Download Sexually Transmitted Infections in the United States

Vocabulary
• VD (venereal
disease)
• STD (sexually
transmitted disease)
• STI (sexually
transmitted
infection)
Types Of Infection
• Bacteria
– Infection that CAN
be cured.
• Antibiotics
• Virus
– Infection that
CANNOT be cured
but symptoms can be
treated
• Other
Sexually Transmitted Infections
in the United States
• There are approximately 18.9 million
new cases of STI each year.
• 15-24 year olds make up approximately
50% (9 million) of all new cases.
• By age 24, at least 1 in 3 sexually active
people are estimated to have
contracted an STI.
Why Are Teens At Higher Risk?
• Multiple partners
– The younger a teen is when
he/she initiates sex, the
more partners he/she will
have by age 20
• Unprotected
intercourse
• Pool of diseases in age
group
• Lack of knowledge
• Uncomfortable talking
about sex
• Abstinence limitations
– Reluctant to be prepared
• May select partners at
high risk and not know
• Alcohol and drug use
• Lack of insurance or
other ability to pay for
services/treatment.
Sexually Transmitted Infections
(STI)
• These slides are very graphic
– It is better to see it “up here” than “down
there” 
• Most STI do not look this bad!!!
• The most common symptom is ???
– No symptom (Asymptomatic)
PUBIC LICE “Crabs”
(Parasite)
• Signs:
– Sometimes the lice are visible
– Scabs
– Flecks of blood
• Symptoms:
– Intense itching
• Transmitted thru close physical contact or
sharing infected clothing/sheets/towels.
• Treated with medicated shampoo.
TRICHOMONIASIS “TRICH”
(Parasite)
• Signs
– Discharge
• Symptoms
– Pain
• Transmitted
– Contact
• Treatment
– Medication
VAGINOSIS (BV)
(Bacteria)
• Signs
– Discharge
– Odor
• Symptoms
– Pain
• Transmitted
–?
• Treatment = Antibiotics
CHLAMYDIA
(Bacteria)
• Most women and some men have NO
symptoms!
• Most common Sexually Transmitted
Infection (STI).
• Spread during vaginal, anal and oral sex
• Teenagers have the highest infection
rate.
• Treatment = Antibiotics
Signs and Symptoms of
Chlamydia
• #1 Sign and/or symptom is NO sign or
symptom!
• Symptoms show up 7-28 days after
having sex
• Burning or pain while urinating
• Need to urinate more often
• White, watery drip from the penis
GONORRHEA
(Bacteria)
• Most women and some men have NO
symptoms!
• Spread during vaginal, anal and oral sex.
• Individuals with gonorrhea often have
Chlamydia too!
• Treatment = Antibiotics
Signs and Symptoms of
Gonorrhea
• #1 Sign and/or symptom is NO sign or
symptom!
• Symptoms show up 2-21 days after
having sex
• Burning or pain while urinating
• Need to urinate more often
• Thick yellow or white drip from the
penis or vagina
SYPHILIS
(Bacteria)
• 3 stages
–
–
–
–
Stage I = chancre
Stage II = rash
Latency Period (nothing happens)
Stage III = attacks the organs
• Spread during vaginal, anal and oral sex
• Treatment Stage I and II = antibiotics
HEPATITIS
(Virus)
• Many people have NO symptoms!
• Hepatitis A
– Transmitted thru Fecal/Oral
– Vaccine available (2 shot series)
• Hepatitis B
– Transmitted like HIV
– Highly contagious!
– Vaccine available (3 shot series)
• Hepatitis C
– Transmitted like HIV
– NO vaccine available
HERPES
(Virus)
• Some people have NO symptoms!
• Simplex I = lower viral load, less outbreaks
• Simplex II = higher viral load, more
outbreaks
• Highly contagious when blisters are visible.
• Spread during vaginal, anal and oral sex.
• May also be spread by kissing, sharing
straws/cups/lipstick.
• NO cure!
Signs and Symptoms of
Herpes
• #1 Sign and/or symptom is NO sign or
symptom!
• Symptoms show up 1-30 days after
having sex
• Small, painful blisters on the sex organs
or mouth
• Itching or burning before the blisters
appear
• Blisters last 1-3 weeks
HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS
(Virus)
• Visible Strands = Genital warts
• Invisible Strands = Leading cause of
cervical cancer
• Highly contagious!
• Spread during vaginal, anal and oral sex.
• Prevention = Gardasil Shot
• NO cure!
Signs and Symptoms of HPV
• #1 Sign and/or symptom is NO sign or
symptom!
• Symptoms show up 1-8 months after
having sex
• Small bumpy warts on/around the sex
organs and anus
• Itching around the sex organs
How Can You Protect Yourself?
• ABSTINENCE (only
100% way to protect
yourself from STI &
pregnancy
• Talk to your partner
• Look CLOSELY at your
partner
• Use latex or
polyurethane condoms
“Safer Sex”
• Limit your number of
sexual partners
Testing
• To receive services for your sexual
health…you must be at least 12 years old.
• If you are sexually active you should be
tested every six months
– Make sure that your partner is tested and treated.
– Do not have sex until treatment(s) are complete.
• It is important that you ASK to be tested for
all sexually transmitted infections (this is not
part of a regular exam)
• Information on testing:
– Valley Teen Community Clinic
– Planned Parenthood
“There is no way to know
who has an STD!”
“When you sleep with someone, you sleep
with everyone else they’ve slept with!”
“See no evil, speak no evil, hear
no evil, spread no evil!”