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Prelecture Worksheet Chapter 24 Name: _____________________________ 1. What is the difference between microevolution and macroevolution? Microevolution refers to changes at the molecular level – mutations in DNA and changes in the gene pool (allele frequencies) Macroevolution refers to large scale changes that lead to the formation of new taxa 2. What are some problems with the biological species concept? There are some different species that can hybridize and produce fertile offspring Some organisms are asexual 3. List the factors that prevent species from interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. Prezygotic barriers: habitat isolation, temporal isolation, behavioral isolation, mechanical isolation, gametic isolation Post zygotic barriers : reduced hybrid viability, reduced hybrid fertility, hybrid breakdown. 4. a. Which species concept can be used for both asexual and sexual species? Morphological, phylogenetic, ecological species concepts b. Which can only be applied to sexual species? Biological species concept c. Which would be most useful for identifying species in the field? Morphological species concepts 5. Which of the following is the first step in allopatric speciation? a. genetic drift b. geographic isolation c. polyploidy d. hybridization e. formation of a reproductive barrier 6. According to the _____ model, evolution occurs in spurts; species evolve relatively rapidly then remain unchanged for long periods. a. nondisjunction b. gradualist c. adaptive radiation d. punctuated equilibrium e. geographic isolation 7. Plant species A has a diploid number of 12. Plant species B has a diploid number of 16. A new species, C, arises as an allopolyploid from A and B. The likely diploid number for species C would probably be a. 12. b. 14. c. 16. d. 28. e. 56. 8. The speciation episode described in question 7 is most likely a case of a. allopatric speciation. b. sympatric speciation. c. speciation based on sexual selection. d. adaptive radiation. e. anagenesis. 9. Complete the chart comparing gradualism with punctuated equilibrium. Long term tempo of evolution smooth or jumpy? same processes as microevolution or different processes Kind of evidence in the fossil record Speciation fast or slow? Continuous change through life of species or quick change and stability? Gradualism Smooth Punctuated Equilibrium jumpy Same different Smooth transitions, showing intermediates Smooth Continuous Sudden changes in record jumpy quick change and stability?
