Download Annual Report (2014) - Marine Research Institute

MARINE RESEARCH
INSTITUTE
ANNUAL REPORT
2014
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Photos copyright: C V Rojas
Design & Layout: Pavs Pillay
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Director’s
Over the previous few years, Ma-Re had been picking up momentum in
conjunction with its flagship project, Ma-Re BASICS, which came to an end in
2013. However, 2014 was a year of challenges for Ma-Re
because of funding constraints that restricted
unifying projects promoting joint collaborative research
across UCT. Nonetheless, Ma-Re continues to provide an
internationally-recognized, common identity for staff
and postgraduate students carrying out marine research at UCT. Ma-Re’s active
research capacity is reflected in its outstanding publication record; in 2014 there
were 78 publications in which Ma-Re was formally listed in authors’ affiliations,
accounting for over half the marine-related publications emanating from UCT last
year. Ma-Re is an important portal into Africa for international marine research
collaboration. As in previous years, Ma-Re served as a point of contact for marinerelated research matters, hosting and overseeing: visits by the French ambassador,
the IRD/CNRS representative in South Africa and the EU Commissioner for
Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; research networks and consortia (Ma-Re continues
to serve as an invited partner in EuroMarine+ and AfriCOG (African Centre for
Ocean Governance); development of new Memoranda of Understanding/ Agreements (Montpellier-UCT co-badging MoU ; twinning with LEGOS, Leibniz Centre
for Tropical Marine Ecology and Institute of Geology, University of Hamburg) to
strengthen UCT’s research and educational capabilities; partnering with other
interdisciplinary groups in collaborative project proposals, which in 2014 included
the launch of the GULLS project under the Belmont Forum International
Opportunities Fund, and the SCAMPI project under the SA-Norway Bilateral call,
and a proposal submitted under the Horizon 2020 call H2020-MSCA-ITN-2015,
namely the International Training Network, VOYaGE.
Summary
Ma-Re continues to receive and respond to requests and questions from
potential postgraduate students (these include research students and also
applicants for the Applied Marine Science Masters degree) and researchers and
interested parties from professional bodies, governmental and non- governmental
organisations, members of the public, schools, media outlets, etc. In 2014, Ma-Re
hosted 10 schools (415 learners) in its outreach and education programmes, and
an additional 15 scholars from a range of schools and grades for job shadows,
during which time they were given the opportunity to join Ma-Re students on
field trips and aboard the Ma-Re vessel. In collaboration with the Department of
Film Studies at UCT and UCT TV, Ma-Re was awarded an opportunity to have a film
documentary produced about the Institute, the Ma-Re networks, marine
researchers and students. The film showcased marine science at UCT and has had
well over 200 views on You Tube and over 50 off the Ma-Re website, indeed
proving to be a highlight of our year.
As in past years, Ma-Re provided support for multi- and interdisciplinary marine
science in academic programmes through the Applied Marine Science Masters
degree: 10 students graduated in 2014 from previous cohorts, 11 students were
enrolled in the 2014 cohort, 12 students registered in January for the 2015/16
programme and there are already 6 students (mostly international) who have
expressed their intention to apply for 2016/17. Ma-Re supplied logistical and
administrative support to postgraduates across departments, ensuring equity in
financial support and access to funding opportunities, including for travel and
workshop attendance. For the period 2009 – 2014, Ma-Re funded postgraduate marine science students (Honours, Masters and PhD level) to the tune of
R12.5million, and provided travel support to 12 students in 2014 to attend
meetings/conferences and to undertake collaborative research at international
laboratories and institutions. We continue to be affiliated to numerous
accomplished and active researchers in the field of marine science outside of UCT,
and we value our formal association with 19 HRAs appointed via Ma-Re.
Thus, even in the face of challenges, Ma-Re has proven that it fulfils an important
and unique role in the marine research community at UCT and as a portal into
marine research in Africa. We plan to rise to the challenges facing the institute and
look forward to strengthening the role and capacity of Ma-Re in the coming year,
launching the institute along a bright new path, both locally and internationally.
Dr Lynne Shannon & A/Prof Coleen Moloney
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Contents
Ma-Re Vision...........................................................................................6
Structure of Ma-Re...............................................................................6
Governance Arrangements..............................................................7
Ma-Re BASICS Programme ..............................................................7
Ma-Re Affiliations ................................................................................8
Marine Research Groupings Associated with Ma-Re...............9
Education and Training.................................................................... 12
Social Responsiveness...................................................................... 14
Communication.................................................................................. 16
Networking to Promote Interdisciplinarity .............................. 16
Conferences and Business Meetings .......................................... 18
Partnerships and Strategic Collaborations .............................. 20
Ma-Re Finances .................................................................................. 23
Planned Future Activities ............................................................... 25
Publications.......................................................................................... 26
Acknowledgements.......................................................................... 33
Contact Information ......................................................................... 33
Appendices........................................................................................... 34
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Ma-Re Vision
The Marine Research Institute strives to maintain and develop UCT’s position as the leading marine research organization in Africa, with a focus on
marine global change research. Ma-Re seeks to foster inter-disciplinary/
trans-disciplinary and inter-institutional collaboration and synergy in order
to develop capacity for the benefit of the marine research community in
southern Africa.
Ma-Re strives to significantly increase student recruitment into the marine
sciences and seeks to transform curricula in terms of inter-disciplinary
research and fostering a collaborative culture
Ma-Re Structure
Ma-Re is a UCT signature theme. It exists as a network linking staff and students at UCT involved in marine research. The institute has an office in the
RW James Building on upper campus and has eight core staff members.
The main functions of Ma-Re are to meet the objectives of UCT Signature
Themes, which is done largely by actively engaging with UCT’s marineassociated staff (Table 1 & 2) and students, providing formal and informal
opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration in research and education,
and carrying out marine global change research under its own research
project(s). It also links with other marine research institutions and groups
nationally and internationally, providing administrative and other support
of collaborative research projects with these groups.
Table 1: UCT academic and research staff involved in marine research
A/Prof Isabelle Ansorge, A/Prof. Colin Attwood, Dr Bjorn Backeberg, Prof. John
Bolton, Emeritus Prof. George Branch, Emeritus Prof. Geoff Brundrit, Prof. Doug
Butterworth, A/Prof. John Compton, A/Prof. Vernon Coyne, Emeritus Prof. Derry
Devine, Prof. Loretta Feris, Prof. Emeritus John Field, Prof. Jan Glazewski,
A/Prof. Lesley Green, Emeritus Prof. Charles Griffiths, Prof. Michael Inggs, A/Prof.
Astrid Jarre, A/Prof. Frans-Josef Kahlen, Prof. Tony Leiman, A/Prof. Mike Lucas,
Dr Frank Matose, A/Prof. Coleen Moloney, Dr Deena Pillay, Dr Serge Raemaekers,
Prof. Chris Reason, Dr Cecile Reed, A/Prof. Mathieu Rouault, Prof. Peter Ryan,
Prof. Ed Rybicki, Prof. Judy Sealy, Dr Lynne Shannon, Prof. Frank Shillington,
A/Prof. Merle Sowman, Emeritus Prof. Les Underhill, A/Prof. Lance Van Sittert,
Dr Martine Visser,
Table 2: Honorary Research Associates nominated by Ma-Re and hosted by affiliated depts
L Atkinson, MSc PhD Cape Town
(Biological Sciences, SAEON)
R Barlow, MSc Natal PhD Cape Town
(Biological Sciences)
S Bernard, MSc PhD Cape Town
(Oceanography, CSIR)
J Huggett, MSc PhD Cape Town
(Biological Sciences, DEA)
P B Hulley, PhD Cape Town
(Biological Sciences)
L Hutchings, Hon Prof Cape Town
(Biological Sciences)
K Hutchings, BSc (Hons) PhD Cape
Town (Biological Sciences)
B Paterson, BSc (Hons) Natal PhD
Cape Town
J Hermes, BSc (Hons) PhD Cape Town
(Oceanography)
T Lamont, BSc (Hons) PhD Cape Town
(Oceanography)
S Thomalla BSc (Hons) PhD Cape
Town (Oceanography)
O Maury France (Oceanography, IRD)
F Marsac France (Oceanography, IRD)
Y Shin France (Biological Sciences,
IRD)
G Pitcher BSc (Hons) Natal PhD Cape
Town (Biological Sciences, DAFF)
T Samaai BSc (Hons) IC London PHD
UWC (Biological Sciences, DEA)
C Savage MSc Cape Town PhD
Stockholm (Biological Sciences)
C van der Lingen MSc Rhodes PhD
Cape Town (Biological Sciences,
DAFF)
S Swart BSc (Hons) PhD Cape Town
(Oceanography)
H Verheye MSc Ghent PhD Cape Town
(Biological Sciences, DEA)
D Yemane MSc Asmara PhD Cape
Town (Biological Sciences, DAFF)
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Governance
The Ma-Re Institute’s Board (Table 3) functions as an informed advisor to Ma-Re to assist it in successfully
meeting its aims. The Board advises on strategy and direction and ensures sound management of Ma-Re in its
financial and administrative activities. A Steering Committee (Table 3) provides input and advice on implementing strategic objectives of Ma-Re.
Table 3: Current membership of the Ma-Re Institute Board and Steering Committee
Ma-Re Advisory Board 2014
Ex-officio members: Chair: Prof. Danie Visser (DVC Research), Deputy Chair: Prof. Anton le Roex (Dean of
Science), Ma-Re Director: A/Prof. Coleen Moloney/ Dr Lynne Shannon.
UCT Members: Prof. John Bolton (Biological Sciences), A/Prof. Lesley Green (Social Anthropology), Prof. Charles
Griffiths (Biological Sciences), A/Prof. Astrid Jarre (SARChI Chair), Prof. Mark New (ACDI), Prof. Chris Reason (Oceanography),
Prof. Frank Shillington (Nansen-Tutu Centre), Dr M Sienaert (Research Office), A/Prof. Merle Sowman (EGS), Emeritus Prof. J
Field (Oceanography), Prof. Jan Glazewski (Law)
External members: Prof. Geoff Brundrit, Dr Angus Paterson (SAIAB), Dr Neville Sweijd (ACCESS), Dr Linda Makuleni (SAWS),
Dr Johann Augustyn (Independent), Dr Francis Marsac (ICEMASA).
Ma-Re Steering Committee
A/Prof. Coleen Moloney (Chair), Mr Emlyn Balarin, A/Prof. John Compton, Emeritus Prof. John Field, Prof. Charles Griffiths,
Dr Juliet Hermes, Hon. Prof. Larry Hutchings, A/Prof. Astrid Jarre, Dr Francis Marsac, Dr Frank Matose, Dr Deena Pillay, Prof.
Tony Leiman, Ms Pavs Pillay, Prof. Chris Reason, Dr Mathieu Rouault, Dr Lynne Shannon, Prof. Frank Shillington,
Dr Neville Sweijd.
Ma-Re BASICS Programme
Ma-Re BASICS Project overview: “Marine multi-scale data and models: the key to predicting climate
variability in Africa and its biological and social consequence”
The flagship project of Ma-Re over the past five years has been the Ma-Re BASICS project (Ma-Re BASICS (Marine Research in the Benguela and Agulhas Systems for Interdisciplinary Climate Change Science). The project
has come to an end, having been funded from a number of sources, in particular the Vice Chancellor’s strategic
initiative fund, since the middle of 2010. BASICS acted as a network of research across multiple disciplines at
UCT, providing an umbrella for diverse projects on marine social and ecological systems and extending across
different departments and faculties. Interdisciplinary collaboration was central to achieving the goals of BASICS,
providing deeper understanding across disciplines than would be achieved in its absence.
The project’s broad research goal was to understand marine climate variability off southern Africa and its biological and social consequences. Research focussed on multi-disciplinary data collection, analysis and integration into various models, aiming to understand and predict ocean conditions (both physical and biological).
The research base successfully established across multiple disciplines through Ma-Re BASICS is forming the
foundation of several new projects and international collaborative initiatives (see Partnership & Strategic Collaborations section, p20). As the project has been completed and previously reported on, here we focus on the
subsequent synthesis work that has been undertaken since formal completion of the project in 2013.
Blamey et al. (2015) published a comprehensive paper reviewing temporal and spatial shifts (ecosystem
change) in the southern Benguela, and the oceanographic, climatic, ecological and anthropogenic
processes that underlie these observed changes. Fishing is attributed a role in the observed declines of several
stocks, with environmental change adding to these effects, for example in the case of west coast rock lobster. In
most cases, changes in resource abundance or spatial distribution occurred in the 1980s/1990s.
There has been eastward expansion of cool-water species such as kelps, rock lobster and pelagic fish, whereas
warm-water species such as the brown mussel have retracted their distributional range in line with suggested
cooling of inshore waters along the south-west coast since the 1980s. Ocean temperature, wind and upwelling
data for the Cape Peninsula and south-west coast region pointed to this cooling. Basic surveys and monitoring
studies are required for continued tracking of ecosystem changes. The complex interactive effects of multiple
drivers of ecosystem change in the southern Benguela, a system characterised by high variability, begs further
modelling studies.
In the coastal oceans surrounding South Africa, the phytoplankton component of the oceanic food web is of interest for a number of reasons. The unique physical oceanography of the region creates contrasting phytoplankton dynamics around the coastline, which form the base of diverse and economically important ecosystems.
Assessing this variability provides the scientific understanding necessary to underpin management of aquacul7
in a changing climate. This paper reviews the scientific literature with
regard to this variability, with a particular focus on the methods used for
in situ and satellite based monitoring, and modelling techniques. Critical
analysis of these methods is offered, with a particular focus on sources of
uncertainty resulting from sampling techniques, measurement methods,
data processing and model parameterisations and assumptions. It is hoped
that this review will offer a starting point from which further advances can
be made to improve these methods and an informative reference for interdisciplinary research seeking to use such data.
This paper takes the techniques developed in Evers-King et al. (2014) and
applies them to the MERIS satellite ocean colour archive for the southern
Benguela. From the results, a number of case studies are selected to assess
the utility of these methods for understanding Harmful Algal Bloom dynamics in this economically important region. Chlorophyll a concentrations
are resolved across a much wider range of bloom conditions than can be
achieved through use of standard products, and are more consistent with
in situ measurements. In addition, the results provide an estimate of cell
size, aiding understanding of bloom formation and identification of type.
Previously unseen interannual variability is identified in both the chlorophyll a concentration and cell size products. Further improvement to methods are suggested to improve the accuracy of products, including suitable
constraint of the numerical methods used.
