appeared in response to the 1. 2. 3. 4. 12. passage of the fugitive slave law start of the Civil War issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation enactment of the 13th Amendment Which term refers to the idea that settlers had the right to decide whether slavery would be legal in their territory? 1. 2. 3. 4. nullification sectionalism popular sovereignty southern secession 13. Base your answer on the map below and on your knowledge of social studies. The election results shown on this map most clearly reflect the influence of 1. 2. 3. 4. 14. The Civil War affected the northern economy by 1. 2. 3. 4. 15. nationalist motives sectional differences political stability ethnic conflicts causing a severe depression increasing unemployment rates decreasing demand for agricultural products stimulating industrialization Both the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and the Compromise of 1850 settled conflicts between the North and the South over 1. 2. 3. 4. admission of states to the Union Supreme Court decisions presidential election results voting rights 16. In the Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas- Nebraska Act of 1854, popular sovereignty was proposed as a way to 1. 2. 3. 4. 17. What was a result of the disputed presidential election of 1876? 1. 2. 3. 4. 18. allow northern states the power to ban slavery deny southern states the legal right to own slaves allow settlers in new territories to vote on the issue of slavery overturn previous Supreme Court decisions on slavery Reconstruction ended as federal troops were removed from the South. Slavery was reestablished in the South by state legislatures. New state laws were passed in the South to guarantee equal rights for African Americans. A constitutional amendment was adopted to correct problems with the electoral college system. Base your answer to this question on the quotation below and on your knowledge of social studies. . . . With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation’s wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations. — Abraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural Address, March 4, 1865 This statement reveals President Lincoln’s support for 1. 2. 3. 4. 19. a new peace treaty with Great Britain universal male suffrage a fair and generous peace harsh punishment for Confederate leaders The institution of slavery was formally abolished in the United States by the 1. 2. 3. 4. Compromise of 1850 Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 creation of the Freedmen’s Bureau in 1865 ratification of the 13th amendment in 1865 20. What was the primary goal of President Abraham Lincoln’s post–Civil War policy? 1. 2. 3. 4. 21. During the first half of the 19th century, territorial expansion led to 1. 2. 3. 4. 22. increased tensions over slavery improved relations with bordering nations fewer conflicts with Native American Indians decreased domestic demand for manufactured goods The Radical Republicans in Congress opposed President Abraham Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction because Lincoln 1. 2. 3. 4. 23. establishing military districts in the South extending land ownership to African American men restoring Southern representation in Congress arresting military leaders of the Confederacy called for the imprisonment of most Confederate leaders rejected the idea of harsh punishments for the South planned to keep Northern troops in the South after the war demanded immediate civil and political rights for formerly enslaved persons “. . . Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable!” — Daniel Webster, 1830 The principle expressed in this statement was also reflected in 1. 2. 3. 4. 24. Thomas Jefferson’s call for nullification of the Alien and Sedition Acts Federalist Party threats during the War of 1812 John Calhoun’s defense of States rights Abraham Lincoln’s attitude toward Southern secession From 1820 to 1865, the debates over nullification, protective tariffs, and the spread of slavery into the new territories concerned the constitutional issue of the 1. 2. 3. 4. balance of power between the federal and state governments balance between the rights of individuals and the need to maintain order protection of the rights of ethnic and racial groups separation of power between the executive and legislative branches 25. The right of habeas corpus establishes the principle that 1. 2. 3. 4. 26. What was a major result of the Civil War? 1. 2. 3. 4. 27. people accused of a crime have a right to a lawyer all punishments for crimes should be reasonable a person should not be forced to be a witness against himself no person should be held in custody unless charged with a crime The judiciary became the dominant branch of the federal government. Congress passed an amendment to provide for the direct election of senators. The power of the central government was strengthened. States were given the right to secede from the Union. As the Civil War began, President Abraham Lincoln stated that his primary goal was to 1. 2. 3. 4. end slavery set new national boundaries increase congressional powers preserve the Union 28. Base your answer to the question on the cartoon in question 3 and on your knowledge of social studies. Which congressional action led to the Southern viewpoint expressed in this cartoon? 1. 2. 3. 4. 