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Islam
In the name of God, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
Praise be to God, the Cherisher and Sustainer of the Worlds;
Most Gracious, Most Merciful;
Master of the Day of Judgment.
Thee do we worship, and Thine aid we seek.
Show us the straight way,
(Quran 1:1-6)
Islam
• Usually translated as
"submission to God" (Quran,
3:19), from the Arabic word
salam, meaning "peace."
• 1.2 billion Muslims worldwide,
Islam is one of the fastest
growing religions.
• Most Arabs are Muslims, but
most Muslims are not Arabs.
• The largest Muslim populations
live in Indonesia, Pakistan,
Bangladesh, and India. (6
million in the U.S.)
Islam
• Muslims worship God
directly, therefore people
and objects are not
considered holy.
• There is no hierarchical
authority or priesthood.
• Prayers are led by a learned
person who knows the
Qur'an and is generally
chosen by the congregation.
Qu’ran
• Muslims believe that the Qu’ran is God's word as revealed to
the prophet Muhammad through the angel Gabriel.
• The Qu’ran contains much of the basic information told in the
Hebrew Bible as well as additional information.
six articles of faith
of Islam
1. Belief in one God- monotheism (Allah is Arabic for
God)
2. Belief in the Angels
3. Belief in God’s Messengers- Muhammad and the
ones before him
4. Belief in the Day of Judgment & in the Resurrection
5. Belief in the Books sent by God- including the
Qurʾān, Bible, & Torah
6. Belief in Destiny- whatever God does has a purpose
Five Pillars of Islam
1.
Shahadah (Declaration of
Faith): "There is no God but
Allah, and Muhammad is
his servant and messenger."
•
The belief that the purpose
of life is to serve and obey
God. This is best achieved
through the teachings of
Muhammad.
Five Pillars of Islam
2.
•
•
Salah (Prayer): performed five times a day: dawn, mid-day,
late-afternoon, sunset, and nightfall.
These five prescribed prayers contain verses from the
Qur'an, and are said in Arabic facing Mecca.
Although preferable to worship together in a mosque,
Muslims may pray almost anywhere, such as in fields,
offices, factories, and universities.
Five Pillars of Islam
3.
Zakah (Almsgiving): The
principle that everything
belongs to God, and that
wealth is only held by
humans in trust.
•
Muslims calculate their own
zakah, resulting in payment of
one-fortieth of one's income
to the poor.
•
An individual may give as
much as he or she wants and
does so preferably in secret.
Five Pillars of Islam
4.
Sawm (Fasting): During the
month of Ramadan, Muslims
fast from dawn until sundown,
abstaining from food, drink,
and sexual relations.
•
The sick, elderly, travelers, and
pregnant or nursing women
are excused, but are expected
to make up the days later.
•
"O you who believe! Fasting is
prescribed for you as it was
prescribed to those before you
that you may learn selfrestraint." (Qur'an 2:183)
Five Pillars of Islam
5.
Hajj (Pilgrimage): The
pilgrimage to Makkah is
an obligation for those
who are physically and
financially able to do so.
•
The hajj begins in the 12th
month of the Islamic
calendar, which is lunar,
so the hajj and Ramadan
fluctuate between
summer and winter.
Islamic Sects
• Sunni- accept the elected
successors of Muhammad as
leaders of Islam. The majority
of Muslims today are Sunni.
• Shiah- believe that religious
leaders must be descendants
of Muhammad through his
daughter Fatima and her
husband Ali. They rule Iran
and also have a sizeable
presence in Iraq and Syria.