Ma-Re, and the BASICS project in particular, provided a common identity
for staff and postgraduate students in marine science at UCT. Ma-Re’s
active research capacity is reflected in its outstanding publication record:
in 2014 there were 78 publications in which Ma-Re was formally listed in
authors’ affiliations, accounting for over half the marine-related
publications emanating from UCT last year. Many of these publications
arose out of or in association with activities encouraged under the BASICS
programme.
1. Blamey, L.K., Shannon, L.J., Bolton, J.J., Crawford, R.J.M., Dufois, F., EversKing, H., Griffiths, C.L., Hutchings, L., Jarre, A., Rouault, M., Watermeyer,
K.E., Winker, H. 2015. Ecosystem change in the southern Benguela and the
underlying processes. Journal of Marine Systems 144: 9-29.
2. Evers-King, H., Pitcher, G., Williamson, R., Lamont, T., Smith, M.,
Moloney, C., Bernard, S., Atkins, F. (in prep.) Assessing the spatial-temporal
variability of phytoplankton biomass in South African waters.
Ma-Re Affiliations
African Climate and Development Initiative
(ACDI)
The ACDI represents the climate research portal to UCT, with Ma-Re
covering many (but not all) of the parts related to the marine environment
(as well as other aspects not related directly to climate research). There is a
positive and supportive relationship
between the ACDI and Ma-Re, which
nonetheless can be developed further.
The two groups have obvious synergies, and
there is great potential to increase interactions among the Masters students. The Ma-Re
director is a member of ACDI’s Steering
Committee and the ACDI pro-Vice Chancellor
is a member of Ma-Re’s Advisory Board.
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Marine Research Groupings
South African Research Chair in Marine Ecology and Fisheries
The Chair in Marine Ecology and Fisheries (Associate Prof. Jarre) is hosted by the Department of Biological
Sciences but operates under the Ma-Re umbrella. A number of research contracts developing from Chair activities are administered by Ma-Re. Ma-Re provides limited management support to this chair, which is
currently in its second five-year cycle (2014-2017), focusing on three research themes: (i) transdisciplinary
research into marine social-ecological systems under global change, (ii) ecosystem modelling for Management
Strategy Evaluation and (iii) decision support methodology, including indicators and mediated modelling.
The group, which is supported through the SARChI grant and additional funding from the CEC, the AW
Mellon Foundation and the Belmont Forum, currently consists of five staff (two senior researchers, one
project manager and two research assistants, one part-time), three postdoctoral researchers, six PhD candidates
and three Masters students. Co-supervision is being carried out with UCT’s School of Economics, Wageningen
University (Netherlands), Memorial University (Newfoundland, Canada), Vancouver Island University (British
Columbia, Canada), as well as with scientists from DAFF: Fisheries. The group is very proud of progress achieved
in transdisciplinary research, carried out in both the first and third research themes, which included the
graduation of Dr Marieke Norton with a PhD thesis increasing our understanding around fisheries
compliance in South Africa.
Similarly, two PhD projects contributing to the second theme were completed, which focussed on ecosystem
modelling with relevance for management of the small pelagic and demersal trawl fisheries, respectively.
Outstanding results were achieved in the third theme, with an additional PhD project finalised which includes
an evaluation of social learning in the implementation of an ecosystem approach to fisheries in the SA small
pelagics fishery, graduation of a MSc student, and, additionally, a number of major articles in very well-respected international journals (Marine Ecology Progress Series, Journal of Marine Systems, Fisheries Oceanography).
The group is also very proud of the critical input it provided to ascertain the continuation of the areas closure
experiment (to purse seine fishing) around breeding colonies of African penguins. Members of the group also
contributed to two regional and three high-profile international conferences, and provide leadership to a global
working group.
ICEMASA
The 2nd phase of ICEMASA started in 2014 after a positive evaluation of the first 4-year phase in 2013. One
important milestone in 2014 has been the strategic scientific workshop jointly organized by ICEMASA, NansenTutu Centre (NTC) and Ma-Re, from 7 to 10 April 2014. It gathered over 80 participants, several of them from
Europe. It was a very fruitful forum to plan long-term activities for the next five years, especially with respect to
European funding opportunities in the Horizon 2020 framework. Another important activity was to promote
the ICEMASA partnership at the European level, through the ESASTAP Plus program aiming to strengthen
scientific cooperation between Europe and South Africa. The ICEMASA Director participated in two meetings in
Brussels (14 Jan 2014) and Athens (1-2 Apr 2014) with DST of South Africa.
A proposal was submitted for the ESASTAP “twinning activities” call and funding was granted to organize a seminar in Cape Town at UCT (December 2014), which contributed to finalizing an H2020 proposal with European
partners (SA, France and Germany). This proposal (Voyage, p24) falls under the Marie Curie ITN call (International Training Network). It is designed to support a student exchange program (with 14 PhD bursaries) between 9
institutions (including UCT and Ma-Re) of 6 countries (7 EU, SA and Chile) in the area of oxygen variability in marine ecosystems and climate change. ICEMASA was also part of a consortium in another H2020 proposal (MUSE:
Multidisciplinary Studies of Earth Ecosystems), gathering 13 partners of 9 countries (7 EU + SA + Morocco).
Decisions for these proposals are still pending. In terms of training, ICEMASA researchers delivered 130 hours of
lectures and hands-on sessions for Honours and Masters students, and organized the 4th Winter School on
End-to-end modelling (6-17 Oct 2014) with 13 students. The co-badging program was pursued and expanded
with a new agreement signed in March 2014 between UCT and University of Montpellier, for
ecology subjects.
Four PhD theses with ICEMASA co-supervision were submitted in 2014, and another 6 are expected for submission in 2015. Ten staff were posted in Cape Town in 2014 (9 researchers, 1 computer engineer), however the staff
will be reduced in 2015 (3 departing in August and 2 arriving in June and October) before new postings are set
up in 2016. ICEMASA is also working closely with UCT/Ma-Re and NTC to establish an international
institute of marine sciences for Africa that would ensure a long-term commitment of partner institutions way
beyond the on-going ICEMASA and NTC ventures.
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Marine Research Groupings
contd
Nansen-Tutu Centre
Together with the Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre
(Bergen, Norway), Ma-Re played a central role in the formation of the
Nansen Tutu Centre for Marine Environmental Research in 2010. The Centre
is a joint venture agreement between signatory partners from South Africa,
Norway and the United States, and is hosted by Ma-Re and the Department of Oceanography at the University of Cape Town. Signatory partners
from South Africa include Ma­-Re and the Department of Oceanography
(University of Cape Town), the Applied Centre for Climate and Earth System
Studies (ACCESS), the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
– Earth Observation research group, the South African Environmental
Observation Network (SAEON), and the International Centre for Education,
Marine and Atmospheric Sciences over Africa (ICEMASA). Signatory partners from Norway include the Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing
Centre (NERSC) and the Nansen Scientific Society of Bergen and, from the
USA, the Geosciences Department at Princeton University.
The extension of the joint venture for 3 years (Phase II) was initiated in
July 2013, with seed funding commitments from NERSC and the Nansen
Scientific Society. Additional funding for projects is applied for externally,
notably from South African and Norwegian funding bodies, bilateral funding agreements, the European Union’s Framework Programmes, space
agencies, industry and private sponsors. In 2014 the Centre’s total budget
was ±3.4 million ZAR, of which ±2.5 million ZAR was raised through project proposals to the NRF, DST, the Water Research Commission, EU FP7
projects and the South Africa – Norway Research Cooperation (SANCOOP).
The SANCOOP project is a joint project between Ma-Re, the Nansen-Tutu
Centre and NERSC.
In 2014, the Nansen-Tutu Centre partially or fully funded 11 persons, including 3 MSc students, 3 PhD students, 2 Post-doctoral research fellows,
as well as partially funding Prof Frank Shillington (co-director), Dr Björn
Backeberg (co-director) and A/Prof Mathieu Rouault (Research director).
With logistical support provided by Ma-Re, the Nansen-Tutu Centre
co-hosted / organized 2 summer schools and 2 workshops. NTC staff and
associates were involved in the co­-supervision of Honours, MSc and PhD
students registered at the University of Cape Town and the University of
Bergen, as well as teaching in the Department of Oceanography’s undergraduate and post­graduate programmes, the Applied Marine Science
MSc programme and the African Climate and Development Initiative MSc
Programme.
Finally, through the Nansen-Tutu Centre Exchange Scholarship
programme, four international research exchanges were facilitated, three
to the Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre in Bergen,
Norway, and one semester exchange to the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil,
made possible though the Memorandum of Understanding between UCT
and the University of Sao Paulo.
Dr Issufo Halo, a postdoctoral fellow at the NTC,
was awarded a POGO fellowship. The fellowship
is designed to promote training and capacity
building leading towards a global observation
scheme for the oceans, and is aimed at scientists,
technicians, graduate students (PhD) and postdoctoral fellows involved in oceanographic work
at centres in developing countries and countries
with economies in transition. Priority is given to applicants in early stages
of career development. The fellowship offers the opportunity to visit other
oceanographic centres for a short period (1 to 3 months) for training on
any aspect of oceanographic observations, analyses, and interpretation. Dr
Halo will be travelling to Norway in 2015 to visit the Nansen Environmental
and Remote Sensing Centre.
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Environmental and Geographical Sciences (EGS)
The Environmental Evaluation Unit (EEU) is no longer operating as an independent Unit. Members of the EEU
like Dr Rachel Wynberg (now a SARCHi chair) and Dr Serge Raemaekers (now a lecturer) have been integrated
into the Department of Environmental and Geographical Sciences as new appointments and are working under
the banner of EGS. A group of researchers focuses mainly on coastal and small-scale fisheries management /
governance, including 12 postgraduate students and 3 postdoctoral fellows.
Southern Ocean Carbon-Climate Observatory (SOCCO)
SOCCO (www.socco.org.za) is an inter-disciplinary South African born ocean - atmosphere science programme,
in support of the Global Change Grand Challenge and the Marine and Antarctic Research Strategy of the
Department of Science and Technology. It uses the challenging problems in the role of the Southern Ocean in
21st century regional and global climate, particularly its role in the global carbon-climate links, to attract
excellent young South Africans to acquire advanced numerical, technological and problem analysis skills in
support of a transformed knowledge based economy. It also builds science through partnerships with local and
international leaders to strengthen the visibility and contribution of South Africa’s science and impact as a
leading global citizen with clear commitment to ocean and climate stewardship.
CSIR - Earth Observation (EO)
The CSIR-Earth Observation research group seeks to provide world-class remote sensing for natural resources,
providing comprehensive remote sensing and GIS support, specifically in terms of hyperspectral, structural,
and multi-temporal sensing, as well as spatial modelling support, principally to the CSIR but also to its research
partners and the general research community. The Earth Observation group conducts basic-towards-applied
and core applied remote sensing research towards improved understanding, management, and monitoring of
natural resources. The CSIR-EO has a long history of collaboration with the Ma-Re Institute, having worked on a
number of European Commission (FP7) funded projects, including the flagship EAMNET project, which partially
funded a Post Doctoral Fellow in 2014.
In 2014, the Ma-Re Institute, in conjunction, with the CSIR-EO, co-ordinated three international science meetings: i) the IOCCG-19 Committee Meeting held in Simons town, South Africa from 28 - 30 January 2014 (11 local
and 28 international delegates); ii) the 15th Science Team Meeting (G-XV) of the Group for High Resolution Sea
Surface Temperature (GHRSST) Science Team 2-6 June 2014 at the Two Oceans Aquarium and UCT Graduate
School of Business (8 local and 53 international delegates); iii) the 3rd meeting of the CEOS SST Virtual Constellation (SST‐VC) on 6 June 2014 at the GSB.
Dr Mark Matthews, a University of Cape Town PhD graduate and Post Doctoral
Fellow funded under the EAMNET Project, recently won the Copernicus Masters
Ideas Challenge 2014, for his idea called “CyanoLakes”. This prize was awarded
by the European Space Agency (ESA) on 24 October 2014 in Berlin. Mark’s business idea, Cyanolakes, is a public information and warning service for cyanobacterial blooms using Earth observation. Cyanolakes is the first service able
to distinguish harmful cyanobacteria from other algae and sets an example of
how to take research findings to commercial services.
Institute of Marine and Environmental Law (IMEL)
The Institute of Marine and Environmental Law is currently housed within the Department of Public Law (Faculty of Law) at the University of Cape Town. It is the oldest and largest dedicated grouping of marine and environmental law scholars in Africa. It has four permanent academic staff: Professors Glazewski, the current Director,
Loretta Feris, and Alexander (“Sandy”) Paterson as well as lecturer Ms Michaela Young. The IMEL is affiliated to
Ma-Re. Prof. Glazewski is a deputy director of Ma-Re and Emeritus Prof. Derry Devine, who is a former Director of
IMEL, lectures in the Applied Marine Science Masters Course. Ma-Re and IMEL have jointly hosted and facilitated
working groups on marine governance and policy issues.
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Education and Training
Postdoctoral fellows and Postgraduate
students
In 2014, Ma-Re awarded full or partial bursaries to 23 postgraduate
students and postdoctoral fellows. The reduced number of students is due
in part to the BASICS programme in 2013, which had been highly successful in attracting and funding students. The distribution of funded students
across degrees indicates that most funded students are doing Masters
degrees. In 2014, 40% of postgraduate bursary and post doctoral fellowship funding was through the Nansen-Tutu Centre, 30% from Ops Ocean,
12% each from ACEP (NRF) and EAMNET and 6% from the ICEMASA
programme.The diversity of the postgraduate students funded through
Ma-Re over the past five years is approximately 10% black South African,
42% white South African, 26% from the rest of Africa and 21% from the rest
of the world. There have been equal numbers of male (49%) and female
(51%) students on average (Figure 1).
35 30 25 20 White 15 Black 10 5 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 South African African Foreign Figure 1: Diversity of students funded from 2010 - 2014
Applied Marine Science Masters Programme
The Applied Marine Science Masters degree (by coursework and dissertation) continues to be well subscribed, with an average of 30 applications
per year. From 2012 the Masters degree has been located in the
Department of Biological Sciences for university administrative purposes,
but much of the academic planning, co-ordination and communication
with potential, current and past students is carried out through Ma-Re. The
degree continues to offer coursework that straddles departments and
faculties. There were 12 students registered in 2014, selected from 37
applications. The degree attracts students from countries from around the
world (Figure 1).
Figure 2: Map showing the countries of origin of Applied Marine Science
Masters students (2002 - 2014)
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Co-Badging Degrees
Through the co-badging agreement between UCT and the University of Brest (UBO), a co-badged Masters degree was awarded to Katherine Hutchinson at the end of 2013. In 2014, UCT hosted a co-badged MSc
student from UBO, Xavier Pivant. In February 2014, a similar co-badging agreement was signed by UCT with the
University of Montpellier 2, Sciences Et Techniques and the Institut De Recherche Pour Le Developpement (IRD).
