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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN
FEDERATION
FSAEI IN "Crimean
Federal University named after VERNADSKY"
Medical Academy named after SI Georgievsky
Beam diagnostics and radiotherapy
chair
Methodical
by independent extracurricular work of students
APPROVED:
Head. Of the
Professor
Department
Kradinov AI
(Name, title)
(signature)
" " ___________ '2016
" " ___________ '20
" " ___________ '20
The main educational program:
Course:
III
View classroom:
Subject№6:
Medicine
practical
Radiological methods of investigation of the cardiovascular system.
Roentgenanatomy heart. Radiation Angiology. Radiological diagnosis of heart
defects (congenital and acquired). Coronary heart disease, heart attack,
pericarditis.
Topics Curator:
Professor, Chernorotov VA, ass. Barketova DA
(Name, position, signature, date)
Discussed at the meeting of the department "29" January 2016, Protocol № 4
Discussed at the meeting of the department " " ____________201 , Protocol № ____
Discussed at the meeting of the department " " ____________201 , Protocol № ____
Simferopol
1. Relevance of the topic
The ray of the heart and great vessels can be performed using a non-invasive and invasive
techniques. Applied primarily non-invasive methods: X-ray, ultrasound, computed tomography,
magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear imaging. Invasive procedure - artificial contrasting of
vessels, which is carried out in a first stage intraluminal medical diagnostic procedures.
Radiographic techniques - x-ray, computed tomography - to allow the greatest degree of
certainty to determine the position, shape, size of the heart and great vessels. These bodies are
surrounded by light, so their shadows stand out clearly against the background of clear lung
fields.
The explosion occurred in the beam of cardiology at the beginning of XXI century, when
the X-ray computer and magnetic resonance tomography of the last generation, equipment with
powerful, high-performance computers and intellectual level programs. In cardiology radiation
started using graphics packages, providing visualization of the heart and blood vessels in realtime in many projections, using three-dimensional graphics with the automatic determination of
hemodynamic parameters. With their help, we managed to deliver a large number of patients
from the invasive diagnostic procedures. Moreover, radiologists received special plastic catheters
and prosthetic vessels and laser devices for the evaporation of atherosclerotic plaques. Thus, they
joined with medical diagnostic techniques manipulation.
All these achievements have led to the significant growth of current knowledge on the
elements of the cardiovascular system. Clinical medicine today, can not imagine the further
development without USP e Hove radiation diagnosis, it relates to many medical fields.
Knowledge of standards ray picture of the cardiovascular system and radiation semiotics
ra s individual diseases are an absolute requirement practice of modern doctor.
2. Purpose of training
2.1. Common goal:
To study and to know:
- Modern methods of radiation diagnosis of their capabilities in detecting diseases of the
cardiovascular system.
- Select the method of radiation research in the pathology of cardiovascular
System.
- Examine ray signs of morphological changes in cardiac pathology and
great vessels.
- Explore the radiation symptoms of diseases of the cardiovascular system.
- The main structural beam algorithm study of the heart and blood vessels.
- Radiation diagnosis of certain diseases of the heart muscle and congenital heart
disease and blood vessels.
- X-ray picture with:
1)
coronary artery disease and its complications,
2)
congenital pulmonary pattern with depletion:
a) an isolated pulmonary stenosis
b) tetralogy of Fallot: - narrowing of the pulmonary artery
- Ventricular septal defect
- "Top of th" sitting aorta
- Right ventricular hypertrophy
c) a triad of Fallot: - narrowing of the pulmonary artery
- Atrial septal defect
- Right ventricular hypertrophy
3)
birth defects with increased pulmonary pattern:
a) atrial septal defect
b) ventricular septal defect
c) patent ductus arteriosus.
For their accurate diagnosis is necessary to apply Angiocardiography.
4)
Algorithm of radiation research and the main beam symptoms of stenosis and
occlusions of blood vessels, aneurysms, varicose veins and arteries (aorta, vena Vienna,
limb vessels of the brain).
5)
Posttraumatic alterations in the vessels.
