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Resistor Resistors determine the flow of current in an electrical circuit. Resistors are used for regulating current and they resist the current flow and the extent to which they do this is measured in ohms (Ω). Resistors are found in almost every electronic circuit. Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) When the light level is low the resistance of the LDR is high. This prevents current from flowing to the base of the transistors. Consequently the LED does not light. However, when light shines onto the LDR its resistance falls and current flows into the base of the first transistor and then the second transistor. The LED lights. Transistor Transistors can be regarded as a type of switch, as can many electronic components. They are used in a variety of circuits and you will find that it is rare that a circuit built in a school Technology Department does not contain at least one transist or. Variable Resistor (Trim Pot) The animations starts with a 4.67% resistance level and reaches a resistance level of 28.33%. It can go all the way up to 100% resistance, preven ting current flow, in a circuit. Diode A diode allows electricity to flow in one direction only and blocks the flow in the opposite direction. They may be regarded as one-way valves and they are used in various circuits, usually as a form of protection. Switch Basically switches bring contacts together in different ways but they do the same switching job. PCB A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from copper sheets laminated onto a non-conductive substrate. PCBs can be single sided (one copper layer), double sided (two copper layers) or multi-layer (outer and inner layers). Multi-layer PCBs allow for much higher component density. Conductors on different layers are connected with plated-through holes called vias. Advanced PCBs may contain components - capacitors, resistors or active devices - embedded in the substrate. Motor When electricity is applied to the alliance it interprets into Kinetic energy in a rotational force. Popular components not used in the robobug Buzzer,dry reed switch, relay, amplifier. Capacitor A capacitor is composed of two conductors separated by an insulating material called a DIELECTRIC. The dielectric can be paper, plastic film, ceramic, air or a vacuum. Integrated Ciruit (IC) A micro-switch (pressure pad) is used as one input device and a dark sensing circuit as the other. The AND gate has two inputs. If both are activated - the dark sensor and the micro-switch the logic state of the output changes to high and the motor releases food to the hungry dog.