Visiting Postgraduate Students
Ma-Re hosted a number of visiting postgraduate students from other universities during 2014. During their
time in Cape Town, the students consulted with local experts, presented research seminars and interacted with
other students. Among the group of visitors were Ricardo Oliveros (PhD, end-to-end-ecosystem modeller, University of Montpellier, France, and IMARPE, Peru), Jessi Lehman (PhD, marine historian, University of Minnesota,
USA), Xavier Pivant (MSc, University of Brest, France), and Prune le Merrer and Francois Gouffier (both interns
from Agrocampus Ouest, European University of Brittany, France).
Student Bursaries
Ma-Re is very grateful for donations received from named and anonymous donors. These have been awarded as
bursaries to undergraduate students.
Ma-Re/Two Oceans Aquarium Undergraduate Bursary:
There are currently three recipients of the Ma-Re / Two Oceans Undergraduate Bursary, which is being funded
by an anonymous donor. Each bursary is worth R20 000 per year, renewable for a further two years subject
to satisfactory progress. The first award was made in 2012 to Nikki Cathcart (3rd year in 2015). Subsequently
Kirsten Barratt (2nd year in 2015) and Charne Mare (1st year in 2015) have received the award for study towards
a marine-related undergraduate science degree.
Smit Amandla Marine Bursary:
Smit Amandla Marine awarded a bursary to the value of R80 000 to a student registered in the Ocean Climate
Dynamics Masters programme - Ms Peliwe Jubase. The recipient was selected in consultation with the
Department of Environmental Affairs and Ma-Re.
Partnership for Observation of the Global Oceans (POGO) Bursary:
POGO is a forum created in 1999 by directors and leaders of major oceanographic institutions around the world
to promote global oceanography, particularly the implementation of an international and integrated global
ocean observing system. Ma-Re is a member of POGO and Emeritus Prof. John Field is the outgoing Chair. Five
Ma-Re postgraduate students from the rest of Africa have received POGO bursaries over the past 4 years (value
of USD 5000). In 2014, the recipient was a Ghanian national, Mr Senam Kofi Tsei, who has just handed in his
minor dissertation and should graduate in June 2015.
GULLS Bursary:
This is a collaborative international project (see p22), with Ma-Re and Rhodes University sharing responsibilites
for the South African aspects. There was one UCT Masters student funded: Chevon Griffiths (M. Phil., Dept of
Environmental and Geographical Sciences) and one postdoctoral fellow (Dr James Howard, Dept of Biological
Sciences).
Research Vessels
The RV Sargasso, a 14m research vessel berthed in Simons Town, became
operational in January 2014 and has been used for 14 day-trips in False Bay
during the year. An electrical winch was installed to collect real-time data from
towed underwater instruments. Thirty-five undergraduate and 20 postgraduate
students were taken on various trips. One minor-MSc dissertation resulted from
work done on Sargasso. The boat was also used by a
collaborating team of German scientists on two occasions.
The Ma-Re 1, an 8m semi-rigid inflatable, has been used for various field trip
for 3rd year, Honours and taught-Masters students. The students carried ouvarious oceanographic and biological research projects in local waters, obtaining an
introduction to ocean sampling techniques. In addition to research, the Ma-Re 1
is used on a regular basis for the training of scientific divers. The Ma-Re was also
used in the making of the Ma-Re
documentary by UCT TV.
The Sargasso and the Ma-Re I used
by staff and students for research
projects.
13
Short Courses
End to End Modelling Course
From 2011 to 2014 Ma-Re and ICEMASA have jointly hosted a short course
in End to End Ecosystem modelling, aimed at providing an overview of
how marine ecosystems are represented in models, from the physics and
the biogeochemistry of the oceans to the fish. Emphasis is placed on how
different components of marine ecosystems interact and respond to fishing and climate forcing. Since its inception, the course has been oversubscribed with a maximum of 30 participants selected per year, from various
countries around the world. In 2014, 22 participants attended the course,
including participants from Madagascar, Mozambique and Mauritius.
Multivariate Analysis Course
This two-week short course used the PRIMER software to teach participants
how to analyse multivariate data consisting of measurements of ecological communities and environmental factors. The short course is offered by
Emeritus Prof. John Field and HRAs Drs Lara Atkinson and Dawit Yemane
as part of the Applied Marine Science Masters coursework programme,
but accepts participants from the wider marine science community. In
2014 there were 25 participants from various universities and government
departments.
Biological Sampling - Tuna Nationals
Ma-Re staff and students have been actively involved in gathering biological data from fish catches during the Tuna National Fishing Championships
as part of an ongoing research project on monitoring large pelagic species,
particularly albacore (longfin) and yellowfin tuna for the past 3 years.
Students from Ma-Re sampled the catches once they were landed at the
land-based competition site, dissecting the tuna and collecting morphometric data and biological samples for aging and sexing. The sampling exercise is very intense because of the short time available to collect samples
from the recreational fishers, and Ma-Re and IRD/ICEMASA coordinated the
activities and logistics associated with the sampling site. In 2014 a Masters
student (Stewart Norman) used the data as part of his minor dissertation
and graduated in June of 2014.
Social Responsiveness
Ma-Re Outreach Programme
In 2014, the Ma-Re Institute together with the Department of
Biological Sciences, the Department of Oceanography and the Department
of Physics hosted10 schools (415 learners) in its outreach and education
programmes. These programmes were interactive, hands-on presentations
and activities were geared toward getting learners interested in science
and marine science and considering careers in marine science.
An additional 15 scholars from a range of schools and grades were hosted
by Ma-Re and the Department of Biological Sciences as job shadows,
during which time they were given the opportunity to join Ma-Re students
on field trips and aboard the Ma-Re 1 vessel.
Learners from the Children for a Better Future Foundation
handling live marine animals
14
Sci-Fest Africa 2014
Ma-Re staff and students took part in the
Annual Sci-Fest Africa event in Grahamstown in 2014. The Ma-Re stand was visited
by over 9000 learners during the week-long
festival. The Ma-Re stand comprised a large
walk-in DiscoverSea Tent, where learners
could watch a 3D movie of footage taken
by baited, remote underwater video cameras deployed in False Bay. The footage
included close-up coverage of great white sharks in the bay. A record-breaking number of 68000 learners
attended the festival.
.
LearnOnLine - Ma-Re Students take honours!
Ma-Re students Hayley Evers-King (right) and Marie Smith(left) from the Department of
Oceanography were among the winners of the 2013/2014 LearnEO! Lesson writing
competition and received their prizes at ESA in Frascati, Italy. Their lesson looked at the
“Detection of harmful algal blooms in coastal waters: examples using ocean colour radiometry from the southern Benguela upwelling system. The jury said: “This is a great lesson
with some good imagery and quite ambitious exercises. Probably more advanced than
others in scope. As a result, the lesson takes a fair amount of time, but the results are well
worth the effort”.
Ma-Re Movie and DEA Career DVD
In collaboration with the Department of Film Studies and UCT TV, Ma-Re was awarded an opportunity to
have a film documentary made about the Institute, the Ma-Re networks, marine researchers and students.
The 6-minute film, called “All things salty!”, showcased marine science at UCT. The YouTube video has been
downloaded and used as a career resource at schools. To date, the video has had over 217 views on
YouTube and over 50 off the Ma-Re website. This video was viewed by the Communications section of the
Department of Environmental Affairs and, as a result, Ma-Re staff were invited to participate in the making of
a career DVD on marine science, fisheries (in terms of food security) and careers in marine science. This DVD
will be distributed nation-wide to all schools and will not only market marine science but also UCT. This DVD
will be made available to careers offices at other universities.
The video can be viewed at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J9nEiRdr44E
UCT - Open Day
More than 1500 parents and young people attended the annual UCT Open Day, with Ma-Re assisting the
Departments of Biological Sciences and Oceanography to provide information about careers in marine
science and applying to UCT.
DEA Agulhas II RV - Open Day
Ma-Re representatives and students participated in the Agulhas II RV open day. The day is dedicated to educating people about marine research. The Ma-Re students were given the opportunity to talk to the public
about how data are collected for their research projects.
Festo Biomimicry Competition
In August 2014, students from UCT and CPUT entered a biomimicry competition sponsored by South African
and Germany companies. The objective was to use biomimicry, a relatively new field of sustainable design
and technology, to create a design and prototype to harvest water from air. Over 80 students entered and
from the six teams in the finals, The Hydrators from UCT were the winners. This team consisted of Ma-Re
postgraduates Andrea Plos and Saachi Sadchatheeswaran, industrial design student Mikael Wertheim
Aymes, EGS postgraduate student Rene Schieritz, Biological Sciences student Allison Midgely and Chemical
Engineering student Kevin Wu. Their design, named the Hydrator Toolkit, incorporated biomimetic principals
that borrowed from the Venus fly trap, cheetah paw grip and strength-in-numbers behaviour exhibited by
colonial insects like ants. The prototype was produced using 3D printing. It and the five other finalist prototypes have been flown to Germany and will be featured at various industrial design and water fairs over the
coming year.
15
Communication
Ma-Re Website
The Ma-Re website is still the most effective tool for marketing and promoting Ma-Re, the Applied Marine Science Masters degree, Ma-Re facilities (such as the Ma-Re boats and sampling equipment) and other events
and activities. Full use is being made of the website capabilities, such as
online form functions and having a Google calendar linked to the events
feature, as well as a Ma-Re doodle form and the Ma-Re blog. From January
to December 2014, 78% of the visitors were new/unique visitors while the
remaining 22% were returning visitors.
During 2014 the website had approximately 56 000 unique visitors, with
each session lasting an average of 1min:58sec. The pages most frequented
are the Applied Marine Science Masters Degree, the online forms systems
and the blog page.
The website has been optimised for major search engines such as Google,
Yahoo, Bing and the UCT main site, and it serves as an important portal to
marine research at UCT. When using Google and common keywords and
phrases (such as marine science, marine biology, applied marine science,
ocean), the Ma-Re website ranks as the first and second hits on the search
engine listing.
Networking to Promote
Interdisciplinarity
Ma-Re Forum
Ma-Re usually hosts two forums per year. In 2014, only one forum was
hosted because the Southern African Marine Science Symposium was held
in July 2014 in Stellenbosch. The Ma-Re Forums showcase topical marine research being conducted at UCT and affiliated organisations. Ma-Re
postgraduate students contributed to more than 50% of the presentations
given at the forums. The November 2014 forum focussed on Ancient Mariners. The forum was attended by 64 students and staff from a number of
affiliated institutions. Speaker Prof Marcello Vichi enthralled the audience
with a talk on how density measurements were made in the Bosphorus
(1679-1680) by Luigi Ferdinando Marsili. Marsili is known as the father of
modern oceanography in the 19th century (Appendix I).
Prof Vere Shannon took the audience back in time via an historic photographic slide show of the voyages of a research vessel (captained by his
father) down to the Antarctic ice, including the old whaling stations in the
Southern Ocean. Prof Michael Orren showed how marine chemistry and
other marine disciplines are researchers attempts to unravel the
intricate workings of the global oceans. He mentioned that earlier in his
career “wet” chemistry was all that was available to researchers and
computer modelling was not even a thought (Appendix II).
L-R: Prof’s Michael Orren, Marcello Vichi
and Vere Shannon
16
Seminars, workshops and summer schools
Ma-Re Chatties:
Chatties are held at lunchtime most Thursdays.These were presented by postgraduate students as a means
of sharing information about their research and soliciting expert advice and guidance. Some of the presentations described research proposals at the beginning of a project, with the aim of avoiding costly or
time-consuming errors by input at the planning stages. Others were “practice” presentations for conferences,
using the opportunity for critical checking of the lengths of presentations, content, clarity and likely questions (Appendix III).
Ma-Re/SANCOR Seminars:
Ma-Re and SANCOR together hosted and co-organised weekly research seminars, usually in the seminar
room of the Oceanography Department. The seminars were delivered by Ma-Re affiliated researchers, postgraduate students, honorary research associates and visiting researchers and fellows. The collaboration with
SANCOR has been ongoing for 12 years. In 2014 there were 21 seminars, many of which were video-conferenced to centres in the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu Natal (Appendix IV).
Nansen Tutu Centre Summer School: The Nansen Tutu Summer School on Ocean, Climate and Marine Ecosystems was held at the University of Cape Town from 1- 8 December 2014 and was hosted by the NansenTutu Centre for Marine Environmental
Research. Sponsors included the FP7
PREFACE project, the Norwegian RESCLIM project, the German SACUS/SPACES
project, CLIVAR, The Nansen Scientific
Society and the Nansen-Tutu Centre.
Among various topics, it focused on the
Agulhas Current, the Benguela upwelling
system, the tropical Atlantic. It dealt
with field observations, satellite remote
sensing, modelling and climatology.
Thirty-two students from Europe and Africa attended lectures given by 25 African
and European scientists. Students came
from Angola, Cameroon, China, Democratic Republic of the Congo, France,
Germany, Ivory Coast, Madagascar,
Mauritius, Namibia, Norway, South Africa,
Spain and The Netherlands. Social activities facilitated interactions among students and scientists, who were
all accommodated under the same roof at the All Africa House on campus.
Over the weekend, the group visited Robben Island and undertook a day trip around the Cape Peninsula all
the way to the Cape of Good Hope. One of the highlights was observing 3 minutes of silence to commemorate the anniversary of the death of President Nelson Mandela in 2013. Lectures, the program and photos are
available on the summer school web site at http://mathieurouault6.wix.com/nansentutusummer
Ma-Re Student Networks (FishNet, FaceBook, Blog and Twitter):
FishNet, a transdiciplinary discussion group, was founded in 2012 to create a casual forum for Ma-Re
postgraduate students and postdoctoral fellow’s to share their work and experience in fisheries research.
FishNet has brought together students from diverse disciplinary backgrounds, including applied mathematics, physical oceanography, marine biology, social anthropology, economics and environmental science.
During 2014, FishNet continued to meet twice a month, covering various topics and offering support to the
group’s postgrads heading to conferences and presenting project proposals during the year.
The Ma-Re FaceBook Group (Ma-Re_UCT_Students) currently has 259 members from 26 different countries,
consisting of students and postdocs in varied marine-related fields and institutes. The Ma-Re Twitter and
BLOG accounts have also been active and currently hold several trends regarding topical issues. These serve
as forums for debate and discussion on controversial marine issues.
The Ma-Re Twitter (@MARE_UCT) account has 206 followers and 422 tweets. The students use this form of
social media when attending conferences, meetings and seminars to keep people up to date and included in
the discussions. Similarly, the Ma-Re Blog page (http://ma-re.uct.ac.za/blog/) is active, with discussion rooms
and trends and is one of the most active social media communication forums.
