Download Weather Tools and Symbols - Milton 7th Grade Advanced Science

Meteorology:
The Science of
Weather
Follow along with this PowerPoint and take
notes in your Meteorology Foldable
Foldable Topics
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Convection
Humidity
Air Pressure
Fronts
Jet Stream
Air Masses
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Winds
Gyres
Ocean Currents
Weather Tools &
Equipment
Convection
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Heating of Earth’s surface and atmosphere by
the Sun drives convection within the
atmosphere and oceans, producing winds and
ocean currents.
Warm air Rises, Cool air sinks !!
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Warm air rises because the molecules become excited and spread out
making it less dense
Cool air sinks as molecules become more dense
Types:
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Moist convection- occurs over bodies of water and produces clouds
Dry convection- occurs over land and produces clear skies (no clouds)
Convection and Breezes
Sea Breeze: Wind
comes from the sea
toward the land
Land Breeze: Wind
comes from the land
toward the sea.
Uneven Heating of Earth Surface
Equator-Tropics
Humidity
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Humidity: How much water vapor is in the air.
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The amount of water vapor in the air affects the
density of the air.
Relative Humidity:
Measure of the amount of water vapor actually in the
air compared to the maximum amount the air could
hold at a certain temperature.
 Meteorologists use % to show relative humidity
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Relative Humidity - This graph shows how temperature
affects the amount of water vapor that air can hold
Humidity
 Dew
Point:
 Temperature
at which condensation
forms because the air is holding all
the water vapor it can hold.
Air Pressure
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Air Pressure differences cause WIND!
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“High to Low makes the WIND BLOW!”
Isobars:
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Lines on a weather map that connect areas of equal
pressure.
Common Weather Map Symbols:
Pressure
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Low pressure is
caused from warm
air rising (warm air
is less dense which
has less pressure)
High pressure is
caused from cold
air sinking (cold air
is more dense
which causes more
pressure)
Fronts
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A front is a boundary between air
masses of different temperatures
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(Example: warm air meets cold air)
Fronts cause a change in weather
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(Example: warm air meets cold air)
Cold Fronts
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Cold Front
When cold air
pushes into
warm air,
forcing the
warm air up
quickly, causing
it to cool,
condense, and
form clouds.
Severe weather
could result.
Symbol:
Warm Fronts
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Warm Front
The front that
occurs when
warm air is
pushed into cold
air. This forces
the warm air up,
causing it to
cool, condense,
and form clouds.
Symbol:
Stationary Front
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Stationary Front
A front where a
warm air mass and
a cold air mass
meet but neither
advances. This kind
of front can
remain in the same
location for
several days.
Cloudiness and
precipitation occur
along the front.
Symbol
Occluded Front
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Occluded Front
Forms when a fast-moving cold front overtakes a
slower warm front. Another less common
occluded front occurs when a warm front
overtakes a cold front. Both types can produce
cloudy weather with precipitation.
Symbol:
Common Weather Map Symbols