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A set of 3 bases on one loop of the tRNA molecule is called the _____________. Answer: amino acid phosphate codon anticodon What type of sugar does RNA contain? Answer: deoxyribose phosphate ribose a 3 carbon sugar What bonds with the original DNA strands after it unzips during DNA replication? Answer: free DNA nucleotides tRNA anticodons RNA codons free RNA nucleotides When a certain protein is needed, DNA makes ________to carry the instructions to make a particular protein to the ribosome. Answer: DNA tRNA mRNA rRNA Chargaff's base pair rule for RNA states that adenine will bind with ________, while cytosine will bind with guanine. Answer: uracil phosphate ribose nitrogen The Watson and Crick model of DNA is a(an) _________________________, in which two strands are wound around each other. Answer: single strand double loop twisted single strand double helix How are amino acids bonded together? Answer: by RNA bases by hydrogen bonds by proteins sticking together by peptide bonds What is produced during transcription? Answer: a messenger RNA a ribosomal RNA a transfer RNA an exact copy of DNA Where is tRNA located in the cell? Answer: nucleus cytoplasm ribosome mRNA What happens during the process of translation? Answer: Copies of DNA molecules are made. Transfer RNA is made from messenger RNA. The cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce proteins. Messenger RNA is made from DNA After the mRNA molecule is made, where will it go? Answer: to the golgi apparatus to the nucleus to the ribosome to the smooth ER Which of the following makes up a nucleotide found in DNA? Answer: ribose + phosphate group + uracil ribose + phosphate group + thymine deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine What is formed by a chain of amino acids? Answer: a lipid a protein a carbon a necklace A segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein is called a(n) _______________. Answer: amino acid gene triplet codon Three letter "words" on strands of mRNA are called _____________________. Answer: codons bases tripletts anticodons How many main types of RNA are there? Answer: 20 3 thousands 64 possible combinations What organelle is responsible for making proteins? Answer: cytoplasm nucleus mRNA ribosome During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the bases Answer: GAUCCA. GATCCA. TCGAAC. AGCTTG. If given the DNA strand GGGATA, what would be the complementary RNA codon? Answer: AAAUAU UUUTUT CCCUGA CCCUAU What type of bonds hold the bases together in DNA? Answer: weak electron bonds hydrogen bonds peptide bonds carbon bonds