17
Conferences and Business
Meetings
POGO Annual Meeting 2014
Partnership for Observation of the Global Oceans (POGO) Annual Meeting
2014: The 15th Annual Meeting of POGO was held in Hobart,
Tasmania, Australia from 21-24 January 2014. The hosts were the CSIRO
Marine Division and the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS)
of the University of Tasmania. POGO consists of the directors of the main
marine research institutes around the world, and includes an active news
and information group. It was attended by John Field (chair of POGO) and
Pavs Pillay from Ma-Re. Travel costs of attending the meeting were shared
by Ma-Re, SAEON and ACCESS, with additional funding from UCT. The news
and information group (NIG) meeting focussed on how best to market
POGO to government agencies and research institutes. The meeting
included the planning of the Magellan voyage anniversary which involves
retracking Magellan’s journey.
International Ocean Colour Coordinating Grp.
The Ma-Re Institute, in conjunction with the CSIR-EO, hosted the IOCCG-19
Committee Meeting, held in Simonstown, South Africa from 28 - 30
January 2014 (11 local and 28 international delegates).
Group for High Resolution Sea Surface
Temperature and CEOS SST Virtual
Constellation
The Ma-Re Institute, in conjunction with the CSIR-EO, co-ordinated the
15th Science Team Meeting (G-XV) of the Group for High Resolution Sea
Surface Temperature (GHRSST) from 2-6 June 2014 at the Two Oceans
Aquarium and UCT Graduate School of Business (8 local and 53 international delegates) and the 3rd meeting of the CEOS SST Virtual Constellation
(SST‐VC) on 6 June 2014 at the GSB.
Intergovernmental Ocean Commission (IOC)
The Second International Research Conference was held in Barcelona in
November 2014. Two Ma-Re representatives attended the wide-ranging
conference and side workshops that focussed on international cooperation
leading to the evolution of ocean science over the past two decades. The
event provided a stimulating forum for scientific debate around contentious issues currently facing ocean science. Ma-Re co-convened a workshop on advances in the use and understanding of ecosystem indicators,
which highlighted the importance of developing a scientific community
focused on indicators, assessments and environmental reporting. A community such as this would establish best practices facilitate sharing of
knowledge and methodology, and enable patterns and trends to be identified by comparing different ecosystems. The conference was arranged and
hosted by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO
(IOC-UNESCO), together with the Oceanography Society and the Fundació
Navegació Oceànica Barcelona.
Strategic Planning Workshop
The need for a common vision and focus for Ma-Re was identified given
the increasing number of requests for collaboration by UCT scientists in
various international marine research projects and programmes. In June
2014, representatives of the marine research community at UCT who serve
on the Ma-Re Steering Committee held a brain storming session to assist
with drafting a science plan for Ma-Re. This was further developed at a sub18
The document serves as a point of reference from which marine researchers at UCT can channel their research
collaboration. It is recognised that there are many research projects and programmes already happening at
UCT and that the Ma-Re Science Plan should “add value” to these by providing links, coherence and a broader,
synthetic framework. The emphasis is to build on existing strengths rather than focus on gaps, although some
of these gaps were also discussed and could lead to new research directions. For linkages and partnerships outside UCT, it is also recognised that we need to look outwards “zonally” (to the north) and also “meridionally” (to
the east and west). Six broad themes emerged from these preliminary discussions, namely Theme 1. Biophysical interactions at the mesoscale; Theme 2. Fisheries and food security; These 3. Human Dimensions of Fishing;
Theme 4. Education and Training; Theme 5. Project management with partners; Theme 6. Social responsiveness.
These key topics are serving as research foci as and when Ma-Re is approached to partner with or contribute to
various new international initiatives.
Southern African Marine Science Symposium (SAMSS)
Stellenbosch University hosted the 15th Southern African Marine Science Symposium. The symposium was
attended by 484 participants of which 181 were students. 220 orals and 165 posters were presented. Over 402
abstract submissions were received, highlighting the popularity of the conference. The Ma-Re community was
well represented with 5 staff members serving on the scientific committee and an additional 47 students and
19 UCT academic staff attending the conference. A well-attended public lecture evening was hosted on 16 July.
Speakers were Prof George Branch (Ma-Re, UCT) and Dr Kerry Sink (SANBI). Lynne Shannon gave one of the four
plenary lectures at the symposium, speaking on “Trophic level-based indicators to track fishing impacts across
marine ecosystems”.
The following prestigious triennial medals and awards were presented at the symposium gala dinner to recognize top achievers in marine science:
The Gilchrist Medal is awarded to distinguished marine scientists. The Medal serves as recognition of the recipients’ contributions to marine science, to further stimulate excellence in South African marine science, and to
focus attention on South Africa’s marine and coastal environments. Winners of the 2014 medal were Associate
Prof Coleen Moloney (Ma-Re Director) and Prof Mark Gibbons.
A new award has been added - the SANCOR Emerging Scientist Award. This award has been established to
acknowledge a new generation of scientists and to encourage research excellence in science in the marine and
coastal environment (SMCE). Three winners received this award: Dr Andrew Green, Dr Deena Pillay (Ma-Re, UCT)
and Dr Lorien Pichegru (HRA, UCT). All three candidates have made a positive impact on science in the marine
and coastal environment in South Africa in terms of the number of publications produced, students supervised,
reviewing of papers and establishing an international profile.
Ma-Re Director becomes the first
woman to win the prestigious Gilchrist
Memorial medal!
Associate Professor Coleen Moloney, Ma-Re director is the first woman
marine biologist to win the Gilchrist Medal. The medal is awarded to marine
scientists who have made excellent contributions to marine science. A/Prof
Moloney’s research into the variability of marine food webs and ecosystems under global changes and the influences of fishing and polluton on marine ecosystems was recognised by this award.
A/Prof Moloney is admired for her dedication and commitment to her research and her students and fellow colleagues. She has supervised over 12 successful PhD’s and 23 MSc’s. She has published over 89 peer-reviewed
publications, including 2 in Science and 1 in Nature. Her leadership as the Ma-Re director and her wise counsel
has been invaluable. A/Prof Moloney’s citation laudes her as a “team player, dedicated to the promotion of marine science and the transforamtion of its national composition.”
The Ma-Re community would like to congratulate A/Prof Moloney and thank her for always working
tirelessly to keep marine science at UCT and the Ma-Re institute moving onwards and upwards.
19
Partnerships and Strategic
Collaborations
MoU: Plymouth Marine Laboratory, United Kingdom
Ma-Re has an existing MOU with Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML) and
PML Applications Ltd (United Kingdom, 2011-2014).
MoU: University of Sao Paolo, Brazil
In 2013 an MOU was signed with the Institute Oceanografico da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil. This MOU seeks to promote academic
cooperation between UCT and the University of Sao Paolo in the area of
oceanography, including the development and application of observing
technology, methods and science.
MoU: University of British Columbia, Canada
An MOU has been signed with the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. This MOU, which extends for 7 years started in January
2014, seeks to build a network of ocean researchers and practitioners from
academia, government, non-government organizations, First Nations and
other communities and industry.
Informal Agreement: University of Victoria, Canada
During 2012 Ma-Re set up an informal agreement with the Geography
Dept., University of Victoria, Canada, promoting joint funding applications,
external examiners, student and post-doctoral exchange, and faculty staff
exchange.
Informal Agreement: Korea Maritime Institute, South Korea
The Ma-Re Institute has an informal agreement with the Department of
Global Fisheries Research (DGF) of the Korea Maritime Institute, Republic
of Korea. The purpose of this agreement is to promote joint research on
marine and fisheries issues.
Multinational Agreements and Activities: AfriCOG
Ma-Re became a founding member in 2013 of AfriCOG. This is a pan-African networking centre, primarily hosted by academic/research institutes
but with close affiliations to government organisations (at both the
national and regional level) as well as other non-governmental organisations and the private sector. In August 2014 a funding application was
submitted by AfriCOG to the Global Environmental Facility Trust Fund. This
application was supported by NEPAD. Ma-Re is one of 22 partner organisations listed in the five-year funding application (US$ 8.5 million), with
proposed contributions taking the form of training activities.
Multinational Agreements and Activities: EuroMarine+
EuroMarine is a European, marine science network that was launched in
2014. EuroMarine has 66 founding member organisations from 22
countries, 55 of which are ‘full voting’ members contributing to the yearly
budget, and 11 invited members who can participate in meetings and
activities. Ma-Re is the only signatory from Africa invited to join the
consortium. It is a bottom-up organisation designed to give voice to the
entire European marine scientific community.
Multinational Agreements and Activities: Global Ocean Commission (GOC)
The GOC published its report: “From Decline to Recovery: A Rescue Package for the Global Ocean” during June 2014. The Commission had been established in early 2013 and was an international independent body tasked
with formulating politically and technically feasible recommendations to
address key issues facing high seas. It was co-chaired by then Minister in
the Office of the Presidency, Trevor Manuel. Ma-Re assisted the Commission staff to make contact with relevant persons and organisations during
their first meeting in Cape Town in 2013. Prof. Jan Glazewski was invited by
Minister Trevor Manuel to be one of six reference persons to assist him in
his position as co-Chair. He drew on a number of Ma-Re members to feed
in recommendations to the Commission through the Minister.
20
Multinational Research Projects: IndiSeas
Ma-Re continues to play an active role in the international IndiSeas Working Group through its
co-chair, Lynne Shannon, who works closely with Yunne Shin from one of Ma-Re’s key international partners, namely IRD in France. The working group assesses and communicates the
status of fished marine ecosystems in a comparative context using ecosystem indicators. A
highlight in 2014 was the publication of a collaborative, comparative paper examining the
usefulness of, and necessary context required for trophic-level based indicators (survey-based, catch-based
and model-based) in capturing fishing effects (Shannon et al. 2014). In addition in 2014, South Africa contributed extensive simulations on the southern Benguela, as part of a focussed, comparative ecosystem modelling
study to assess the performance of ecological indicators in detecting and measuring fishing effects in exploited
marine ecosystems. Following this modelling initiative, a collaborative paper has been submitted on specificity
(robustness) of ecological indicators for assessing fishing effects (led by an Irish collaborator), and additional
modelling papers are in preparation on sensitivity and responsiveness of ecological indicators.
Multinational Research Projects: EMIBIOS
Funded under FRB (Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversité), this project aims to develop an innovative
end-to-end modelling approach to simulate future trajectories of marine biodiversity and associated ecosystem
services under a combination of IPCC, SRES and fisheries management scenarios in 6 marine
ecosystems (Southern Benguela, Gulf of Lions, English Channel, Adriatic Sea, Gulf of Gabes and
Northern Humboldt). The end-to-end models will ensure integration of the main components
of the marine ecosystems from the physics, biogeochemistry and exploited fish species up
to the fisheries and associated management and socio-economic contexts, while taking into
account feedbacks within the environment-human system. The project relies on tight, multidisciplinary collaboration, ensuring the challenging coupling between pre-existing and validated disciplinary
models. The relevance of a set of biodiversity indicators for supporting decision-making will be evaluated under
different scenarios of global change and fisheries management options.
Multinational Research Projects: ECOFISH
ECOFISH is a co-operative agreement between Ma-Re and the Benguela Current Commission (BCC). It involves
co-ordination and provision of professional services in the “Development of Ecological Sustainable Fisheries in
the BCLME, ECOFISH Project Work Package 3: Incorporation of Stakeholders’ Knowledge in Data Collection and
Analysis”. The project aimed to develop social and economic indicators and expert systems to
integrate a multitude of indicators into coherent assessments. It also aimed to develop methodology to include stakeholders’ experience-based knowledge into such assessments and
management, and to provide capacity building and training in the application and development of tools for an ecosystemapproach to fisheries management. In 2014, the stakeholder
workshops scheduled to be held in Benguela and Luanda were regrettably cancelled. This resulted in some
proposed amendments to the contract between the BCC and UCT and the project is now almost completed.
Research Projects: Three Anchor Bay Project
Ma-Re was contracted to provide bi-weekly monitoring of the rocky shore intertidal community structure at the
site of a pilot chlorine treatment installation to manage contaminated stormwater in Three Anchor Bay. The
project was carried out over a twelve month period in order to establish the effects of chlorine treated stormwater on the rocky intertidal community structure at the site. The work program provided by Jeffares & Green
stipulated that sampling be conducted using a quadrat positioned at the high , mid and low-shore levels along
a single transect at each site. To improve statistical rigour, the sampling program was amended to reduce sampling frequency to monthly in favour of an increased number of quadrats along multiple transects at each site.
The final report was successfully completed and submitted.
Multinational Research Projects: SANCOOP - SCAMPI
Under the SCAMPI project, operating under the SA-Norway Bilateral, interdisciplinary marine research is
underway to address different scales of variability in the oceans off southern Africa and to generate the
necessary knowledge to predict and deal with future climate change. The project spans the “Environment” and
“Climate System” thematic areas of the SANCOOP call. It builds on the already-established, strong relationships
between the University of Cape Town’s Marine Research Institute (including the Nansen-Tutu Centre) and the
Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre in Bergen, and the University of Bergen, and is cementing
previous South African-Norwegian ties with the Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis at the
University of Oslo.
Three post doctoral researchers, two Phd students, three Masters students and one Honours student are affiliated to the project via Ma-Re. Data assimilative ocean modelling and prediction systems have been evaluated
and compared independent observations in the Agulhas Current system. In April 2014, a joint South African
- Norwegian SCAMPI start-up meeting was held in Cape Town. Two symposia were highlights of the year; both
were held in Bergen and attended by several Ma-Re staff and students: the IMBER Open Science Conference
took place in June 2014, and the Hjort Symposium on recruitment dynamics and stock variability was held in
October 2014. In addition, in October and November, three South Africans undertook travel to meet with
SCAMPI colleagues in Europe to develop research collaboration.
21
Partnerships and Strategic
Collaborations
contd
Multinational Research Projects: GreenSeas
This is an FP7 project, with UCT’s input under the direction of Dr Howard
Waldron. The project aimed to provide new high-resolution, seasonal-scale
data of biomass and productivity of
key planktonic groups with
quantified uncertainties in the context of the appropriate physical and
biogeochemical information. In April 2014, the deliverables from the
Greenseas project were presented at the EGU General Assembly. Raissa
Philibert, an MSc student funded under this project presented her paper
on the “Importance of nitrification for nitrogen cycling in the Southern
Benguela Upwelling system”. There are very few studies showing nitrate
uptake and nitrification rate together in surface waters, and this study
presented the first such data for the Benguela upwelling system, which is
one of the most productive marine ecosystems. The project was brought
to a successful conclusion following a no-cost extension, with the project
ending on 30 June 2014.
