Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
CHAPTER 4 The Structure of the Atom Name: Date: Use the diagram below to answer question 1. + + + + 92 p + + proton (p) + neutron (n) 146 n + + + + uranium-238 nucleus daughter (parent nucleus) nucleus ++ Use the chart below to answer questions 3 and 4. 2p 2n Element Atomic Isotope # helium-4 nucleus (alpha particle) hydrogen hydrogen-1 hydrogen-2 1.01 amu 2.01 amu 99.985 0.015 6 carbon-12 carbon-13 carbon-14 12.00 amu 13.00 amu 14.00 amu 98.90 1.09 0.01 8 oxygen-16 oxygen-17 oxygen-18 15.99 amu 17.00 amu 18.00 amu 98.90 0.038 0.200 copper-63 copper-65 62.94 amu 64.93 amu 69.17 30.83 1 carbon Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 1 The diagram above illustrates a nuclear reaction in which uranium-238 emits an alpha particle. How many protons and neutrons will the daughter nucleus have? A 90 p and 144 n B 92 p and 142 n C 92 p and 150 n D 94 p and 148 n oxygen copper 29 3 This question covers NSCS B1. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on page 106. 2 In his latest dig, Dr. Butrell found an abundance of lead (Pb) in some ancient artifacts. What is the atomic number of Pb? A 80 B 81 C 82 D 83 This question covers NSCS B1 and G2. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on page 105. % Atomic mass of isotope abundance The chart shows isotopes of some common elements. Which property is used to name the isotopes? A Atomic number B Atomic mass C Mass number D Percent natural occurrence This question covers NSCS B1. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on page 100. 4 The atomic mass of an element is the weighted average mass of the isotopes of that element. Based on this definition, which of these does NOT show the correct atomic mass for an element? A Hydrogen: 1.008 amu B Carbon: 12.011 amu C Oxygen: 15.999 amu D Copper: 63.017 amu This question covers NSCS B1. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on page 104. Reviewing Chemistry Chemistry: Matter and Change 7 CHAPTER 4 The Structure of the Atom, continued Name: Date: Use the diagram below to answer question 5. Use the diagram below to answer question 7. rays alpha particle + —nucleus of gold atom paths of alpha particles + + rays rays + - + + 5 The diagram above shows the results of Rutherford’s experiment in which he used a radioactive source to “shoot” alpha particles at a thin sheet of gold foil. Based on these results, what were Rutherford’s conclusions? Atoms are solid matter with positive and negative charges scattered throughout. B Atoms are solid, positively charged matter with negatively charged electrons scattered throughout. C 7 Atoms are mostly empty space with small, dense, positively charged centers. D Atoms are mostly empty space with small, dense, negatively charged centers. This question covers NSCS A2 and B1. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on page 95. 6 The cathode ray tube is a key component of which of the following revolutionary inventions? A Automobile B Fax machine C Television D Photocopier This question covers NSCS E1 and E2. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on pages 92–93. 8 Chemistry: Matter and Change radioactive substance The diagram above shows how alpha, beta, and gamma rays are affected by two electrically charged plates. Based on the paths the rays follow, what are the respective charges of alpha, beta, and gamma rays? A negative, positive, none B positive, negative, none C negative, none, positive D positive, none, negative This question covers NSCS B1. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on page 106. 8 In the fourth century BC, Greek scholars rejected Democritus’s ideas about the atom. This rejection was most likely based on — A experimentation B government legislation C religious beliefs D the popularity of Aristotle’s ideas on nature This question covers NSCS B1 and G2. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on page 89. Reviewing Chemistry Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. A lead shield CHAPTER 4 The Structure of the Atom Name: Date: Use the diagram below to answer question 1. + + + + 92 p + + proton (p) + neutron (n) 146 n + + + + uranium-238 nucleus daughter (parent nucleus) nucleus ++ Use the chart below to answer questions 3 and 4. 2p 2n Element Atomic Isotope # helium-4 nucleus (alpha particle) hydrogen hydrogen-1 hydrogen-2 1.01 amu 2.01 amu 99.985 0.015 6 carbon-12 carbon-13 carbon-14 12.00 amu 13.00 amu 14.00 amu 98.90 1.09 0.01 8 oxygen-16 oxygen-17 oxygen-18 15.99 amu 17.00 amu 18.00 amu 98.90 0.038 0.200 copper-63 copper-65 62.94 amu 64.93 amu 69.17 30.83 1 carbon Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 1 The diagram above illustrates a nuclear reaction in which uranium-238 emits an alpha particle. How many protons and neutrons will the daughter nucleus have? A 90 p and 144 n B 92 p and 142 n C 92 p and 150 n D 94 p and 148 n oxygen copper 29 3 This question covers NSCS B1. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on page 106. 2 In his latest dig, Dr. Butrell found an abundance of lead (Pb) in some ancient artifacts. What is the atomic number of Pb? A 80 B 81 C 82 D 83 This question covers NSCS B1 and G2. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on page 105. % Atomic mass of isotope abundance The chart shows isotopes of some common elements. Which property is used to name the isotopes? A Atomic number B Atomic mass C Mass number D Percent natural occurrence This question covers NSCS B1. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on page 100. 4 The atomic mass of an element is the weighted average mass of the isotopes of that element. Based on this definition, which of these does NOT show the correct atomic mass for an element? A Hydrogen: 1.008 amu B Carbon: 12.011 amu C Oxygen: 15.999 amu D Copper: 63.017 amu This question covers NSCS B1. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on page 104. Reviewing Chemistry Chemistry: Matter and Change 7 CHAPTER 4 The Structure of the Atom, continued Name: Date: Use the diagram below to answer question 5. Use the diagram below to answer question 7. rays alpha particle + —nucleus of gold atom paths of alpha particles + + rays rays + - + + 5 The diagram above shows the results of Rutherford’s experiment in which he used a radioactive source to “shoot” alpha particles at a thin sheet of gold foil. Based on these results, what were Rutherford’s conclusions? Atoms are solid matter with positive and negative charges scattered throughout. B Atoms are solid, positively charged matter with negatively charged electrons scattered throughout. C 7 Atoms are mostly empty space with small, dense, positively charged centers. D Atoms are mostly empty space with small, dense, negatively charged centers. This question covers NSCS A2 and B1. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on page 95. 6 The cathode ray tube is a key component of which of the following revolutionary inventions? A Automobile B Fax machine C Television D Photocopier This question covers NSCS E1 and E2. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on pages 92–93. 8 Chemistry: Matter and Change radioactive substance The diagram above shows how alpha, beta, and gamma rays are affected by two electrically charged plates. Based on the paths the rays follow, what are the respective charges of alpha, beta, and gamma rays? A negative, positive, none B positive, negative, none C negative, none, positive D positive, none, negative This question covers NSCS B1. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on page 106. 8 In the fourth century BC, Greek scholars rejected Democritus’s ideas about the atom. This rejection was most likely based on — A experimentation B government legislation C religious beliefs D the popularity of Aristotle’s ideas on nature This question covers NSCS B1 and G2. This question tests the material that was covered in the textbook on page 89. Reviewing Chemistry Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. A lead shield