Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Kinesiology of Exercise Glossary A ABDUCTION. To move or draw away from the axis of the body or from one of its parts. ACROMIUM. The outer upper point of the shoulder blade, or scapula. ADDUCTION. To move or draw toward the axis of the body or one of its parts. ANKLE JOINT EXTENSION. Moving the toes (foot) away from the body. Also called plantar flexion. ANKLE JOINT FLEXION. Moving the toes (foot) towards the shin. Also called dorsi flexion. F FASCIA. A thin layer of connective tissue connecting the muscles of the body. FEMUR. The large bone in the thigh extending from the hip to the knee. FIBULA. The slender bone in the calf extending from the knee to the foot. FLEXION. The bending of a joint or limb by contraction of flexor muscles. FLEXORS. Muscles that bend joints and pull limbs toward the body. FOSSA. Cavity. FRONTAL PLANE OF MOVEMENT. Plane that lies vertically and divides the body into anterior and posterior parts. FRONTAL AXIS OF MOVEMENT. Axis that is formed by the intersection of the frontal and transverse planes C CARPI. The wrist or wrist bones. CALCANEUS. Heel bone. CERVIX. The back of the neck. CLAVICLE. Collar bone. COCCYX. A small triangular bone at the end of the vertebral column. COMPOUND EXERCISE. A multi-joint exercise. CONDYLE. A rounded process at the end of a bone, forming a ball-and-socket joint with the hollow part of another bone. CONTRACTION. The shortening or thickening of a muscle fiber (a muscle in action). CORACOID. Designating a rudimentary bony process on the shoulder blade. G GLENOID CAVITY. The cavity on the head of the scapula which, together with the head of the humerus, forms the shoulder joint. D DISTAL RADIO-ULNAR JOINT. A radio-ulnar joint at the wrist that is a pivot joint between the head of the ulna and the ulna notch of the radius. DORSI. On or along the back. E ELBOW JOINT EXTENSION. Moving the forearm away from upper arm in an arm-straightening action. ELBOW JOINT FLEXION. Moving the forearm toward the upper arm or vice versa. EXTENSORS. Muscles that straighten joints or some part of the body. H HIP JOINT EXTENSION. Moving the leg down and back to the anatomical straight-line position from a hip-flexed position. HIP JOINT FLEXION. Moving the thigh forward at the hip. HIP JOINT ABDUCTION. Moving one leg from the midline of the body out towards the side of the body . HIP JOINT ADDUCTION. Moving one leg toward the other leg (toward the mid-line of the body) from an out-tothe-sides position. HIP JOINT LATERAL ROTATION. Rotation of the femur outward (away from the other leg). HIP JOINT MEDIAL ROTATION. Rotation of the femur inward (toward the other leg). HUMERUS. The bone extending from the shoulder to the elbow. HYPEREXTENSION. Extension beyond the anatomical straight line position of a joint. I ILIUM. One of the bones in the pelvic girdle. INGUINAL. The groin. Copyright © 2016 KinX Learning Inc. All Rights Reserved. Page 1 Kinesiology of Exercise Glossary K KNEE JOINT EXTENSION. Moving the shin away from the back of the thigh or vice versa. KNEE JOINT FLEXION. Moving the back of the shin towards the back of the thigh or vice versa. L LINEA ALBA. The tendinous strip, about one inch wide, separating the right and left halves of the rectus abdominous. LORDOSIS. A slight arch. LUMBAR. The part of the back just below the thoracic region. M METACARPUS. The part of the hand consisting of the five bones between the wrist and the fingers. MIDDLE RADIO-ULNAR JOINT. A slightly movable ligamentous radio-ulnar joint at the forearm. MUSCLE INSERTION. The ends of skeletal muscles are attached to two different bones, only one of which moves when the muscle contracts. The insertion is where the muscle meets the bone that does move. MUSCLE ORIGIN. The ends of skeletal muscles are attached to two different bones, only one of which moves when the muscle contracts. The origin is where the muscle meets the bone that does not move. P PATELLA. Kneecap. PELVIS. Formation of bones supporting the spinal column and resting upon the legs. PELVIC GIRDLE. The collection of pelvic bones - the ilium, ischium, pubis, coccyx and sacrum. PLANTAR. The sole of the foot. PRONATED GRIP. A grip with the palms of the hands facing down or in. PRONATION. Rotating the forearm so that the hand is turned palm down. PRONE. Lying face downward. PROXIMAL RADIO-ULNAR JOINT. A radio-ulnar joint at the elbow that is a pivot joint between the head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulna. PUBIS. One of the bones in the pelvic girdle. R RADIAL FLEXION. Moving the thumb side of the hand away from the body