Multinational Research Projects: GULLS (2013 -2016)
GULLS (2013-2016): This project, funded by the NRF (with Rhodes University as the leading
partner) under the
Belmont Forum International Opportunities Fund, took shape
during the first project
meeting in April 2014 at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, where all the
different country teams met, shared information and planned the way forward for 2014/15. Ma-Re is part of the South African team in this international consortium. The Belmont Forum is a high level group of the world’s
major and emerging funders of global environmental change research and
international science councils. The GULLS project is a legacy activity from
BASICS, using the results of that research to contribute case studies for
characterizing, assessing and predicting the future of coastal-marine food
resources to improve community adaptation efforts. The GULLS project
focuses on providing and sharing knowledge across regional “hotspots”,
which have been defined as “fast-warming marine areas and areas experiencing social tensions as a result of change.” GULLS “hotspots” include
Australia, Brazil, India, Madagascar and South Africa.
Ma-Re’s postdoctoral fellow, Dr James Howard, has been leading the
co-ordination of all the social science teams of the GULLS project, who are
primarily determining the social vulnerability of coastal communities in
each “hotspot”. To date, the team has designed a novel vulnerability
assessment survey that was common to all hotspots but allowed for contextual differences. This was piloted in August, re-worked and then applied
in multiple communities in each of the “hotspots” in the latter months of
2014. The different teams will complete the analysis of these vulnerability
assessments in the early part of 2015, in time to present the combined
findings at a conference in Brazil in March 2015. Team South Africa has
applied the social vulnerability surveys in five coastal communities in
the Southern Cape between Mossel Bay and Cape Agulhas. These social
vulnerability assessments will be linked and integrated with both local and
regional scale climate variability data and ecosystem models in 2015.
Chevon Griffiths, an EGS Masters student funded by GULLS is focussing her
dissertation on a comparison of different methods to determine vulnerability of South African coastal communities to environmental change.
The results of this work will feed into and be synthesised with the broader
GULLS work and aims.
22
Ma-Re Finances
Operating Income
Table 4: Ma-Re budget for 2014
BUDGET 2014
Income
Budget
2014
Actual
Carry Forward
R301 631
R299 557
Ma-Re Start-Up Funding from URC
R400 000
R400 000
Contract Research Running
R300 000
R297 000
Contract Research Other
R168 000
R1 013 741
TOTAL
R1 169 631
R1 013 741
HR costs
R918 584
R931 189
Website maintenance
R5 000
R682
Office Equipment and PC upgrades
R15 000
R423
Telephone rental and other monthly
charges
R11 000
R12 022
Expenditure
Stationery, Printing and Consumables R12 000
R1 890
Visiting Scientists, conference travel
R30 000
R14 432
Other (Recruitment, Meeting Costs etc)
R40 000
R2 147
POGO Membership
R48 400
R51 339
TOTAL
R1 079 984
R1 014 125
Table 5: Ma-Re budget for 2015
BUDGET 2015
Income
2015
Carry Forward
-R384
Ma-Re Start-Up Funding from URC
R400 000
Science Faculty
R200 000
Contract Research Running
R300 000
Contract Research Other
R150 000
TOTAL
R1 049 616
Expenditure
HR costs
R1 001 038
Website maintenance
R10 000
Office Equipment and PC upgrades
R20 000
Telephone rental and other monthly
charges
R15 000
Stationery, Printing and Consumables
R5000
Visiting Scientists, conference travel
R20 000
Other (Recruitment, Meeting Costs etc)
R10 000
POGO Membership
TOTAL
R0
R1 081 038
23
Ma-Re Finances
contd
Other Research Contracts
R17 184
SCAMPI
R97 000
Nansen Tutu
R100 000
EAMNET
R100 000
URC Signature Theme
R400 000
Figure 3: Sources of Ma-Re Funds
Other (Recruitment,
Meeting Costs)
R2 147
HR Costs
R931 189
Stationery Costs
R1 890
Telephone rental &
Other Monthly
Charges R12 022
Visiting Scientists
R14 432
Office Equipment &
PC Upgrages R423
Website Maintenance
R682
POGO Membership
R51 339
Figure 4: Main expenditure of Ma-Re for 2014
24
Ma-Re Finances
contd
Smit Amandla
R80 000
SAEON
R17 184
NRF: SCAMPI
R212 384
POGO
R52 314
URC
R400 000
NRF: Global
Change Workshop
R275 243
Boat
R18 900
CSIR
R104 322
Bursary
Donations
R62 000
EAMNET
R673 063
NRF: ACEP
R275 243
ECOFISH
R398 402
Nansen Tutu
R1 294 651
ICEMASA
R492 138
MEECE
R369 457
Figure 5: Gross research contract income (external sources): all revenue
managed by Ma-Re from sources other than UCT
Planned Future Activities
Joint Assembly of IAPSO and IAMAS (Sept 2017)
In August 2013 a vote of confidence for Ma-Re and DST, in conjunction with bidding partners, the South African
Weather Service and DEA, was received for their bid to host the Joint Assembly for IAMAS, IAPSO and IAGA 2017
in Cape Town, South Africa, from all three association executive committees. The CTICC has been booked for 27
August 2017 to host this conference. A minimum of 1500 scientists from all countries is anticipated to attend
these meetings. As part of the official marketing effort, the Joint Assembly will be advertised by Ma-Re and the
other bidding partners at the Prague IUGG general assembly in June 2015.
Horizon 2020 (H2020)
Ma-Re is a key partner in a French-led proposal developed and submitted under the Horizon 2020 call H2020MSCA-ITN-2015, Topic MSCA-ITN-2015-ETN “Variability of OxYGen in Marine Ecosytems and Climate Change”,
namely VOYaGE. The VOYaGE ETN project was submitted
as an Innovative Training Network for developing young
researchers in the field of predictive, regional climate-related
marine modelling.
Environmental changes and their underlying causes will be
detected, and future environmental change will be predicted
in the following systems: the Benguela upwelling system, the
Humboldt upwelling system and the Northwestern Shelf of
the Black Sea.
South Africa will contribute expertise and training in the
fields of Hypoxia and Harmful Algal Blooms, the Ecosystem
Approach to Fisheries, Ecosystem Modelling (trophic and
spatial models, niche models), prediction of regional weather and climate and remote sensing, among other
topics.
25
Publications
Marine-Related Publications
In 2014, 144 marine related research papers were published in peerreviewed journals. Seventy-nine (55%) of these articles cited Ma-Re as an
institutional affiliation.
Publications using Marine Research Institute (Ma-Re) and UCT as affiliation
address
1. Ansorge, I.J., Baringer, M.O., Campos, E.J.D., Dong, S., Fine, R.A., Garzoli, S.L., Goni, G., Meinen, C.S. et al. 2014. Basin-wide oceanographic array bridges the South Atlantic. Eos. 95(6): 53-54.
2. Ansorge, I.J., Durgadoo, J.V. & Treasure, A.M. 2014. Sentinels to climate change. The need for monitoring at South Africa’s Subantarctic laboratory. South African Journal of Science. 110(1-2): .
3. Ansorge, I.J., Jackson, J.M., Reid, K., Durgadoo, J.V., Swart, S. & Eberenz, S. 2014. Evidence of a southward eddy corridor in the south-west Indian ocean. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in
Oceanography.
4. Backeberg, B.C., Counillon, F., Johannessen, J.A. & Pujol, M.-. 2014. Assimi
lating along-track SLA data using the EnOI in an eddy resolving model of the Agulhas system. Ocean Dynamics.
5. Barlow, R., Lamont, T., Morris, T., Sessions, H. & van den Berg, M. 2014. Adaptation of phytoplankton communities to mesoscale eddies in the Mozambique Channel. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. 100106-118.
6. Béhagle, N., Du Buisson, L., Josse, E., Lebourges-Dhaussy, A., Roudaut, G. & Ménard, F. 2014. Mesoscale features and micronekton in the Mozambique Channel: An acoustic approach. Deep-Sea
Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. 100164-173.
7. Blamey, L.K., Plagányi, T.E. & Branch, G.M. 2014. Was overfishing of
predatory fish responsible for a lobster-induced regime shift in the Benguela? Ecological Modelling. 273140-150.
8. Brown, S., Nicholls, R.J., Hanson, S., Brundrit, G., Dearing, J.A., Dickson, M.E., Gallop, S.L., Gao, S. et al. 2014. Shifting perspectives on coastal impacts and adaptation. Nature Climate Change. 4(9):
752-755.
9. Camacho, O., Mattio, L., Draisma, S., Fredericq, S. & Diaz-Pulido, G. 2014. Morphological and molecular assessment of Sargassum (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) from Caribbean Colombia, including the proposal of Sargassum giganteum sp. nov., Sargassum schnetteri comb. nov. and Sargassum section Cladophyllum sect. nov. Systematics and Biodiversity.
10. Cooper, R., Leiman, A. & Jarre, A. 2014. An analysis of the structural changes in the offshore demersal hake (Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus) trawl fishery in South Africa. Marine Policy. 50(PA): 270-279.
11. Cuif, M., Kaplan, D.M., Lefèvre, J., Faure, V.M., Caillaud, M., Verley, P.,
Vigliola, L. & Lett, C. 2014. Wind-induced variability in larval
retention in a coral reef system: A biophysical modelling study in the South-West Lagoon of New Caledonia. Progress in
Oceanography. 122105-115.
12. Davis, R.W., David, J.H.M., Meÿer, M.A., Sekiguchi, K., Best, P.B., Dassis, M.
& Rodríguez, D.H. 2014. Home range and diving behaviour of Heaviside’s dolphins monitored by satellite off the west coast of South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science.
13. De Vos, L., Götz, A., Winker, H. & Attwood, C.G. 2014. Optimal BRUVs (baited remote underwater video system) survey design for reef fish monitoring in the Stilbaai Marine Protected Area. African
Journal of Marine Science. 36(1): 1-10.
14. Dixon, R.R.M., Mattio, L., Huisman, J.M., Payri, C.E., Bolton, J.J. & Gurgel, C.F.D. 2014. North meets south - Taxonomic and biogeographic
implications of a phylogenetic assessment of Sargassum subgen
era Arthrophycus and Bactrophycus (Fucales, Phaeophyceae).
Phycologia. 53(1): 15-22.
15. Domingues, R., Goni, G., Swart, S. & Dong, S. 2014. Wind forced
variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current south of Africa between 1993 and 2010. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. 119(2): 1123-1145.
26
Publications
contd
Publications using Marine Research Institute (Ma-Re) and UCT as affiliation address
16. Duggan, G.L., Green, L.J.F. & Jarre, A. 2014. ‘Thinking like a fish’: Adaptive strategies for coping with
vulnerability and variability emerging from a relational engagement with kob. Maritime Studies. 13(1): 1-21.
17. Duggan, G.L., Rogerson, J.J.M., Green, L.J.F. & Jarre, A. 2014. Opening dialogue and fostering
collaboration: Different ways of knowing in fisheries research. South African Journal of Science. 110(7-8).
18. Eriksen, M., Lebreton, L.C.M., Carson, H.S., Thiel, M., Moore, C.J., Borerro, J.C., Galgani, F., Ryan, P.G.
et al. 2014. Plastic Pollution in the World’s Oceans: More than 5 Trillion Plastic Pieces Weighing over 250,000 Tons Afloat at Sea. Plos One. 9(12).
19. Götz, A., Kerwath, S.E., Samaai, T., Da Silva, C. & Wilke, C.G. 2014. An exploratory investigation of the fish communities associated with reefs on the central Agulhas Bank, South Africa. African
Zoology. 49(2): 253-264.
20. Gray, M.M., Wegmann, D., Haasl, R.J., White, M.A., Gabriel, S.I., Searle, J.B., Cuthbert, R.J., Ryan, P.G. et al. 2014. Demographic history of a recent invasion of house mice on the isolated Island of Gough. Molecular Ecology. 23(8): 1923-1939.
21. Halo, I., Backeberg, B., Penven, P., Ansorge, I., Reason, C. & Ullgren, J.E. 2014. Eddy properties in the
Mozambique Channel: A comparison between observations and two numerical ocean circulation
models. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. 10038-53.
22. Halo, I., Penven, P., Backeberg, B., Ansorge, I., Shillington, F. & Roman, R. 2014. Mesoscale eddy
variability in the southern extension of the East Madagascar Current: Seasonal cycle, energy conversion terms, and eddy mean properties. Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans. 119(10): 7324-7356.
23. Huggett, J.A. 2014. Mesoscale distribution and community composition of zooplankton in the
Mozambique Channel. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. 100119-135.
24. José, Y.S., Aumont, O., Machu, E., Penven, P., Moloney, C.L. & Maury, O. 2014. Influence of mesoscale
eddies on biological production in the Mozambique Channel: Several contrasted
examples from a coupled ocean-biogeochemistry model. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. 10079-93.
25. Krug, M., Tournadre, J. & Dufois, F. 2014. Interactions between the Agulhas Current and the eastern
margin of the Agulhas Bank. Continental Shelf Research. 8167-79.
26. Lamont, T., Barlow, R.G. & Kyewalyanga, M.S. 2014. Physical drivers of phytoplankton production in the southern Benguela upwelling system. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. 90(1): 1-16.
27. Lamont, T., Barlow, R.G., Morris, T. & van den Berg, M.A. 2014. Characterisation of mesoscale features and phytoplankton variability in the Mozambique Channel. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. 10094-105.
28. Lebourges-Dhaussy, A., Huggett, J., Ockhuis, S., Roudaut, G., Josse, E. & Verheye, H. 2014. Zooplankton size and distribution within mesoscale structures in the Mozambique Channel: A comparative approach using the TAPS acoustic profiler, a multiple net sampler and ZooScan image analysis. Deep
Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. 100136-152.
29. Lubbe, A., Underhill, L.G., Waller, L.J. & Veen, J. 2014. A condition index for African penguin Spheniscus
demersus chicks. African Journal of Marine Science. 36(2): 143-154.
30. Lucas, A.J., Pitcher, G.C., Probyn, T.A. & Kudela, R.M. 2014. The influence of diurnal winds on phytoplankton dynamics in a coastal upwelling system off southwestern Africa. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. 10150-62.
31. Ludynia, K., Waller, L.J., Sherley, R.B., Abadi, F., Galada, Y., Geldenhuys, D., Crawford, R.J.M., Shannon, L.J. et al. 2014. Processes influencing the population dynamics and conservation of African penguins on Dyer Island, South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science. 36(2): 253-267.
32. Malauene, B.S., Shillington, F.A., Roberts, M.J. & Moloney, C.L. 2014. Cool, elevated chlorophyll-a waters off northern Mozambique. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. 10068-78.
