Download Islam and N Africa Notes

The World of
Islam
Chapter 10
Muhammad
• Muhammad was troubled with gap between
the greedy rich & honest poor
• While meditating, Muhammad received
revelation from God through the angel
Gabriel
–Muhammad taught that Allah was the one
and only God and other gods must be
abandoned
• Followers of Islam were called Muslims
• Islam-submission to the will of Allah
Beliefs and Practices
• Teachings:
–There is only one God Allah and
Muhammad is the prophet
–There is good and evil and that each
individual is responsible for the action of
his/her life
• Quran = Holy book of the Muslims and its
based on Muhammad’s revelations
–Quran contains ethical guidelines for
Muslims
The Quran:
Holy Book
Of Islam
Five Pillars
• Faith:
–“There is no God but Allah and
Muhammad is the Messenger”
• Prayer
–Five times a day
–Face Mecca to pray
–Assemble in a mosque (Islamic
house of worship)
Mosque
Five Pillars
• Alms
– The responsibility to support the less
fortunate
– Give money for the poor
• Fasting
– During the holy month of Ramadan,
Muslims fast between dawn and sunset
– Fasting serves to remind Muslim that their
spiritual needs are greater than their
physical needs
Celebrating The Last Day of Ramadan
Five Pillars
• Pilgrimage
–All Muslims who are physically and
financially able perform the hajj or
pilgrimage to Mecca, at least once
Al-Haram Mosque Holds the Kaaba
Values:
Honor parents
Be kind to neighbors
Protect widows and orphans
Give to the poor
Condemns:
Murder
Stealing
Lying
Adultery
The Quran-A Way of Life
Forbids:
Gambling
Pork
Alcohol
Regulates:
Marriage
Divorce
Inheritance
Business
Shari’a Law
• Shari’a
–System of law that regulates
family life, moral conduct and
business and community life of
Muslims
Links to Judaism and Christianity
• See Chart for Bellwork
• Complete Chapter 10
Sec 2-3 Questions
North Africa
Chapter 15 Section 1
North Africa
• In general, the Muslim states in
Africa were established in North
Africa
Lineages
• Lineages
–Some societies group people into
lineages (common ancestor)
–Members of a lineage have strong
loyalties to one another
Lineage
• In some African societies, lineage groups take
the place of rulers
– Lineage-chief means of social and political
organization in stateless African societies
– These stateless societies (no central system of
power) balance power among lineages and
settle disputes through discussion and
negotiations
Tracing Family Descent
•Some societies are patrilineal—
trace ancestry through fathers
•Others are matrilineal—trace
ancestry through mothers
•Lineage determines how
possessions are inherited
Age-Set System
• Age-set
–Groups of people born about the same
time who form close ties
–The duties and roles associated with
varying ages are emphasized by the age
set system
• Ceremonies mark the passage to each
new stage
Islam Spreads
• Starting around 630, Muslims conquered
North Africa
– Converted many by the sword of conquest
and other peacefully
– As Islam spread some rulers converted to
Islam and based their government on
Islamic law
• Trade also helped spread the Islamic
religion
Bellwork 8/23/16
Write Questions
• 1.) Which of the five pillars refers to the
responsibility to support/help the less fortunate?
• 2.) What term refers to the system of law that
regulates family life, moral conduct and business
and community life of Muslims?
• 3.) What term refers to followers of Islam?
Islam
• Arabic
– Classical Arabic is the sacred language of Islam. It is
the language of the Qur'an.
• Two Branches of Islam
– Sunni-acknowledge the first four caliphs as the
rightful successors of Muhammad
– Shi’a-acknowledge Ali and his decedents as the
successors of Muhammad