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Managing your Heart Failure Starts with You! Do Your Part, Know Your Heart What is Heart Failure? Heart failure develops following injury to the heart such as the damage caused by a heart attack, long-term high blood pressure, or an abnormality of one of the heart valves. The weakened heart must work harder to keep up with the demands of the body. Heart Failure Risk Factors Include: • High blood pressure (hypertension) • Heart attack (myocardial infarction) • Damage to the heart valves or history of a heart murmur • Enlargement of the heart • Family history of enlarged heart • Diabetes Diagnosing Heart Failure Early diagnosis and treatment are very important. Physicians often order a number of tests when exploring a possible diagnosis of heart failure. The most important of these tests is an echocardiogram, or “echo” for short. This test tells your doctor what your ejection fraction, or “EF,” The ejection fraction is a measurement of how well your heart is pumping. Heart Failures Impact 5.7 In the United States (US), approximately million patients over the age of 20 years old have HF, with 870,000 new cases diagnosed each year. Stages of Heart Failure According to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification system. Class 1 No limitation of physical activity. Ordinary physical activity does not cause undue fatigue, palpitation, or dyspnea (shortness of breath). Class 2 Slight limitation of physical activity. Comfortable at rest, but ordinary physical activity results in fatigue, palpitation, or dyspnea. Class 3 Marked limitation of physical activity. Comfortable at rest, but less than ordinary activity causes fatigue, palpitation, or dyspnea. Class 4 Unable to carry out any physical activity without discomfort. Symptoms of cardiac insufficiency at rest. If any physical activity is undertaken, discomfort is increased. Mild Mild Moderate Severe Managing Heart Failure People with heart failure can live normal lives. For individuals diagnosed with heart failure, there are a number of medications that work together to improve your symptoms and help keep your heart failure from getting worse. Taking these medicines, in addition to healthy eating and getting regular exercise, will help improve your health.