33. Marsac, F., Barlow, R., Ternon, J.F., Ménard, F. & Roberts, M. 2014. Ecosystem functioning in the Mozambique Channel: Synthesis and future research. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography.
100212-220.
34. Martins, R.S., Roberts, M.J., Lett, C., Chang, N., Moloney, C.L., Camargo, M.G. & Vidal, E.A.G. 2014. Modelling transport of chokka squid (Loligo reynaudii) paralarvae off South Africa: Reviewing, testing and extending the ‘Westward Transport Hypothesis’. Fisheries Oceanography. 23(2): 116-131.
35.Mont eiro, M., Reino, L., Beja, P., Mills, M.S.L., Bastos-Silveira, C., Ramos, M., Rodrigues, D., Neves, I.Q. et al. 2014. The collection and database of Birds of Angola hosted at IICT (Instituto de Investigação Científica
Tropical), Lisboa, Portugal. Zookeys. 38789-99.
36. Neira, S., Moloney, C., Christensen, V., Cury, P., Shannon, L. & Arancibia, H. 2014. Analysing changes in the southern Humboldt ecosystem for the period 1970-2004 by means of dynamic food web modelling. Ecological Modelling. 27441-49.
37. Neira, S., Moloney, C., Shannon, L.J., Christensen, V., Arancibia, H. & Jarre, A. 2014. Assessing changes in the southern Humboldt in the 20th century using food web models. Ecological Modelling. 27852-66.
38. Nel, P. & Branch, G.M. 2014. The effect of bait collectors on stocks of Callichirus kraussi and Upogebia species in Langebaan Lagoon. African Zoology. 49(1): 30-43.
27
Publications
contd
Publications using Marine Research Institute (Ma-Re) and UCT as affiliation
address
39. Ommer, R.E. & Paterson, B. 2014. Conclusions: Reframing the
possibilities for natural and social science dialogue on the
economic history of natural resources. Ecology and Society. 19(1):.
40. Paterson, B. 2014. Tracks, trawls and lines-Knowledge practices of
skippers in the Namibian hake fisheries. Marine Policy.
41. Paterson, B. & Kainge, P. 2014. Rebuilding the Namibian hake fishery: A case for collaboration between scientists and fishermen. Ecology and Society. 19(2): .
42. Patrick, S.C., Bearhop, S., Grémillet, D., Lescroël, A., Grecian, W.J., Bodey, T.W., Hamer, K.C., Wakefield, E. et al. 2014. Individual differences in searching behaviour and spatial foraging consistency in a central place marine predator. Oikos. 123(1): 33-40.
43. Plagányi, É.E., Ellis, N., Blamey, L.K., Morello, E.B., Norman-Lopez, A.,
Robinson, W., Sporcic, M. & Sweatman, H. 2014. Ecosystem
modelling provides clues to understanding ecological tipping points. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 51299-113.
44. Pohl, B., Rouault, M. & Roy, S.S. 2014. Simulation of the annual and
diurnal cycles of rainfall over South Africa by a regional climat
model. Climate Dynamics. 1-20.
45. Porter, S.N., Kaehler, S., Branch, G.M. & Sink, K.J. 2014. Riverine subsidies
for inshore filter-feeder communities: Potential influences on trophic patterns among bioregions. Marine Ecology Progress
Series. 49813-26.
46. Potts, W.M., Henriques, R., Santos, C.V., Munnik, K., Ansorge, I., Dufois, F., Booth, A.J., Kirchner, C. et al. 2014. Ocean warming, a rapid distri
butional shift, and the hybridization of a coastal fishspecies. Global Change Biology. 20(9): 2765-2777.
47. Pulfrich, A. & Branch, G.M. 2014. Effects of sediment discharge from Namibian diamond mines on intertidal and subtidal rocky-reef communities and the rock lobster Jasus lalandii. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 150(PA): 179-191.
48. Pulfrich, A. & Branch, G.M. 2014. Using diamond-mined sediment dis
charges to test the paradigms of sandy-beach ecology. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 150(PA): 165-178.
49. Remisiewicz, M., Tree, A.J., Underhill, L.G. & Nowakowski, J.K. 2014.
Geographical patterns in primary moult and body mass of green
shank tringa nebularia in southern Africa. Ardea. 102(1): 31-46.
50. Ribeiro, Â.M., Lloyd, P., Dean, W.R.J., Brown, M. & Bowie, R.C.K. 2014. The ecological and geographic context of morphological and genetic divergence in an understorey-dwelling bird. Plos One. 9(2):
51. Roos, C.I., Bowman, D.M.J.S., Balch, J.K., Artaxo, P., Bond, W.J.,
Cochrane, M., D’Antonio, C.M., Defries, R. et al. 2014. Pyrogeogra
phy, historical ecology, and the human dimensions of fire regimes.
Journal of Biogeography. 41(4): 833-836.
52. Ryan, P.G., Lamprecht, A., Swanepoel, D. & Moloney, C.L. 2014. The effect of fine-scale sampling frequency on estimates of beach litter
accumulation. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 88(1-2): 249-254.
53. Sabarros, P.S., Grémillet, D., Demarcq, H., Moseley, C., Pichegru, L.,
Mullers, R.H.E., Stenseth, N.C. & Machu, E. 2014. Fine-scale
recognition and use of mesoscale fronts by foraging Cape gannets in the Benguela upwelling region. Deep-Sea Research Part II:
Topical Studies in Oceanography. 10777-84.
54. Schüller, S.E., Bianchi, T.S., Li, X., Allison, M.A. & Savage, C. 2014.
Historical Reconstruction of Phytoplankton Composition in
Estuaries of Fiordland, New Zealand: the Application of Plant
Pigment Biomarkers. Estuaries and Coasts. 1-16.
55. Seddon, A.W.R., Mackay, A.W., Baker, A.G., Birks, H.J.B., Breman, E., Buck, C.E., Ellis, E.C., Froyd, C.A. et al. 2014. Looking forward through the past: Identification of 50 priority research questions in palaeo
ecology. Journal of Ecology. 102(1): 256-267.
56. Shannon, L., Coll, M., Bundy, A., Gascuel, D., Heymans, J.J., Kleisner, K., Lynam, C.P., Piroddi, C. et al. 2014. Trophic level-based indicators to track fishing impacts across marine ecosystems. Marine Ecolog
Progress Series. 512115-140.
57. Shannon, L.J., Osman, W. & Jarre, A. 2014. Communicating changes in state of the Southern Benguela ecosystem using trophic, model-
derived indicators. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 512217-237.
28
Publications using Marine Research Institute (Ma-Re) and UCT as affiliation address
65. Ternon, J.F., Roberts, M.J., Morris, T., Hancke, L. & Backeberg, B. 2014. In situ measured current structures
of the eddy field in the Mozambique Channel. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. 10010-26.
66. Thiebault, A., Mullers, R., Pistorius, P., Meza-Torres, M.A., Dubroca, L., Green, D. & Tremblay, Y. 2014. From colony to first patch: Processes of prey searching and social information in Cape Gannets. Auk. 131(4): 595-609.
67. Thrush, S.F., Hewitt, J.E., Parkes, S., Lohrer, A.M., Pilditch, C., Woodin, S.A., Wethey, D.S., Chiantore, M.
et al. 2014. Experimenting with ecosystem interaction networks in search of threshold potentials in real-world marine ecosystems. Ecology. 95(6): 1451-1457.
68. Travers-Trolet, M., Shin, Y.-. & Field, J.G. 2014. An end-to-end coupled model ROMS-N2P2Z2D2-OSMOSE of the southern Benguela foodweb: Parameterisation, calibration and pattern-oriented validation. African Journal of Marine Science. 36(1): 11-29.
69. Travers-Trolet, M., Shin, Y.-., Shannon, L.J., Moloney, C.L. & Field, J.G. 2014. Combined fishing and climate forcing in the southern Benguela upwelling ecosystem: An end-to-end modelling
approach reveals dampened effects. Plos One. 9(4): .
70. Van Der Lingen, C.D. & Miller, T.W. 2014. Spatial, ontogenetic and interspecific variability in stable isotope ratios of nitrogen and carbon of Merluccius capensis and Merluccius paradoxus off South Africa. Journal of Fish Biology. 85(2): 456-472.
71. Weller, F., Cecchini, L.-., Shannon, L., Sherley, R.B., Crawford, R.J.M., Altwegg, R., Scott, L., Stewart, T. et al. 2014. A system dynamics approach to modelling multiple drivers of the African penguin population on Robben Island, South Africa. Ecological Modelling. 27738-56.
72. Winker, H., Kerwath, S.E. & Attwood, C.G. 2014. Proof of concept for a novel procedure to standardize multispecies catch and effort data. Fisheries Research. 155149-159.
73. Wittmann, K.J. & Griffiths, C.L. 2014. Description of the ‘stargazer mysid’ Mysidopsis zsilaveczi sp. nov.
(mysida, mysidae, leptomysinae) from the cape peninsula, South Africa. Crustaceana. 87(11-12): 1411-
1429.
74. Yemane, D., Kirkman, S.P., Kathena, J., N’siangango, S.E., Axelsen, B.E. & Samaai, T. 2014. Assessing changes in the distribution and range size of demersal fish populations in the Benguela Current Large Marine Eco
system. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries. 24(2): 463-483.
75. Young, J.W., Hunt, B.P.V., Cook, T.R., Llopiz, J.K., Hazen, E.L., Pethybridge, H.R., Ceccarelli, D., Lorrain, A. et al.
2014. The trophodynamics of marine top predators: Current knowledge, recent advances and challenges. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography.
76. Zeeman, Z., Branch, G.M., Pillay, D. & Jarre, A. 2014. An experimental test of the effect of the abalone Haliotis midae on benthic community composition. Marine Biology. 161(2): 329-337.
77. Zinke, J., Loveday, B.R., Reason, C.J.C., Dullo, W.-. & Kroon, D. 2014. Madagascar corals track sea surface
temperature variability in the Agulhas Current core region over the past 334 years. Scientific Reports. 4.
Chapters in Books (1)
Howard, J. 2014. Promoting sustainable development in marine regions. In: Sillitoe, P (ed) Sustainable Development: An Appraisal from the Gulf Region, 19, pp. 270-390. Publisher: Berghahn Books.
ISBN: 978-178238372-7;978-178238371-0.
Other Marine Publications UCT
1. Amélineau, F., Péron, C., Lescroël, A., Authier, M., Provost, P. & Grémillet, D. 2014. Windscape and tortuosity shape the flight costs of northern gannets. Journal of Experimental Biology. 217(6): 876-885.
2. Bartosova-Sojkova, P., Kodadkova, A., Peckova, H., Kuchta, R. & Reed, C.C. 2014. Morphology and phylogeny of
two new species of Sphaeromyxa Thélohan, 1892 (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) from marine fish (Clinidae and Trachichthyidae). Parasitology.
3. Bernard, A.T.F., Götz, A., Parker, D., Heyns, E.R., Halse, S.J., Riddin, N.A., Smith, M.K.S., Paterson, A.W. et al. 2014. New possibilities for research on reef fish across the continental shelf of South Africa. South African Journal of Science. 110(9-10): .
4. Bester, M.N., Ryan, P.G., Bester, W.A. & Glass, T. 2014. Vagrant Antarctic fur seals at the Tristan da Cunha Islands. Polar Biology.
5. Bourgeois, K., Wilson, J.W. & Dromzée, S. 2014. First records of the Northern Giant petrel Macronecteshal
ashore on gough island. Marine Ornithology. 41(2): 135-136.
6. Bray, T.C. & Hockey, P.A.R. 2014. Population genetics and demographic inferences in a recovering shorebird, the African Black Oystercatcher Haematopus moquini. Ibis. 157(1): 171-176.
7. Cawthra, H.C., Bateman, M.D., Carr, A.S., Compton, J.S. & Holmes, P.J. 2014.Understanding late quaternary change at the land-ocean inter face: A synthesis of the evolution of the Wilderness coastline, South Africa. Quatenary Science Reviews. 99210-223.
8. Cohen, L.A., Pichegru, L., Grémillet, D., Coetzee, J., Upfold, L. & Ryan, P.G. 2014. Changes in prey availability impact the foraging behaviour and fitness of Cape gannets over a decade. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 505281-293.
9. Colabuono, F.I., Barquete, V., Taniguchi, S., Ryan, P.G. & Montone, R.C. 2014. Stable isotopes of carbon and
nitrogen in the study of organochlorine contaminants in albatrosses and petrels. Marine Pollution
Bulletin. 83(1): 241-247.
10. Commins, M.L., Ansorge, I. & Ryan, P.G. 2014. Multi-scale factors influencing seabird assemblages in the
African sector of the Southern Ocean. Antarctic Science. 26(1): 38-48.
29
Publications
contd
Other Marine Publications UCT
11. Connan, M., McQuaid, C.D., Bonnevie, B.T., Smale, M.J. & Cherel, Y. 2014. Combined stomach content, lipid and stable isotope analyses reveal spatial and trophic partitioning among three sympatric
albatrosses from the Southern Ocean. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 497259-272.
12. Cook, T.R. & Brischoux, F. 2014. Why does the only ‘planktonic tetrapod’ dive? Determinants of diving behaviour in a marine ectotherm. Animal Behaviour. 98113-123.
13. Cooper, R., Leiman, A. & Jarre, A. 2014. An analysis of the structural changes in the offshore demersal hake (Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus) trawl fishery in South Africa. Marine Policy. 50(PA):
270-279.
14. Daron, J.D. & Colenbrander, D.R. 2014. A critical investigation of
evaluation matrices to inform coastal adaptation and planning decisions at the local scale. Journal of Environmental Planning and
Management.
15. Dehnhard, N., Poisbleau, M., Demongin, L., Ludynia, K. & Quillfeldt, P.
2014. High juvenile annual survival probabilities in Southern
Rockhopper Penguins Eudyptes chrysocome are independent
of individual fledging traits. Ibis. 156(3): 548-560.
16. Guastella, L.A. & Smith, A.M. 2014. Coastal dynamics on a soft coast
line from serendipitous webcams: KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 150(PA): 76-85.
17. Jerardino, A., Navarro, R.A. & Galimberti, M. 2014. Changing collecting strategies of the clam Donax serra Röding (Bivalvia: Donacidae) during the Pleistocene at Pinnacle Point, South Africa. Journal of Human Evolution. 68(1): 58-67.
18. Jewell, O.J.D., Wcisel, M.A., Towner, A.V., Chivell, W., Van der Merwe, L. &
Bester, M.N. 2014. Core habitat use of an apex predator in a
complex marine landscape. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 506231-242.
19. Jones, M.G.W., Dilley, B.J., Hagens, Q.A., Louw, H., Mertz, E.M., Visser, P. &
Ryan, P.G. 2014. The effect of parental age, experience and
historical reproductive success on wandering albatross (Diomedea exulans) chick growth and survival. Polar Biology.
