Download nFrance Italy and England

By: Jennifer Lovell, Nashay Washington and Julissa
Lecky
France
French Music History
 French music is a mixture of a variety of music styles. It has, for
example a bit of Latin America, Africa and Asian music. Corsica and
mountainous Auvergne are two of the regions that preserve folk and
traditional French music, which uses the piano accordion as its main
instrument. Auvergne, Limousine, Morvan, Nivernais, Bourbonnais
and Berry all form the Central part of France, and is where the
French bagpipe tradition and the hurdy gurdy are still present. The
hurdy gurdy is a combination of the piano accordion and violin, and
the result is a magnificent melody. This musical style can also be
found in Spain, Hungary and Russia. The southern part of France
also has its own music, which is called troba muffin, which is Occitan
ragga muffin, and is played by the Massilia Sound System, a well
known reggae group.
French Is Known for...
 . The first opera is thought to be "Akébar roi du
Mogol", with Jean-Baptiste Lully as the best known
composer of this style of music. Hector Berlioz was
one of the greater and original composers of the
nineteenth century. Himself and Georges Bizet, Jules
Massenet, Gabriel Fauré, Maurice Ravel and Claude
Debussy were the pioneers who revitalized French
music. Nowadays, the most important advanced kind
of music developed in France is that called "spectral
music", which is very popular in Europe and in the
United States.
France Fashion Frenzy
 Fashion has been an important industry and cultural
export of France since the seventeenth century, and
modern "haute couture" originated in Paris in the
1860s. Today, Paris, along with London, Milan,
and New York City, is considered one of the world's
fashion capitals, and the city is home or headquarters
to many of the premier fashion houses,
including Céline, Chanel, Dior, Donna Karan,
Givenchy, Jean-Paul
Gaultier, Hermès, Rochas, Vuitton and Yves Saint
Laurent
Fashion At its Best...
Post War
Contemporary
Français Des aliments
 Foie Gras is one of the most popular and well-known
delicacies in French cuisine and its flavor is described
as rich, buttery, and delicate unlike that of a regular
duck or goose liver. It can be sold whole, or prepared
into mousse, parfait, or pâté (the lowest quality), and
is typically served as an accompaniment to another
food item, such as toast or steak.
Food in France
French Beef Stew (Pot au Feu)
serves:- 4-6, preparation time:- 10 mins,
cooking time:- 3-4 hours
 Ingredients
 * 1.5kg or 3lb of meat, shin of beef or
flank with the bone inside
* 6 carrots
* 6 small turnips
* 6 leeks
* 2 onions, with cloves stuck in
* 2 cloves of garlic
* 2 bay-leaves
* 1 sprig of thyme, parsley, and celery
leaves
* 2 marrow bones
* 6 medium potatoes
* salt and pepper
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 Method
 * In a large crock pot, bring about 3
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litres or 5 pints of water to the boil.
* put in the meat and bring back to
the boil and leave to boil for 3-4
minutes, until you can remove the
scum.
* lower the heat and simmer for about
1-2 hours (depending on how tender
you want your meat).
* add all the vegetables (except the
potatoes), herbs and seasoning and
cook for a further 1 to 1&1/2 hours.
* Then finally add the potatoes and
marrow bones, when the potatoes are
cooked the stew is ready!!
Italy
Musica Italiana
 Italy is the home of opera music. Opera music was created in Italy
in the 17th century by Italian music composer Claudio
Monteverdi. He wrote his first opera in 1607 named L’Orfeo which
was composed to commemorate the annual festival of Mantua.
Since then opera music has become an institution in the world of
Italian music and widely appreciated around the world. Italy has
produced a consistent stream of some of the world’s best opera
singers, conductors and composers up to the present day.
 The most famous names in the contemporary world of Italian
opera music are probably Luciano Pavarotti and Andrea Bocelli
who are both singers of opera music. Italy also houses some of the
best venues for performing opera music in the world. Examples of
fantastic opera houses in Italy can be found in Milan, Venice,
Naples and Verona to name only a few. Italy has produced a few
very significant names in the world of classical music over the past
few hundred years. One of Italy’s major contributors to classical
music is Antonio Vivaldi who is the musical composer widely
credited as having created concerto music.
Modern Music Italiana
 The most well-known form of popular music in Italy during the
past few decades has been rock music. Although no Italian rock
music bands have ever had much success in the English speaking
countries, there are several very popular Italian rock music bands
inside Italy. Popular 1980s rock singers and songwriters include
Gianna Nannini, Zucchero and Vasco Rossi. There has also been
quite a significant punk music scene in Italy since the 1970’s and
there even seems to be a resurgent new punk music scene
developing in Italy today.
 Popular music in Italy often takes its cues from the USA and this
appears to be how rap music has developed in Italy. There is today
a significant rap music scene in Italy with accompanying fashions
and lifestyles that mirror those of rap musicians in America.
While the beats of Italian rap music may seem to be a close copy of
rap music in the US, the lyrics often found in Italian rap music
seem to concentrate on social reviews that are entirely Italian.
Moda Italiana
 Italian fashion has amongst the world's most
important fashion designs, such as those
of France, USA, Great Britain and Japan. Fashion has always
been an important part of the culture of Italy, and its society,
and Italians are well known for their attention to dressing-up
well, and "la bella figura", or good impression, remains
traditional in the Italian way of living.
 Italian designs began to become one of Europe's main
trendsetters ever since the 11th-16th centuries, when artistic
development in Italy was at its peak. Cities such
as Venice, Milan, Florence and Vicenza started to
produce luxury goods, hats, cosmetics, jewelry and
rich fabrics. During the 17th-early 20th centuries, Italian
fashion lost its importance, and Europe's main trendsetter
became France.
