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Biomes DQ 2014-2015 1 1. Liana plants are woody vines that grow on some trees in rain forests. What are the vines probably adapted for? A competing with other plants for oxygen B preventing predators from eating beneficial insects C growing through layers of foliage to reach available sunlight D absorbing some of the nutrients found in the soil Justification--______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Cacti grow slowly compared to most other plants. The fact that cacti keep their stomata closed for much of the day can help explain this growth characteristic. Which of these best explains the advantage of keeping stomata closed during the day? A. It limits water loss through transpiration. B. It conserves oxygen produced in photosynthesis. C. It recycles carbon dioxide within plant systems. D. It protects plant tissues from predators. Justification--______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Some kinds of fish live most of their lives in salt water but lay their eggs in freshwater. Their ability to survive in different environments is an example of --A. adaptation B. selective breeding C. a habit D. developmental stages Justification--______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Why are there so few plants that live at the ground level in a tropical rainforest? A. The forest floor contains many decomposers. B. Sunlight is blocked by tall, leaf-covered plants. C. Rainfall is absorbed by the flat, broad tree leaves. D. The temperature is extremely low most of the year. Justification--______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. A single species of squirrel evolved over time into two species, each on opposite sides of the Grand Canyon. This change was most likely due to --A higher mutation rates on one side. B low genetic diversity in the initial population. C the isolation of the two groups. D differences in reproductive rates. Justification--______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Some mesquite trees have deeper roots than any other plant in the desert. How are deep roots an adaptation for survival in the desert? A Deep roots can protect the tree from predators. B Roots can extend great distances to reach water. C Roots encounter cooler conditions far below the desert surface. D Deep roots interact with beneficial bacteria below the surface. Justification--______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Which of the following would most likely increase a population's chances of survival through time? A. a high mortality rate B. a large population size C. a low rate of reproduction D. low genetic diversity Justification--______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. The spotted cuscus lives in Australia’s tropical rainforest region. This mammal is primarily active at night and feeds on fruit and leaves. Which of the following traits would be found in the spotted cuscus? A. short tail B. broad feet C. large eyes D. sharp teeth Justification--______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ Biomes DQ 2014-2015 2 9. On the Galápagos Islands, finches adapted over time to different food sources through changes in their beak structure. Which of the following most likely resulted from the finches’ beak structure adaptations? A. a decreased predation on finches B. an increased species diversity of finches C. an increased competition among finches D. a decreased reproductive rate in finches Justification--______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Which adaptive feature is expected to be found in plants native to a tropical rainforest biome? A Flowers that attract pollinating insects B Roots that store large amounts of water C Stems that tolerate freezing temperatures D Seeds that sprout only in the presence of fire Justification--______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. The graph is a climatogram of a particular biome. Which adaptation would be seen in animals in this biome? A. long thin bodies B. strong thick hooves C. thick body fat layers D. dark colored feathers Justification--___________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ 12. A common ancestor gave rise to fourteen species of Darwin’s finches, which live on the Galapagos Islands. The finches that colonized different habitats on the islands diverged into different species. Which of the following explains the process that led to the divergence of finches? A. Through gene isolation, the finches were unable to adapt due to a limited gene pool. B. Through natural selection, the finches adapted to different food sources in their habitats. C. Through natural fragmentation, the finches were unable to interbreed in different habitats. D. Through gene recombination, the finches began to develop different physical characteristics. Justification--______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. The fennec, shown below, is a small fox-like creature native to North Africa. It lives in a very dry climate and has large ears that help rid its body of excess heat. The size and body structures of the fennec are the result of what process? A. succession B. genetic engineering C. selective breeding D. natural selection Justification--_______________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 14. A terrestrial biome is warm year-round, averaging 24-29C with seasonal rainfall. The dry season in this biome can last up to nine months. Many varieties of grasses and scattered trees are the primary producers. Which of these animals are most common in this biome? A. hibernating mammals B. tree-dwelling mammals C. small nocturnal mammals D. large herbivorous mammals Justification--______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________