20. Jones, M.G.W. & Ryan, P.G. 2014. Effects of pre-laying attendance and body condition on long-term reproductive success in Wandering
Albatrosses. Emu. 114(2): 137-145.
21. Kirchner, C. 2014. Estimating present and future profits within the Namibian hake industry: a bio-economic analysis. African Journal of Marine Science.
22. Kohler, S.A., Connan, M., Kolasinski, J., Cherel, Y., Mcquaid, C.D. & Jaquemet, S. 2014. Trophic overlap between sexes in the dimorphic African black oystercatcher foraging on an alien mussel. Austral Ecology. 39(5): 567-578.
23. Kyriacou, K., Parkington, J.E., Marais, A.D. & Braun, D.R. 2014. Nutrition, modernity and the archaeological record: Coastal resources and nutrition among Middle Stone Age hunter-gatherers on the
western Cape coast of South Africa. Journal of Human Evolution. 7764-73.
24. Lange, L. & Griffiths, C.L. 2014. Large-scale spatial patterns within soft-bottom epibenthic invertebrate assemblages along the west coast of South Africa, based on the Nansen trawl survey. African Journal of Marine Science. 36(1): 111-124.
25. LEI, B.R., GREEN, J.A. & PICHEGRU, L. 2014. Extreme microclimate
conditions in artificial nests for Endangered African Penguins. Bird Conservation International.
26. Lescroël, A., Ballard, G., Grémillet, D., Authier, M. & Ainley, D.G. 2014. Antarctic climate change: Extreme events disrupt plastic
phenotypic response in Adélie penguins. Plos One. 9(1):
27. Manyilizu, M., Dufois, F., Penven, P. & Reason, C. 2014. Interannual
variability of sea surface temperature and circulation in the tropical western Indian Ocean. African Journal of Marine Science.36(2):
233-252.
28. McQuaid, K.A. & Griffiths, C.L. 2014. Alien reef-building polychaete drives long-term changes in invertebrate biomass and diversity
in a small, urban estuary. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 38101-106.
30
Publications
contd
Other Marine Publications UCT
29. Milne, R. & Griffiths, C. 2014. Invertebrate biodiversity associated with algal turfs on a coral-dominated reef. Marine Biodiversity. 44(2): 181-188.
30. Muller, A.A., Reason, C.J.C., Schmidt, M., Mohrholz, V. & Eggert, A. 2014. Computing transport budgets along the shelf and across the shelf edge in the northern Benguela during summer (DJF) an
winter (JJA). Journal of Marine Systems.
31. Murua, H., Eveson, J.P. & Marsac, F. 2014. The Indian Ocean Tuna Tagging Programme: Building better
science for more sustainability. Fisheries Research.
32. Offerman, K., Carulei, O., van der Walt, A.P., Douglass, N. & Williamson, A.-. 2014. The complete genome sequences of poxviruses isolated from a penguin and a pigeon in South Africa and comparison to other sequenced avipoxviruses. BMC Genomics. 15(1): .
33. Peters, K., Griffiths, C. & Robinson, T.B. 2014. Patterns and drivers of marine bioinvasions in eight Western Cape harbours, South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science. 36(1): 49-57.
34. Photopoulou, T., Fedak, M.A., Thomas, L. & Matthiopoulos, J. 2014. Spatial variation in maximum dive depth in gray seals in relation to foraging. Marine Mammal Science. 30(3): 923-938.
35. Ponchon, A., Grémillet, D., Christensen-Dalsgaard, S., Erikstad, K.E., Barrett, R.T., Reiertsen, T.K., McCoy, K.D., Tveraa, T. et al. 2014. When things go wrong: Intra-season dynamics of breeding failure in a seabird. Ecosphere. 5(1): .
36. Porri, F., Jackson, J.M., Von der Meden, C.E.O., Weidberg, N. & McQuaid, C.D. 2014. The effect of mesoscale oceanographic features on the distribution of mussel larvae along the south coast of South Africa. Journal of Marine Systems. 132162-173.
37. Porter, S.N., Kaehler, S., Branch, G.M. & Sink, K.J. 2014. Riverine subsidies for inshore filter-feeder
communities: Potential influences on trophic patterns among bioregions. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 49813-26.
38. Punt, A.E., A’Mar, T., Bond, N.A., Butterworth, D.S., De Moor, C.L., De Oliveira, J.A.A., Haltuch, M.A.,
Hollowed, A.B. et al. 2014. Fisheries management under climate and environmental uncertainty: Control rules and performance simulation. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 71(8): 2208-2220.
39. Rao, A.S., Hockey, P.A.R. & Montevecchi, W.A. 2014. Coastal dispersal by pre-breeding African Black Oyster
catchers Haematopus moquini. Marine Ornithology. 42(2): 105-112.
40. Reed, C.C. 2014. A review of parasite studies of commercially important marine fishes in sub-Saharan Africa. Parasitology.
41. Reid, T.A., Ronconi, R.A., Cuthbert, R.J. & Ryan, P.G. 2014. The summer foraging ranges of adult spectacled petrels Procellaria conspicillata. Antarctic Science. 26(1): 23-32.
42. Reisinger, R.R., Oosthuizen, W.C., Péron, G., Toussaint, D.C., Andrews, R.D. & De Bruyn, P.J.N. 2014. Satellite
tagging and biopsy sampling of killer whales at subantarctic Marion Island: Effectiveness, immediate
reactions and long-term responses. Plos One. 9(11): .
43. Rexer-Huber, K., Parker, G.C., Ryan, P.G. & Cuthbert, R.J. 2014. Burrow occupancy and population size in the Atlantic Petrel Pterodroma incerta: A comparison of methods. Marine Ornithology. 42(2): 137-141.
44. Rius, M., Clusella-Trullas, S., Mcquaid, C.D., Navarro, R.A., Griffiths, C.L., Matthee, C.A., Von der Heyden, S. & Turon, X. 2014. Range expansions across ecoregions: Interactions of climate change, physiology and genetic diversity. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 23(1): 76-88.
45. Rius, M., Clusella-Trullas, S., Mcquaid, C.D., Navarro, R.A., Griffiths, C.L., Matthee, C.A., Von der Heyden, S. & Turon, X. 2014. Range expansions across ecoregions: Interactions of climate change, physiology and genetic diversity. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 23(1): 76-88.
46. Rollinson, D.P., Dilley, B.J. & Ryan, P.G. 2014. Diving behaviour of white-chinned petrels and its relevance for mitigating longline bycatch. Polar Biology. 37(9): 1301-1308.
47. Ryan, P.G. 2014. Litter survey detects the South Atlantic ‘garbage patch’. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 79(1-2): 220-224.
48. Ryan, P.G. 2014. Moult of flight feathers in darters (Anhingidae). Ardea. 101(2): 177-180.
49. Ryan, P.G., Bourgeois, K., Dromzée, S. & Dilley, B.J. 2014. The occurrence of two bill morphs of prions
Pachyptila vittata on Gough Island. Polar Biology. 37(5): 727-735.
50. Ryan, P.G., Musker, S. & Rink, A. 2014. Low densities of drifting litter in the African sector of the Southern Ocean. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 89(1-2): 16-19.
51. Shannon, L., Coll, M., Bundy, A., Gascuel, D., Heymans, J.J., Kleisner, K., Lynam, C.P., Piroddi, C. et al. 2014. Trophic level-based indicators to track fishing impacts across marine ecosystems. Marine
Ecology Progress Series. 512115-140.
52. Smith, A.M., Guastella, L.A., Botes, Z.A., Bundy, S.C. & Mather, A.A. 2014. Forecasting cyclic coastal erosion on a multi-annual to multi-decadal scale: Southeast African coast. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science.
53. Sowman, M., Raemaekers, S. & Sunde, J. 2014. Shifting gear: A new governance framework for small-scal
fisheries in South Africa.
54. Sowman, M., Sunde, J., Raemaekers, S. & Schultz, O. 2014. Fishing for equality: Policy for poverty alleviation for South Africa’s small-scale fisheries. Marine Policy. 4631-42.
55. Sparks, C., Odendaal, J. & Snyman, R. 2014. An analysis of historical Mussel Watch Programme data from the west coast of the Cape Peninsula, Cape Town. Marine Pollution Bulletin.
56. Thiebault, A., Mullers, R.H.E., Pistorius, P.A. & Tremblay, Y. 2014. Local enhancement in a seabird: Reaction distances and foraging conquence of predator aggregations. Behavioral Ecology. 25(6): 1302-1310.
57. Trathan, P.N., García-Borboroglu, P., Boersma, D., Bost, C.-., Crawford, R.J.M., Crossin, G.T., Cuthbert, R.J., Dann, P. et al. 2014. Pollution, habitat loss, fishing, and climate change as critical threats to penguins.
Conservation Biology.
31
Publications
contd
Other Marine Publications UCT
58. Treasure, A.M. & Chown, S.L. 2014. Antagonistic effects of biological invasion and temperature change on body size of island ecto
therms. Diversity and Distributions. 20(2): 202-213.
59. Tremblay, Y., Thiebault, A., Mullers, R. & Pistorius, P. 2014. Bird-borne video-cameras show that seabird movement patterns relate to previously unrevealed proximate environment, not prey. Plos One. 9(2): .
60. Van Noort, S., Masner, L., Popovici, O., Valerio, A.A., Taekul, C., Johnson, N.F., Murphy, N.P. & Austin, A.D. 2014. Systematics and biology of the aberrant intertidal parasitoid wasp Echthrodesis lamorali Masner (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae s.l.): A parasitoid of spider eggs. Invertebrate Systematics. 28(1): 1-16.
61. Van Sittert, L. 2014. The fire and the eye: Fishers knowledge, echo-
sounding and the invention of the skipper in the St. Helena bay pelagic fishery ca. 1930-1960. Marine Policy.
62. Varsani, A., Kraberger, S., Jennings, S., Porzig, E.L., Julian, L., Massaro, M., Pollard, A., Ballard, G. et al. 2014. A novel papillomavirus in Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) faeces sampled at the Cape Crozier colony, Antarctica. Journal of General Virology. 95(PART 6): 1352-
1365.
63. Whitehead, T.O., Rollinson, D.P. & Reisinger, R.R. 2014. Pseudostalked barnacles Xenobalanus globicipitis attached to killer whales
Orcinus orca in South African waters. Marine Biodiversity.
64. Witbooi, E. 2014. Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing on the high seas: The port state measures agreement in context.
International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law. 29(2): 290-320.
65. Wittmann, K.J. & Griffiths, C.L. 2014. Description of the ‘stargazer mysid’ Mysidopsis zsilaveczi sp. nov. (mysida, mysidae, leptomysinae) from the cape peninsula, South Africa. Crustaceana. 87(11-12):
1411-1429.
32
Acknowledgements
Ma-Re would to thank all our colleagues, partners and funders for their valuable financial support and
intellectual contributions to Ma-Re’s 2014 activities, and also for their willingness to contribute to the report.
Contact Information
Website: www.ma-re.uct.ac.za
Twitter: @Mare_UCT
FaceBook: Ma_re UCT Students
Email: [email protected]
33
Appendices
Appendix I - Prof Marcello Vichi’s Forum Report
Measuring the sea: A report on the density measurements in the Bosphorus (1679-1680) by Luigi Ferdinando Marsili based on the study of
Pinardi, Ozsoy and Moroni
Marcello Vichi (Dept. of Oceanography, UCT)
Oceanography is often seen as a descriptive science because of its historical
background of pioneering voyages over uncharted waters. The immensity of the
ocean is such that humans have mostly considered it a subject to “describe” rather
than to “explain”. The ocean is always changing as much as all of its living and
abiotic components; its dynamics evolves from the smaller to the larger spatial
and temporal scales and this complexity is fostering the development of more
sophisticated instruments to “measure the sea”. We now have a clear recognition
that ocean sciences are intimately interdisciplinary but we rather miss the struggle
of scientists in achieving this state of knowledge.
A book written by Prof. Nadia Pinardi of the University of Bologna on what can be
recognized as the “first oceanographic campaign” made by the Italian Luigi Ferdinando Marsili (Pinardi, 2009, soon to be published in its English version) is providing a first reconstruction of these efforts (for an extended abstract on Marsili’s
expedition, see also Oszoy et al., on-line resource).
The pioneering oceanographic work of Luigi Ferdinando Marsili (1658-1730) was
recognized only later in the 19th century. Interestingly enough his role was particularly stressed in the study of another pioneer of remote oceans, Deacon (1997).
Marsili was trained by the major scientists of his period (Malpighi, Montanari and
Cassini) in natural sciences and mathematics. He followed very closely the Bolognese Academies, which started to elaborate natural and complex phenomena
by means of ‘empirical laws’ according to his own motto “see with the eyes and not
the ears”.
He applied the Galilean method to field work at sea in his monograph ‘Osservazioni intorno al Bosforo Tracio’, reporting his campaign on the Bosphorus after his
trip back from Istanbul (1680) where he diligently described the methods and
collected the first in situ data on water density. He knew that weight is related
to intrinsic properties of seawater, called at that time ‘peso in ispecie’ or ‘specific
gravity’, nowadays the density. Then he drew information on the vertical structure
of the water column that is remarkably similar to current observations (Pinardi,
2009). Marsili also constructed the first current-meter of his day, a wooden instrument with six paddles on an axle (see references in Oszoy et al, on-line). In a later
laboratory experiment he applied his information to explain the density-driven
circulation of the strait.
Marsili was able to bring together the experimental method with conceptual
thinking, so much that Queen Christina of Sweden suggested him to put less emphasis on his studies of political, military and civilian lives of the Ottoman Empire
and instead to focus exclusively on natural observations that she financed with a
substantial grant (Oszoy et al, on-line). Marsili can thus be regarded as one of the
fathers of the modern methods in experimental oceanography, from the design
of a campaign to the collection of samples, the analyses of results and the assessment of conceptual theories (… and fund-raising!).
References
Deacon, M. Scientists and the Sea, 1650-1900: A Study of Marine Science. 2nd ed.
Ashgate Publishing Company, Burlington, VT., 1997.
Pinardi, N., Misurare il mare. Luigi Ferdinando Marsili nell’Egeo e nel Bosforo 16791680, Bononia University Press (collana Grandi opere), 83pp., 2009.
Oszoy E, N. Pinardi and F. Moroni http://linux-server.ims.metu.edu.tr/index.
php?option=com_content&view=article&id=19&Itemid=34 , on-line resource
34
Appendix II - Prof Michael Orren’s Forum Report
UCT Ma Re “Ancient Mariners” Forum, October 31, 2014.
Michael Orren.
