Download Matter Classification

Mixtures
Mixtures
• ARE NOT chemically bonded.
Mixtures
• Can be separated by physical means such as
filtration, distillation, chromatography.
• Filtration: take salt and sand, run water over
mixture to dissolve the salt and catch sand to
separate them
• Distillation: evaporate water out of salt water to
leave salt behind will separate salt water.
• Chromatography: separates parts of a mixture by
carrying and dropping components on a
stationary surface.
Mixtures
• Each component of a mixture does not have
to be evenly mixed-heterogeneous
• It is called homogeneous if the mixtures
components are evenly mixed.
• EX: homogeneously=coffee
• EX: heterogeneously=sandwich
Mixtures
Mixtures do not have to have the same ratios.
For example, a chocolate chip cookie does not
have to have a certain amount of chocolate
chips, they can vary between each cookie.
Mixtures
• Each substance keeps its own properties. For
example: a bucket of rocks, bolts, and sand is
a mixture. The rocks still act as rocks, the sand
is still acts like sand, and the bolts still act as
bolts.
Mixtures
• The entire mixture acts differently than the
compounds that make it up
• For example: salt water acts differently than
just salt and just water by themselves. Salt
water conducts electricity while pure water
does not.
Compounds
• ARE two or more elements chemically bonded
• Made up of atoms
Compounds
• Can only separate by a chemical reaction
• This is often difficult to do.
Compounds
• Examples are water, carbon dioxide, and
sodium chloride.
• The compounds act differently than the
elements that make them up.
• EX: sodium is a metal, explosive in air and
water; chlorine is a green, poisonous gas. It is
table salt when combined.
Compounds
• Must have an exact ratio
• Example: water has 2 hydrogen with 1 oxygen
atom; hydrogen peroxide has 2 hydrogen with
2 oxygen. They each have their own properties
unlike each other.
Compounds
• Will always exist as molecules: more than one
atom bonded
• Molecules are the smallest piece of a
compound.
• Example: the smallest piece of water is a
molecule.
Elements
• The purest substance of matter
• There is only one type of atom for every
element. In other words, all carbon atoms are
identical to other carbon atoms; all aluminum
atoms are identical to all aluminum atoms.
Elements
• The Periodic Table of Elements lists all known
elements.
• There are 90 naturally occurring elements, the
others are man made.
Elements
• When elements are combined, molecules of a
compound are formed
Summary
• Define mixtures, compounds, and elements
on your graphic organizer in your own words
• Discuss three examples of each with your
partner and list them on your graphic
organizer
• Using the slips of paper given, place each
characteristic where it belongs on your
graphic organizer (do not write them yet)
Summary
• Discuss the correct placement of the
characteristics as a whole class.
• Copy them into the correct spot on your
graphic organizer to complete your notes.
Ticket Out
• Write a three difference between compounds,
mixtures, and elements. List one similarity.