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Transcript
Do Now: What is my religion IQ? (in basket): What is my pre-existing knowledge of Hinduism? What is Hinduism? Objective: To Define, describe, and analyze the origins and beliefs of Hinduism. Essential Question: What are the major world religions and how are they interconnected? Intro to Hinduism • Main religion in India • No founder/ formal church (changed over thousands of years- early as 3000 BC under Dravidians- Aryan invasions • Is a way of life and a religion Sacred Texts: • The Vedas (eternal truthsCollection of Sanskrit hymns and poetry) • The Upanishads (explanation) • The Ramayana* • The Mahabharata* • *= two most famous “Who abhors violence in every form, who strives for harmony in every behavior, who loves wisdom, who respects all teachers of wisdom, who practices some form of mediation, such a one may be said to be a Hindu.” Brahman: • Hindus are polytheistic (worship of more than 1 God) – they worship millions of godsreflecting complexity of life • Each god is part of a single force=Brahman • It is nameless, faceless, • Hindus believe in unity of all life and limitless Atman= essential self (same as Brahman) • Only a select few understand the Brahman • All things part of same universal soul- stress nonviolence •Respect Nature The 3 Main Gods of Hinduism are : 1. Brahma- The Creator 2. Vishnu- The Preserver 3. Shiva- The Destroyer →All Gods/ Goddesses are incarnations of Brahman; all other gods= aspects of Brahman Vishnu Shiva Brahma Reincarnation: • People suffer due to pursuit of material things • True goal in life = moksha (freeing of soul from body to unite with the Brahmancannot be achieved in 1 life) • Reincarnation/ transmigration is the rebirth of the soul in various forms Karma: “What goes around comes around.” • The cycle of death/ rebirth continues until souls achieves union with Brahman • achieving union depends on karma • Karma: holds that every deed (mental &physical) affects a person’s fate in the future life • Your present situation is a direct result of your past existence o Every good deed brings o Every bad deed brings Hinduism & The Caste System • Karma & reincarnation link to caste • A person’s caste is a result of karma (deeds from past life) • Strict social/ religious order • Little social mobility: a person born into a caste & remained member for life • Brahmins- highest caste - closest to moksha (perform sacrifices and rituals) The Caste System • Dharma: each caste has one- duties/ obligations • Obedience to caste/ moral rules • You can improve your caste in the next life by carrying out duties in present one Classes of the caste system Priests, academics, those closest to unity Warriors, Kings Merchants, landowners Commoners, Peasants, servants •The system grew and changes over thousands of years • higher castes purer and closer to moksha •As invaders absorbed into caste system- sub-caste emerges Rules & A Way of Life • A way of life- government, habits, marriage, cooking eating and jobs • Each job has its own caste – – – – – Gardner Jeweler Woodworker Water carrier Money lender • Which Gods you worship, where you live and clothes all depend on caste • Caste helps higher castes remain spiritually pure • Risk of “spiritual pollution” if high caste had contact w/ low caste • Ex. A Brahman could only eat foods prepared by a fellow Brahman Hinduism Today • Over 700 million followers • Consider Ganges River one of most Holy • Have gurus, temples and meditative practices What is a Lingam? • Lingams are one of the most sacred icons of the ancient and modern world. They are are yielded only by the Narmada River in India. • The subtle vibration given off by these unique one of a kind energetic stones, reacts to the unique one of a kind vibrations of the human soul, "tuning" it into a harmonious melody. The Lingam never retains negative energy and helps to bring prosperity, and balance the subtle energy vibrations within your surroundings. Sources: • Google Images • Clip art • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WBxy1R0j itM