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4th Grade Science Lesson
Eight Planets
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Mercury
• It is the closest planet to the sun
• The eighth largest
• Given separate names for its apparitions as a
morning star and as an evening star.
Venus
• The second planet from the sun and the sixth
largest
• Venus is the goddess of love and beauty
• The brightest object in the sky except for the
sun and the moon.
• Like Mercury it was thought to be two
separate bodies
– Eosphorus as the morning star
– Hesperus as the evening star
Earth
• The third planet from the sun and the fifth
largest
• The crust varies considerably in thickness
– It is thinner under the ocean
– Thicker under the continents
• The inner core and crust are solid
• The outer core and mantle layers are plastic or
semi-fluid.
Mars
• The fourth planet from the sun and the
seventh largest.
• Mars is the God of War
• Sometimes referred to as the Red Planet
• Even though Mars is much smaller than Earth,
its surface area is about the same as the land
surface area of Earth.
Jupiter
• The fifth planet from the sun and the largest.
• Jupiter is more than twice as massive as all the
other planets combined
– The mass of Jupiter is 318 times that of Earth
• Jupiter was the King of the Gods, the ruler of
Olympus and the patron of the Roman state.
• The fourth brightest object on the sky. After the
Sun, the Moon and Venus.
• Known since prehistoric times as a bright
“wandering star”.
Saturn
• The sixth planet from the Sun and the second
largest.
• In Roman mythology, Saturn is the god of
agriculture
• Saturn is the least dense of the planets
– Its specific gravity (0.7) is less than that of water
Uranus
• The seventh planet from the sun and the third
largest (by diameter).
– The largest in diameter but smaller than Neptune.
• Uranus is the ancient Greek deity of the
Heavens, the earliest supreme god.
• The first planet discovered in modern times by
William Herschel
• Has 27 named moons
Neptune
• The eighth planet from the Sun and the fourth
largest (by diameter).
– Smaller in diameter but larger in mass than Uranus
• In Roman mythology Neptune was the god of the
Sea.
• Like Jupiter and Saturn, Neptune has an internal
heat source.
– Its radiates more than twice as much energy as it
receives from the Sun,