Jessi Lehman’s talk set the scene on what it really means to go to sea for science, reminding me forcefully of the immense
progress we have made since the late 1950’s, the years of the IGY. Oceanography has evolved significantly and remains a
truly inter-disciplinary field of science. Marine scientists apply the powerful tools of modern science, honed within the traditional disciplines of Biology, Chemistry, Geology, Mathematics, and Physics, also those from the scientifically very fertile
cross disciplines within these fields such as Biochemistry and Geophysics, in an attempt to unravel the intricate workings
of our global ocean. It is today hard to visualise those decades-in my lifetime-when classical “wet” chemistry was all we
had available to analyse ocean water for salinity and the simplest major ions and, occasionally, the chlorophylls (we only
knew one of these then!), in non-representative, discrete water samples. Costly, custom-built, mercury in glass, thermometers read manually with exceptional care, gave us accurate, but still discrete, temperature measurements, while pressure
measured by compression of the glass thermometer bulbs was used to estimate the sample depth to within some metres.
Vertical and horizontal simple open net hauls returned qualitative plankton population and density information.
Ordinary and special slide rules along with log tables were laboured over to do calculations of the physics, such as of
densities and currents, while hand calculation using printed tables was necessary for determining position at sea-not very
accurately by today’s standards-using celestial navigation in those pre-computer, pre-satellite eras where neither Email,
cellphones nor tablets existed. Marine geology was done by methods best described as scratching at the seafloor while the
detail of what lay below was known only in general terms.
Amazingly, when viewed from today, useful computer models were not even on the horizon. Hydrothermal vents spurted
superheated, chemically altered, seawater unseen, Argo autonomous floats were unknown while the only (non-“XBT”) BT’s
were wire-held, missile shaped brass probes (below), with smoked glass slides for recording an often ‘noisy’ temperature
versus depth record. These traces nevertheless demonstrated that discrete measurements gave us a very limited knowledge of the true temperature/depth profile.
CCTV, then in its infancy, was barely used. We knew upwelling happened but the detailed mechanism, its relation to wind
stress and local topography, and the complex internal flow regimes within active upwelling systems, remained educated
guesswork.
Vere Shannon’s showing of the unique, historic record in photographs taken by Captain Shannon, his research vessel
Master father, graphically underlined the immense practical problems of oceanographic work at high latitudes. Just staying
alive, warm and afloat is challenging enough before you even contemplate the “doing of science”, venture on deck duly
muffled up, only to discover that your regular sampling equipment malfunctions in the extreme cold.
Still on photography, Charles Griffiths then showed how the amount of useful information on longer term changes that can
be gleaned from comparison of old photographs of inshore biology with those from today. This reminded me of the importance of properly standardised long-term repeat measurements, to the best available accuracy, at “standard sites”, to establish both the nature and the direction of long-term changes. The Hawaiian Mauna Loa long-term record of atmospheric
carbon dioxide increases is a classic example but funding for such extended sampling intervals is really difficult to obtain.
Geoff Brundrit showed us how high speed, energy-laden and devastating, tsunami are focused by bathymetric features
including ocean ridges. It is sobering to realise that any shore facing the open ocean has a slight, yet significant, probability of tsunami inundation from a distant seismic event; obviously the risk is dramatically larger in seismically active zones,
these better documented by scientists today. The raw power of the rushing water in tsunami is terrifying as it contemptuously demolishes all in its path-we see these effects through video and satellite links almost in real-time today. However,
thanks to modern geoscience we have warning systems in place to permit rapid evacuation of vulnerable shores. Indeed,
a revolution has taken place in the past five or so decades and it is perhaps appropriate to reflect on what lies ahead; what
follows is not, however, intended to be exhaustive.
On-ship instrumental methods will I think continue to provide better, high quality coverage, while autonomous submersibles, floats and gliders may well be better instrumented to acquire chemical (e.g., nutrients, CO2) and biological (e.g.,
turbidity, micro-plankton) data to complement and greatly enhance the present valuable physical output from harsh,
almost inaccessible sites such as the abyssal ocean, beneath floating ice, and under stormy seas where energy and matter exchange is at a maximum. Benthic landers with instrumented arrays will provide more data on deep-sea currents,
turbulent mixing and dissipation of energy, interchange of matter such as potentially toxic elements between sea bottom
and the overlying waters, along with more sensitive seismic information unhindered by ‘ship noise’. Such autonomous
platforms neighbouring a hydrothermal vent field site will inform us on dispersion of substances, living matter and energy
from active venting and inform on the complex aqueous geochemistry operating within such sites which exerts a significant influence on global marine chemistry and all else dependent on seawater composition. Insights acquired from ever
deeper DSDP type seafloor drilling will tell us more about what lies beneath. Those hard to measure air/sea interactions
are of growing importance, in particular the exchange of extremely active electromagnetic energy absorbing/emitting
compounds such as natural and man-made halocarbons (e.g., freons), carbon dioxide, dinitrogen oxide (“nitrous oxide”)
and methane; more detail on the poorly constrained flux of water, itself a major “greenhouse gas”, in both directions; and
on sensible energy transfers-all critical parameters within global climate change models.
35
Appendices
contd
Appendix II - Prof Michael Orren’s Forum Report contd.
The microbe-rich, chemically active, sea-surface microlayer is a vital component of
this vast, yet contradictorily barely accessible, research site where, unfortunately
for the researcher, exchange is usually at a maximum when violent sea states make
sampling impossible. Decades ago, I proposed using remotely controlled (model
type) helicopters with some miniaturised instrumentation to sample near-shore
(line of sight) surface water during weather so rough as to preclude surface ship
microlayer sampling, but my proposal was turned down. Modern, inexpensive
so-called “drones”, appropriately instrumented and controlled from a larger ship
or from shore could do a wonderful job here. We need to better understand the
microbial workings of the global ocean. Satellites will be able to probe deeper
layers of the global ocean and seafloor with new sensors and give rapid, near
real-time information. All this data, suitably quality-controlled and stored securely
in data-centres, may next be inputted into higher speed and greater resolution
models with better constrained boundary conditions and ever fewer simplifying
assumptions, to obtain a deeper understanding of our challenging Atmosphere/
Ocean System.
Appendix III - Ma-Re Chatties
Speaker
​Title
Date
Saachi
​Serial invasions on rocky shores: Implications for strucSadtchatheeswaran tural complexity, community structure and ecosystem
(PhD)
functioning
3 Feb
​Welly Qwabe (PhD)
Ecosystem engineering in marine intertidal softsediment communities: Understanding Environmental
contexts.
10 Feb
Thomas Morris
(MSc)
F​ ish parasites as bio-indicators of heavy metals in South
African marine ecosystems
17 Feb
Renae Logston
(AMS MSc)
Defining the role local Oceanography plays in the location of the White Sharks, Carcharodon carcharias, in
Mossel Bay, South Africa
24 Apr
James Howard
(Postdoc)
Global Understanding and Learning for Local Solutions
(GULLS) Project: reducing the vulnerability of marinedependent coastal communities
29 May
Kate Watermeyer
(PhD)
A frame-based modelling approach to understanding
changes in the distribution and abundance of sardine
and anchovy in the southern Benguela
5 Jun
Jannes Lanschoff
(AMS MSc)
Brooding and 3D-imaging of Ophioderma wahlbergii, a
common shallow-water brittle star of SA
12 Jun
Adrian Hewitt
(PhD)
Reproductive hormone profiling of the white shark: An
investigation into biology, behaviour and physiology
19 Jun
Saachi
Bungalows to Skyscrapers: Sequential invasions change
Sadtchatheeswaran rocky shore communities
(PhD)
26 Jun
Pavanee
Annasawmy
(AMS MSc)
The role of micronekton in the food web of the South
Indian subtropical gyre
24 Feb
Paul Juby
(AMS MSc)
​ n the seasonal variability of the Canary Current upO
welling according to in-situ measurements and model
runs”
3 Mar
Rest of AMS Class
Various Topics
10 Mar
​Rest of AMS Class
Various Topics
17 Mar
Maggie Reddy
(PhD)
Molecular systematics of Porphyroids in southern Africa.
12 May
​Dave Dyer (PhD)
Trophic functioning of ecologically different kelp bed
communities: a stable isotope
19 May
​Mary Rowlinson
(AMS MSc)
Biology of the tiger catshark in False Bay
23 May
Lisa Labinjoh
(AMS MSc)
The impact of shark depredation on commercial ski-boat 26 May
catches off the coast of Kwazulu-Natal
Leslie Roberson
(AMS MSc)
Using Baited Remote Underwater Video in unsurveyed
areas: An assessment of the reef fish assemblage in the
Betty’s Bay MPA
31 Oct
36
Appendix IV - Ma-Re/SANCOR Seminars 2014
Time
Venue
Host
Dr Adelle Roux
Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University
Speaker
​ iming towards the
A
establishment of an oyster hatchery in
South Africa
Topic
27 Jan
Date
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
​ r Nicolas Barrier
D
LPO / ICEMASA
I​ nterannual to decadal heat budget in the
subpolar North Atlantic
3 Feb
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
​Mr Neil Malan SAEON ,UCT
Shelf-edge upwelling in the Agulhas Current
10 Feb
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
Dr Yunne-Jai Shin Institut de recherche
pour le développement (IRD - Institute of
research for development) and University of
Cape Town
​ multi-model evaluation of ecosystem
A
indicators’ performance
17 Feb
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
​ r Fabrice Collard, Oceandata
D
Laboratory, Brest, France
Swell refraction by the Agulhas current meanders and rogue wave high risk zone
24 Feb
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
Dr Ramesh Govind Division of
Geomatics, Faculty of Engineering and the
Built Environment, UCT
​ easuring Absolute Sea Level Changes -the
M
contribution from Space Geodesy
3 Mar
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
Mr Kolobe Mmonwa Marine Programme,
SANBI
Evolutionary and foraging ecology of sympatric intertidal southern African patellid
limpets: divergence between territorial and
non-territorial foragers
10 Mar
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
​ rof Marla Tuffin, SA Research Chair in
P
Microbial Genomics, Institute for Microbial
Biotechnology & Metagenomics, UWC
​Putting Marine Microbes to Work
17 Mar
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
Dr Bror Jonsso, Department of
Geosciences, Princeton University
How is Biological Production in the Ocean
Really Controlled?
12 May
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
​ r Mariette Wheeler, Department of EnviD
ronmental Affairs
A birder’s view of sub-Antarctic Marion
Island: Does human disturbance influence
the wildlife at the island?
19 May
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
​ r Mark Jury, Physics Department, UniverD
sity of Puerto Rico
​ compendium of 2011+ research highA
lights from Mark Jury
23 May
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
Assoc Prof Mafaniso Hara, Institute for Poverty, Land and Agrarian Studies, UWC
E​ fficacy of rights-based management of
small pelagic fish within an ecosystems approach to fisheries in South Africa
26 May
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
​Mr Precious Mongwe, CSIR
The Seasonal Cycle of CO2 fluxes in the
Southern a model spatial scale
sensitivity analysis
23 Jun
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
​Mrs Bronwyn Maree, Birdlife SA
Significant reductions in mortality of
threatened seabirds in a South African trawl
fishery
1 Sep
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
Dr Alon Stern, Centre for Atmospheric
Ocean Science, New York University
Instability and mixing of ocean jets along an
idealized Antarctic continental shelf break
1 Oct
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
​ s Sara Andreott, Stellenbosch University
M
and Shark Diving Unlimited
​ ounting white sharks - tools for the conC
servation and management of a vulnerable
marine species
6 Oct
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
Dr Charine Collins, Oceanography Department, UCT
​Mesoscale activity in the Comoros Basin
27 Oct
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
Dr Sven Kerwath, Department of
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries & Miss
Robyn Payne, Department of
Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, UWC
The Walter’s Shoal expedition:
preliminary findings
3 Nov
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
Dr Toufiek Samaai, Department of Environmental Affairs
S​ patial Biodiversity assessment and spatial
management, including Marine Protected
Areas within the BCLME (Benguela Current
Large Marine Ecosystem)
10 Nov
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
​ r Katrin Ludynia, Department of Biological
D
Sciences, UCT
Processes influencing the population
dynamics and conservation of African penguins on Dyer Island, South Africa
17 Nov
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
Mr Ricardo Oliveros , Peruvian Marine Research Institute - IMARPE
End to end modelling for an ecosystem
approach to fisheries in the Northern Humboldt Current Ecosystem
24 Nov
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
​Dr Daniela Maldini, SeaSearch Africa
Being a Male California Sea Otter in the 21st
Century: the History of an Estuary
1 Dec
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
Ms Jessi Lehman, University of
Minnesota
​ uerying international oceanography from
Q
South Africa: a work in progress
11 Dec
13:00
UCT Ocean.Sem
Room
Ma-Re/ SANCOR
37
Appendices
contd
Appendix V - List of Acronyms
ACCESS
Applied Centre for Climate & Earth System Sciences
ACDI
African Climate and Development Initiative
ACEP
African Coelacanth Ecosystem Programme
AFRICOG
African Centre for Capacity-building in Ocean Governance
AMS
Applied Marine Science
BASICS
Benguela and Agulhas Systems for Interdisciplinary Climate
Change Science
BCC
Benguela Current Commission
CNRS
Centre Nationalde la Recherche Scientifique
CPUT
Cape Peninsula University of Technology
CSIR
Council for Scientific & Industrial Research
DAFF
Department of Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries
DEA
Department of Environmental Affairs
DST
Department of Science & Technology
EEU
Environmental Evaluation Unit
EMIBIOS
End-to-end Modelling and Indicators for BIOdiversity
Scenarios
EU
European Union
GOOS
Global Oceans Observing Sytems
GHRSST
Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature
HRA
Honourary Research Associates
IAPSO
International Association for the Physical Sciences of the
Oceans
ICEMASA
International Centre for Education, Marine and Atmospheric
Sciences over Africa
IMEL
Institute for Marine & Environmental Law
IMR
Institute of Marine Research Centre for Development
Cooperation in Fisheries
IRD
Institute for Research & Develpment
IUGG
International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics
NERSC
Nansen Environmental & Remote Sensing Centre
NRF
National Research Foundation
NTC
Nansen-Tutu Centre
POGO
Partnership for Observation of the Global Oceans
SAEON
South African Environmental Observation Network
SANCOOP
South African - Norway Cooperative Research Programme
SANCOR
South African National Coastal & Oceanic Research
SARChI
South African Research Chair
SCAMPI
Seasonal to Decadal Changes Affecting Marine Productivity:
An Interdisciplinary Investigation
SCIFR
South Coast Interdisciplinary Fisheries Research
SOCCO
Southern Ocean Carbon-Climate Observatory
TCD
Training & Capacity Development
UBO
University of Brest
38
39