2.2. Private goal of independent work of students (IWS):
2.2.1. The student should know:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Methods of X-ray examination of the cardiovascular system (radiography, fluoroscopy
rentgenkimografiya, fluoroscopy, angiocardiography, coronary angiography, cardiac
catheterization and vascular, CT, MRI, ultrasound, radionuclide Heart Study).
Normal radial anatomy of the cardiovascular system, and in particular age-related
heart sstructure.
A private rentgenosemiotiku and other ray signs of diseases of the cardiovascular system.
The possibilities of different methods of radiation diagnosis in detecting heart disease and
blood vessels.
Radiation symptoms of diseases of the cardiovascular system.
2.2.2. The student should be able to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Check the direction of the department (office) beam diagnostics for analysis of the
cardiovascular system.
Choose a method of radiation research in the pathology of the cardiovascular system.
Determine the method of radiation studies presented at Docu ment of medical images (Xray, tomography, CT, MRI, ultrasound, etc.)
Analyze the symptoms of radiation pathology of the cardiovascular system.
3. Study the study material on the recommended literature (see. P The items 6).
4. Issues to be considered when Independent work of students:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
What method of beam diagnostics is fundamental in the study of the heart and blood
vessels.
What is the total rentgenosemiotika heart and vascular diseases (changes in heart draw the
configuration and status of lung pattern, and to give them an explanation).
Which method is an objective in the study of the contractile function of the heart
segments.
Which method is the most informative in the study and diagnosis of congenital heart
disease.
What method of beam diagnostics reveals defects in the ventricular and atrial walls.
What methods are used, in addition to the radial, to determine defects and atrial
interventricular partitions.
What is the most informative method for the determination of aneurysms of the arteries
and veins.
Which method is the most informative to identify adynamic ventricular zones, ie areas
with no reduction, which is typical for myocardial infarction.
5. Ancillary ing materials for self study
5.1. Spreadsheets / visual aids
1.
Driving interposition of the heart chambers and vessels on radiographs.
2.
Driving method of computed tomography.
3.
Driving MRI method.
4.
Driving: X-ray analysis algorithm with heart disease and blood vessels.
5.2. Sets the X-ray \ slides:
1.
Normal X-ray of the heart in 2 projections.
2.
CT - heart.
3.
CT - coronarogramma.
4.
Tomography perfusion of the heart.
5.
MR - angiocardiogramma with amplification.
6.
A sonogram of the heart.
6. Information sources
1. Kradinov A.I., Opryshko V.V. Lecture. Radio diagnostics and radiation therapy 2013.
2. F Global TextBook of Radiology. Edited by Holger Pettersson MD Professor of Radiology
University Hospital Lund, Sweden Educational and Scientific Director The NICER Institute. I –
Techniques CNS Musculoskeletal system Pediatrics Breast. The NICER Centennial Book 1995.
3. Diagnostic Radiology. Edited by N.Pilipenko. Kharkiv, Ukraiine, 2008.
4. Squire’s Fundamentals of Radiology. Fifth Edition. Robert A.Novelline, M.D. Professor of
Radiology, Harvard Medical School. Director, Emergency Radiology, and Director,
Undergraduate Radiology Education, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Harvard University Press. Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London, England, 2009.
5. The NICER Centennial Book 1995. F Global TextBook of Radiology. Edited by Holger
Pettersson MD Professor of Radiology University Hospital Lund, Sweden Educational and
Scientific Director The NICER Institute. II – Chest Abdomen Urogenital system Tropical
disease.
from.
Resources information and telecommunication network "Internet":
site Content
Methods of beam diagnostics
Radial anatomy of the
cardiovascular system
Radiation human anatomy
(Book)
medical consultant
student Consultant
Central Scientific Library of
Medicine
Federal electronic medical
library
Its Internet address.
http://www.slideshare.net/medumed/ss-8802053
http://www.twirpx.com/file/810752/
http://www.twirpx.com/file/300584/
www.rosmedlib.ru rnet
www.studmedlib.ru
http://www.scsml.rssi.ru/
http://193.232.7.109/feml