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The Periodic Table
Chapter 27
Dmitri Mendeleev
• The Russian chemist
Mendeleev came up with
the idea of the periodic
table of elements.
• His idea brought order to
the properties of
elements.
The Periodic table.
• The periodic table is an arrangement of
elements in order of increasing atomic
number.
• The Atomic number is the number of
protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Groups
• Elements that behave in a similar way are
arranged in vertical columns called groups.
• A group is a vertical column of elements
that all have the same number of electrons
in the outer shell.
• All elements in a group behave in a similar
manner chemically.
Group 1- Alkali Metals
• Examples- Alkali metals
Lithium, Sodium,
Potassium.(Li, Na, K.)
• Each element has 1 electron
in its outer shell.
• The elements have similar
chemical properties.
Group 2 Alkali Earth metals
• Group 2 – Alkali Earth
metals. Be Mg Ca.
• Each element has 2
electrons in its outer shell.
Group 7 – Halogens
• Group 7 – Halogens
• Fluorine, Chlorine,
Bromine.(Fl, Cl, Br)
• Each element has 7
electrons in its outer
shell.
Group 8-Nobel Gases
• All the elements in group
8(except Helium) have 8
electrons in their outer
shell.
• This makes them stable
and un-reactive.
The Periodic Table
Periods
• The horizontal rows of elements are called
Periods
• The period tells the number of shells in the
atom of an element
• The 1st period has 2 elements H and He.
• The 2nd period goes from Li to Ne.
• The 3rd period goes from Na to Ar.
Metals and Non-metals
The elements of the
periodic table can be
divided into metals
and non-metals.
Common Metals
include:
Copper(Cu)
Zinc(Zn)
Iron(Fe)
Silver(Ag)
Gold(Au)