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GRADE 9 SCIENCE - ATOM TEST Name: _______________ 1. Empedocles, who lived about 2500 years ago, stated that matter was made of four elements, which are: a. Plants, animals, earth, and air. b. Earth, fire, water, and air. c. Protons, neutrons, electrons, and atoms. d. Land, sea, sky, and cells. 2. The Industrial Revolution created an explosion of scientific thought and experimentation. Many new scientific tools for observation and measurement were invented during this time. Name two of them: __________________ __________________ 3. The three main parts of an atom are: a. Protons, nucleons, and electrons. b. Protons, neutrons, and negatrons. c. Protons, neutrons, and electrons. d. Protons, nucleons, and megatrons. Fill in the next three questions with the following words (you may use them more than once): “a positive”, “a negative”, “no”, “outside”, and “inside” 4. Electrons have _____________ charge and are found _____________ the nucleus. 5. Protons have _____________ charge and are found _____________ the nucleus. 6. Neutrons have _____________ charge and are found _____________ the nucleus. 7. When electrons occupy the orbits, they begin at the ___________ orbit to the nucleus. a. Closest b. Farthest 8. The first orbit can hold up to ______ electrons. a. 2 b. 4 c. 8 d. 18 9. The second orbit can hold up to ______ electrons. a. 2 b. 4 c. 8 d. 18 10. The third orbit can hold up to ______ electrons. a. 2 b. 4 c. 8 d. 18 11. The atomic number will always equal: a. The number of protons. b. The number of neutrons. c. The number of protons plus neutrons. 12. The atomic mass will always equal: a. The number of protons. b. The number of neutrons. c. The number of protons plus neutrons. 13. An atom will always have the same number of: a. Protons and neutrons. b. Neutrons and electrons. c. Protons and electrons. d. Protons, neutrons, and electrons. 14. Draw a Bohr atom of Lithium (use a grey circle for the nucleus and smaller dots for the electrons). 15. Who discovered that the nucleus is filled with positive charges and called the number of protons the “atomic number?” a. Mendeleev. b. Moseley. c. Rutherford. d. Chadwick. 16. Chadwick and Rutherford discovered that __________________ have about the same mass. a. Protons and neutrons. b. Neutrons and electrons. c. Protons and electrons. d. Protons, neutrons, and electrons. 17. The mass of a(n) ___________ is so small it is considered to be zero. a. Electron b. Proton c. Neutron d. Atom 18. The number of electrons in an atom is equal to: a. The number of neutrons. b. The number of protons. c. It’s atomic mass. 19. Atomic mass is measured in: a. Atomic mass units (u). b. Newtons (N). c. Micrograms (ug). d. Ounces (oz). 20. TRUE or FALSE Shells exist whether there is an electron in them or not. 21. TRUE or FALSE It is possible for electrons to jump to a different shell if energy is added. 22. When scientists were first arranging elements, they: a. Used the atomic numbers. b. Used the atomic masses. c. Used the characteristic properties. d. Used alphabetical order. 23. Mendeleev’s periodic law went according to: a. Atomic number. b. Atomic mass. c. Alphabetical order. d. The number of protons. 24. Mendeleev left gaps in his table because: a. There were elements that hadn’t been discovered yet. b. No elements existed to fill these places. c. His system of organization was wrong. 25. Moseley fixed Mendeleev’s problem of reversed elements by arranging the periodic table in order of _______________. a. atomic number. b. atomic mass. c. Number of neutrons. 26. Elements in the same ___________ have similar characteristic properties. a. Period (row, from left to right) b. Family (column, from top to bottom) c. Area 27. Arranging elements by ______________ made an almost perfect pattern, but arranging elements by ______________ made a completely perfect pattern. a. Atomic mass, atomic number b. Alphabet, atomic mass c. Alphabet, atomic number d. Atomic number, atomic mass 28. (12 x 0.25 = 3) Complete the chart below: Element Symbol Atomic mass Potassium Gold Neon Phosphorus Atomic number 29. Alkaline earth metals, like calcium, _________ outer shell. a. Require two electrons to complete their b. Require one electron to complete their c. Have one electron in their d. Have two electrons in their e. Have a full 30. Noble gases, like argon, have _________ electron(s) in their outer shell. a. Require two electrons to complete their b. Require one electron to complete their c. Have one electron in their d. Have two electrons in their e. Have a full 31. Alkali metals, like lithium and sodium, have _________ electron(s) in their outer shell. a. Require two electrons to complete their b. Require one electron to complete their c. Have one electron in their d. Have two electrons in their e. Have a full 32. Chalcogens, like oxygen, have _________ electron(s) in their outer shell. a. Require two electrons to complete their b. Require one electron to complete their c. Have one electron in their d. Have two electrons in their e. Have a full 33. Halogens, like chlorine, have _________ electron(s) in their outer shell. a. Require two electrons to complete their b. Require one electron to complete their c. Have one electron in their d. Have two electrons in their e. Have a full 34. Which element is a special case because it sometimes acts like a metal and sometimes like a non-metal? a. Hydrogen b. Helium c. Boron d. Iodine 35. When elements are arranged according to atomic number, how many reversals of elements are necessary to fit the pattern? a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3 e. 4 36. (3) Draw Bohr diagrams of the first 2 alkaline earth metals (the second family or column) and label them with their symbol. ______ (symbol) ______ (symbol) ______ (symbol) 37. If a nitrogen atom has 7 protons and 7 neutrons, its atomic mass would be _______. 38. (3) Look at the periodic table and try to find 3 elements that you know. List them and briefly state what they are used for in real life. a. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ b. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ c. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 39. Bonus: Draw a Bohr diagram of a barium atom.