29. passage of the Homestead Act strengthening of the Fugitive Slave Laws military occupation of the former Confederate States ending the Freedmen’s Bureau “Missouri Compromise Allows Two New States Into the Union” “Congress Agrees to Compromise of 1850” “Popular Sovereignty Adopted Under Kansas- Nebraska Act” Which issue is reflected in these headlines? 1. 2. 3. 4. status of slavery in the territories and states growth of agriculture on the Great Plains clash of federal and state powers conflicts with foreign nations over the West 30. “Uncle Tom’s Cabin Stirs Controversy” “Kansas Rocked by Bloody Conflict” “John Brown’s Raid Angers South” Which statement about the United States in the 1850s is best supported by these headlines? 1. 2. 3. 4. 31. The nation had grown increasingly divided over the future of slavery. Americans had lost confidence in the plan for Reconstruction. Northern and Southern voters were united in support of popular sovereignty. Support for the abolitionist movement decreased during this period. "A house divided against itself cannot stand. . . . I do not expect the Union to be dissolved; I do not expect the house to fall; but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing, or all the other. . . ." -- Abraham Lincoln, 1858 The "divided house" referred to in this speech was caused primarily by 1. 2. 3. 4. 32. The most direct effect of poll taxes and literacy tests on African Americans was to 1. 2. 3. 4. 33. prevent them from voting limit their access to public facilities block their educational opportunities deny them economic advancements The Supreme Court decision in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) was significant because it 1. 2. 3. 4. 34. expansionism war with Mexico slavery the suffrage movement allowed slavery in California outlawed slavery in the Southern States upheld the actions of the Underground Railroad ruled that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories Following the Civil War, many Southern states enacted Black Codes to 1. 2. 3. 4. provide free farmland for African Americans guarantee equal civil rights for African Americans restrict the rights of formerly enslaved persons support the creation of the Freedmen’s Bureau 35. During the Reconstruction Era (1865–1877), the 15th amendment was adopted to grant African Americans 1. 2. 3. 4. 36. In the 1850s, the phrase “Bleeding Kansas” was used to describe clashes between 1. 2. 3. 4. 37. They feared being drafted into the Northern army. The Fugitive Slave Act kept them at risk in the United States. More factory jobs were available in Canada. Northern abolitionists refused to help fugitive slaves. Jim Crow laws passed in the South during the late 1800s were designed to 1. 2. 3. 4. 40. Slavery was banned west of the Mississippi River. Unorganized territories would be governed by the United States and Great Britain. The balance between free and slave states was maintained. The 36°30' line formed a new boundary between the United States and Canada. In the 1850s, why did many runaway slaves go to Canada? 1. 2. 3. 4. 39. proslavery and antislavery groups Spanish landowners and new American settlers Chinese and Irish railroad workers Native American Indians and white settlers Which statement about the Missouri Compromise (1820) is most accurate? 1. 2. 3. 4. 38. educational opportunities economic equality freedom of speech voting rights support civil rights for African Americans create a system of legal segregation give free land to formerly enslaved persons compensate landowners for damage done during the Civil War What was a common purpose of the three amendments added to the United States Constitution between 1865 and 1870? 1. 2. 3. 4. extending suffrage to Southern women reforming the sharecropping system granting rights to African Americans protecting rights of Southerners accused of treason 41. The North’s rapid economic growth during the Civil War was stimulated by 1. 2. 3. 4. 42. Before the former Confederate states could be readmitted to the Union, the congressional plan for Reconstruction required them to 1. 2. 3. 4. 43. the elimination of taxes on defense industries a reduction in the number of immigrants increased government demand for many products enslaved persons filling industrial jobs ratify the 14th amendment imprison all former Confederate soldiers provide 40 acres of land to all freedmen help rebuild Northern industries “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude... .” — 15th Amendment, Section 1, United States Constitution, 1870 Which actions did Southern States take to keep African Americans from exercising the rights guaranteed in this amendment? 1. 2. 3. 4. suspending habeas corpus and denying women the right to vote collecting poll taxes and requiring literacy tests establishing religious and property-holding requirements for voting passing Black Codes and establishing segregated schools 44. Base your answer to the question on the table and on your knowledge of social studies. Which statement is best supported by the data in the table? 1. The Confederate troops lost the Civil War as a result of their higher numbers of injuries and fatalities. 2. The Union army had better generals during the Civil War. 3. The Civil War had more casualties than any other war. 4. More soldiers died from disease than from wounds. 3042722 False 0 0 1