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Geosphere Project Name:____________________ Date:______________ Period:_______ Objective: Complete the project to demonstrate a deeper understanding of how the Earth changes over time. This will be done through researching your notes and creating a model as further evidence for understanding the processes explained below. Standard: Evidence from deep probes and seismic waves, reconstructions of historical changes in Earth’s surface and its magnetic field, and an understanding of physical and chemical processes lead to a model of Earth with a hot but solid inner core, a liquid outer core, a solid mantle and crust. Motions of the mantle and its plates occur primarily through thermal convection, which involves the cycling of matter due to the outward flow of energy from Earth’s interior and gravitational movement of denser materials toward the interior. Directions: Read the Rubric below to plan how your group will approach creating your model. You must use the row ESS2-1 to develop your model. The other two rows ESS2-2 and ESS1-5 are Extra Credit. They will be graded the same way as ESS2-1. The model that group makes can be in the form of a poster or a 3-D model of building blocks. Carefully read the requirements for the information to include in your report. You must use your notebooks, activity worksheets and handouts to fulfill the requirements. Each person in the group is responsible for knowing all the requirements written portion. However, you will be qualified on one requirement during the presentation of your project. Your grade will be given based off of this performance. Written Presentation Requirements: 1. Evidence of Convergent Boundary Movements must include the claim of how the plates move and evidence that has been collected in you notes and activities to support your claim. Part of your evidence must be a 3-D model or diagram of the process being discussed. 2. Evidence of Divergent Boundary Movements must include the claim of how the plates move and evidence that has been collected in you notes and activities to support your claim. Part of your evidence must be a 3-D model or diagram of the process being discussed. 3. Evidence of composition through earthquakes must include the claim of how the plates move and evidence that has been collected in you notes and activities to support your claim. Part of your evidence must be a 3-D model or diagram of the process being discussed. 4. Evidence of composition through volcanism must include the claim of how the plates move and evidence that has been collected in you notes and activities to support your claim. Part of your evidence must be a 3-D model or diagram of the process being discussed. Written Presentation Convergent Boundary Claim: Convergent boundaries move... _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ They move this way because... _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ The evidence for this comes from... _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Concept Map: Create a concept map of the sequence of events described above. This is just to get you started. You may add more boxes and you do not need to use all of them. Convergent boundaries move... They move this way because... Divergent Boundary Claim: Divergent boundaries move... _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ They move this way because... _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ The evidence for this comes from... _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Concept Map: Create a concept map of the sequence of events described above. This is just to get you started. You may add more boxes and you do not need to use all of them. Divergent boundaries move... They move this way because... Earthquakes Claim: Earthquakes demonstrate the relationship between plate tectonics and volcanoes by... _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ The evidence for this comes from... _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Concept Map: Create a concept map of the sequence of events described above. This is just to get you started. You may add more boxes and you do not need to use all of them. Earthquakes demonstrate the relationship between plate tectonics and volcanoes by... Volcanoes Claim: Volcanoes are formed through plate tectonics by... _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ The evidence for this comes from... _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Concept Map: Create a concept map of the sequence of events described above. This is just to get you started. You may add more boxes and you do not need to use all of them. Volcanoes are formed through plate tectonics by... Rubric/Scoring Guide Category/Score 1 2 3 4 ESS2-1:Develop a model to illustrate how Earth’s internal and surface processes operate at different spatial and temporal scales to form continental and oceanfloor features. Connections between Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes and Volcanoes. The model demonstrates limited geographic structures, such as, scale/sizes of continents and the sea floor. Few connections are made to demonstrate the relationship of volcanism and tectonic plates, tectonic plates, such as convergent and divergent boundaries and how they relate to earthquakes and volcanoes. Explanation during demonstration has many errors. The model demonstrates some geographic structures, such as, scale/sizes of continents and the sea floor. The model demonstrates most geographic structures, such as, scale/sizes of continents and the sea floor. Connections are made to demonstrate the relationship tectonic plates, such as convergent and divergent boundaries and how they relate to earthquakes and volcanoes. Explanation during demonstration has 1 - 2 errors. The model clearly demonstrates all geographic structures, such as, scale/sizes of continents and the sea floor. Clear connections are made to demonstrate the relationship of tectonic plates, such as convergent and divergent boundaries and how they relate to earthquakes and volcanoes. Explanation during demonstration has zero errors. Connections are made to demonstrate the relationship tectonic plates, tectonic plates, such as convergent and divergent boundaries and how they relate to earthquakes and volcanoes. Explanation during demonstration has 2-3 errors. Convergent Boundary: 1. Convergent boundaries move toward each other. 2. The lithosphere moves over the asthenosphere. 3. An example of this is subduction. 4. The heat from the core heats the mantle causing convection currents 5. These convection currents move the lithosphere over the asthenosphere. Divergent Boundary: 1. Divergent boundaries move away each other. 2. The lithosphere moves over the asthenosphere. 3. An example of this is sea floor spreading. 4. The heat from the core heats the mantle causing convection currents 5. These convection currents move the lithosphere over the asthenosphere. 6. New crust forms from the material in the mantle/asthenosphere. Earthquakes: 1. Earthquakes take place at convergent boundaries. 2. Convergent boundaries are where two plates come together to form a fault. 3. These two plates are under stress. 4. When one plate moves under another, it causes an earthquake. 5. The plate that moves, the lithosphere moves under the asthenosphere of the other plate. 6. The lithosphere gets melted by the mantle/asthenosphere. 7. This material moves up to the surface of the crust. 8. This creates a volcano. Volcanes: 1. Volcanoes are founded near or at convergent boundaries. 2. The lithosphere of one side moves under the lithosphere of the other. 3. The material from the lithosphere is melted by the mantle/asthenosphere. 4. The material rises to the surface and creates a volcano in the crust. 5. The material that is ejected gives scientists a clue as to the composition of the Earth's interior.