Cibo Italiano
 A calzone is a turnover that originates from Italy. It is
made of ingredients similar to pizza folded over and
shaped like a crescent
 The typical calzone is stuffed with tomato and
mozzarella, and may include other ingredients usually
associated with pizza toppings.
 Sweet versions, usually smaller and cookie-sized, are a
specialty in the Marche. Fried versions typically filled
with tomato and mozzarella, are made in Puglia and
are called Panzerotti.
Pasta Italiana
 Ziti Penne is a type of pasta with cylinder-shaped pieces. Penne is the
plural form of the Italian penna, deriving from Latin penna .In
Italy, penne are produced in two main variants: "penne lisce" (smooth)
and "penne rigate" (furrowed), the latter having ridges on each penna.
There is also pennoni ,which is a wider version of penne. The same or
similar shape is also called mostaccioli (little mustache)
and ziti which arelong hollow rods which are also smooth in texture
and have square-cut edges; "cut ziti" are ziti cut into shorter tubes and
can refer to particular dishes made from penne-shaped pasta.
When all fails, Dress Like Italians...
Then
Now
Music In England
 English music has been an instrumental and leading part of
this phenomenon, at the end of the 1960s and into the 1970s.
The achievements of the Anglican choral tradition following
on from 16th century composers such as Thomas Tallis, John
Taverner and William Byrd have tended to overshadow
instrumental composition. figures such as Edward Elgar and
Arthur Sullivan in the 19th century showed a new vitality in
English music. In the 20th century, Benjamin Britten and
Michael Tippett came out as internationally-recognized
opera composers, and Ralph Vaughan Williams and others
collected English folk tunes and adapted them to the concert
hall. Cecil Sharp was a leading figure in the English folk
revival.
Modernizing England's Music
 A new trend emerged out of Liverpool in 1962. The Beatles
became the most popular musicians of their time, and in the
composing duo of John Lennon and Paul McCartney,
popularized the concept of the self-contained music act.
Before the Beatles, very few popular singers composed the
tunes they performed. The "Fab Four" opened the doors for
other English acts such as The Rolling Stones, Cream, The
Hollies, The Kinks, The Who, Queen, Led Zeppelin, Black
Sabbath, and Pink Floyd to the globe.
Fashion in England
 Victorian fashion comprises the various fashions and
trends in British culture that emerged and grew in province
throughout the Victorian era and the reign of Victoria, a
period which would last from June 1837 to January 1901.
Covering nearly two thirds of the 19th century, the 63 year
reign would see numerous changes in fashion. These changes
would include, but not be limited to, changes
in clothing, architecture, literature, and
the decorative and visual arts.
Fashion Hits England
Victorian Style
Modern Style
English muffins
 English Muffins should not be mistaken for American Muffins. English muffins are a
yeast-based dough as you can see in this English Muffin recipe. They are a delicious teatime treat, toasted and served warm with butter or filled, they make a lovely sandwich.
They are easy to make and once cooked will keep for several days in an airtight tin.
Preparation:
Put the milk and 2 fl/oz/55ml water into a saucepan and heat gently until just warm enough for you to dip your finger
in comfortably. Put the warmed milk into a small basin or jug, add the sugar and the yeast, mix lightly and leave in a
warm place for about 15 minutes and the mixture has a lightly bubbling top.
Sift the flour into a roomy baking bowl, add the salt and stir. Make a well in the center of the flour and pour the yeast
and milk mixture in. Mix all the ingredients together until a soft, non-sticky dough is formed; if the dough feels dry a
little more water a drop at a time, too wet add a little more flour.
Place the dough on a lightly floured surface and knead for 10 minutes or until the dough is smooth and elastic. Put the
dough back into the baking bowl, cover with a clean, dry tea towel and leave in a warm (not hot) place until the dough
has doubled in size, this could take up to an hour, so be patient.
Once risen, tip the dough back onto the floured surface and roll out to ½ inch/1cm thick. Cut into 3 inch/7.5cm
rounds. The dough may start to puff up again but simply roll it back to ½ inch. Place the muffins on a greased baking
sheet and leave to rise for 30 minutes, again in a warm, but not hot, place.
Grease a heavy-based frying pan or griddle with a little lard, heat until hot but not burning. Add a few muffins, lower
the heat and cook for 7 minutes on each side. Once cooked, put to one side, re-grease the pan or griddle and heat, then
continue as above until you have used up all the dough.
Store them in an airtight tin.
Muffins are delicious warm, split the muffin open around the center and filled with lots of butter, yummy. If they begin
to go a little dry simply toast them.
English Delights
A classic dessert or tea time treat has to be a traditional
apple pie. This traditional apple pie recipe is quick and
easy and ensures a perfect result every time. Use
cooking or Bramley apples for the best filling, eating
apples don't soften the same way.
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Prep Time: 30 minutes
Cook Time: 25 minutes
Total Time: 55 minutes
Ingredients:
Pastry
7 oz/200g all purpose/plain flour
pinch of salt
1 stick/ 110g butter, cubed or an equal mix of butter
and lard
2-3 tbsp cold water
Filling
1 ½ lbs/700g cooking apples, peeled, cored and
quartered
2 tbsp lemon juice
½ cup/ 100g sugar
4 - 6 tbsp cold water
1 level tsp ground cinnamon
¼ stick/25g butter
Milk to glaze
Preparation:
 Method
Place the flour, butter and salt into a
large clean bowl.
 Rub the butter into the flour with your
fingertips until the mixture resembles
fine breadcrumbs, working as quickly
as possible to prevent the dough
becoming warm.
 Add the water to the mixture and
using a cold knife stir until the dough
binds together, add more cold water a
teaspoon at a time if the mixture is too
dry.
 Wrap the dough in Saran
wrap/Clingfilm and chill for a
minimum of 15 minutes, up to 30
minutes.