when the arm is in the anatomical position, that is, when the palm faces forward. RADIO-ULNAR JOINT. A combination of the proximal (elbow), middle and distal (wrist) radio-ulnar joints. RADIUS. The shorter and thicker bone of the two bones of the forearm, on the same side as the thumb. RIB. Any of the arched bones attached to the vertebral column and inclosing the chest cavity. N NEUTRAL GRIP. A grip with the palms of the hands facing each other. Copyright © 2016 KinX Learning Inc. All Rights Reserved. Page 2 Kinesiology of Exercise Glossary S SACRUM. A large triangular bone in the pelvic girdle. SAGITAL AXIS OF MOVEMENT. Axis formed by the intersection of the sagital and transverse planes. SAGITAL PLANE OF MOVEMENT. Plane that lies vertically and divides the body into left and right parts. SCAPULA. Shoulder blade. SHOULDER GIRDLE. The clavicle and scapula. SHOULDER GIRDLE ELEVATION. Raising the shoulder girdle upward. SHOULDER GIRDLE DEPRESSION. Lowering the shoulder girdle downward. SHOULDER JOINT EXTENSION. Moving the arm down and to the rear. SHOULDER JOINT FLEXION. Moving the arm upward and in front of the body. SHOULDER JOINT ABDUCTION. Moving the arm sideward and upward away from the body. SHOULDER JOINT ADDUCTION. Moving the arm sideward and downward towards the body. SHOULDER JOINT HORIZONTAL EXTENSION. Moving the arm horizontally from the front of the body towards the side. Also called shoulder joint horizontal abduction. SHOULDER JOINT HORIZONTAL FLEXION. Moving the arm horizontally towards the front of the body. Also called shoulder joint horizontal adduction. SHOULDER JOINT HORIZONTAL ABDUCTION. Moving the arm horizontally from the front of the body towards the side. SHOULDER JOINT HORIZONTAL ADDUCTION. Moving the arm horizontally towards the front of the body. SHOULDER JOINT LATERAL ROTATION. Rotation of the humerus outward. SHOULDER JOINT MEDIAL ROTATION. Rotation of the humerus inward. SPINAL COLUMN. Backbone. SPINAL EXTENSION. Return from a position of flexion to the anatomical position of the spine. SPINAL FLEXION. Forward bending of the spine. SPINAL LATERAL FLEXION. Bending sideways to the right or left. STERNUM. Breast bone. SUPINATED GRIP. A grip with the palms of the hands facing up or out. SUPINATION. Rotating the forearm so that the hand is turned palm up. SUPINE. Lying on the back with face upward. SYMPHYSIS. The growing together of bones originally separate as in the two pubic bones. T THORAX. Rib cage. TIBIA. The large bone in the calf extending from the knee to the foot. TRANSVERSE PLANE OF MOVEMENT. Plane that lies horizontally and divides the body into top and bottom parts TRUNK. The body not including the head or limbs. TROCHANTER. A prominence or process on the upper part of the femur serving for the attachment of muscles . The greater trochanter is situated on the outer side of the femur and the lesser trochanter is situated on the inner side of the femur. TUBERCLE. A knob like elevation on the bone. U ULNA. The larger of the two bones of the forearm, on the side opposite the thumb. ULNA FLEXION. Moving the little finger side of the hand towards the body when the arm is in the anatomical position, that is, when the palm faces forward. V VERTEBRAE. A single bone or segment of the spinal column. VERTICAL AXIS OF MOVEMENT. Axis formed by the intersection of the sagital and frontal planes. W WRIST JOINT ABDUCTION. Moving the thumb side of the hand away from the body when the arm is in the anatomical position, that is, when the palm faces forward. Also called radial flexion. WRIST JOINT ADDUCTION. Moving the little finger side of the hand towards the body when the arm is in the anatomical position, that is, when the palm faces forward. Also called ulna flexion. WRIST JOINT EXTENSION. Moving the back side of the hand towards the posterior surface of the forearm. WRIST JOINT FLEXION. Moving the palm side of the hand towards the forearm. Copyright © 2016 KinX Learning Inc. All Rights Reserved. Page 3 Kinesiology of Exercise ebooks based on the work of Dr. Michael Yessis Volume 1 - The Ankle Joint Volume 2 - The Knee Joint Volume 3 - The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle Volume 4 - Combination Exercises Volume 5 - The Spine: The Abdominals Volume 6 - The Spine: Lower Back Muscles Volume 7 - The Shoulder Joint Volume 8 - The Elbow Joint Volume 9 - The Radio-Ulnar Joint Volume 10 - The Wrist Joint Volume 11 - Combined Shoulder and Arm Exercises Bonus 1 – Introduction to Biomechanics Bonus 2 – Training Factors Bonus 3 – Training Recommendations kinxlearning.com Copyright © 2016 KinX Learning Inc. All Rights Reserved