Download Evidence Scavenger Hunt

Title
The Historical Development of the Five Kingdoms
Skill
Using Text as Evidence to Support an Argument
EBA Activity
Evidence Scavenger Hunt: See Page ___
Claims
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Procedure
The Five Kingdoms were once two kingdoms.
Microscopes aided scientists in learning about cells
structures.
One Kingdom has organisms can have plant like
characteristics and animal like characteristics.
1950 was an important year for classifying living things.
[30 minutes] Evidence Scavenger Hunt
[10 minutes] Using Evidence Soapbox
[20 minutes] Mini lesson on the historical development of the
five kingdoms
Timing/Pacing
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Before this lesson students will have learned about the
five kingdoms, their characteristics, and what makes
them different.
This activity takes 30 minutes.
This activity will occur at the begging of the lesson.
After this lesson students will begin reviewing for a quiz
on the five kingdoms.
Notes
Using text and especially having students annotate text to
illustrate the roots of scientific thinking is beneficial to students
by incorporating argumentation, scientific thinking and literacy
skills.
Follow-Up Activities
To add an oral component, follow up with an Using Evidence
Soapbox.
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Name:_____________________________________ Class: ________________ Date:______________
Evidence Scavenger Hunt:
Students will race in pairs to both find textual evidence and to explain how the text SUPPORTS OR
DISPROVES the claim. Every team that correctly answers that statement will receive 1 point and the first
group to answer in each round will receive 2 points. The best analysis will receive 3 points.
Claim
“QUOTE”- page/line number
SUPPORT
DISPROVE
SUPPORT
DISPROVE
SUPPORT
DISPROVE
SUPPORT
DISPROVE
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Warrant
Analysis – How does the quote support
or disprove the claim
Animal Kingdom and Plant Kingdom
The Greek philosopher, Aristotle (384-322 BC), placed living things into two groups – Plants
and Animals. This grouping continued for 2000 years until about a the 17th century when
Dutch scientist, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek , looked at pond water under the simple
microscope he made , and observed tiny organisms swimming about in the water. At that time
nothing was known about these organisms, so they were placed in into one of the two groups-plant or animal, as seen fit.
In the 18th century Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) added the term Kingdom when naming the
two groups of organisms, giving Animal Kingdom and Plant Kingdom. A kingdom in life
science therefore is a large group of living organisms with many features or characteristics in
common.
The Third Kingdom: Protista
By the 19th century, more and better microscopes were made and scientist found many more
kinds of the single celled microscopic organisms. It was difficult to classify these new microorganisms as plant or animals, so in 1866 German Biologist Ernst Haeckel proposed a new
Kingdom – Protista. He then proposed that living things be grouped based on whether they are
unicellular (Protista) or multicellular (Animalia and Plantae). This solved the problem of having
to decide whether the unicellular organisms were plants or animals.
The organisms in this kingdom that showed plant like characteristics are called algae, and those
with animal like characteristics are called protozoans.
The Fourth Kingdom: Monera
In 1925, with the development of powerful microscopes, scientist learned more about cell
structure. They found that many cells had smaller parts or organelles that were bound or
surrounded by a membrane. One of the membrane bound organelles was an almost centrally
located nucleus. definite almost centrally nucleus.
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However, scientist did find some unicellular organisms such as bacteria which had no definite
nucleus and no membrane bound organelles. Those cells with a definite nucleus were called
eukaryotic cells and those with no definite nucleus were called prokaryotic cells. These
prokaryotic organisms were placed in the Kingdom Protisa.
In 1938, American Scientist Herbert Copeland proposed removing prokaryotic organisms from
the Kingdom protista, to a separate Kingdom called Monera. This Kingdom consists of Bacteria.
The Fifth Kingdom:
Move forward to 1950. Up to these point fungi such as yeast, mushroom, toadstool, were in the
kingdom Plantae, and were described as ‘non-green plants’. The reason for placing fungi and
plants in the same kingdom was that both groups (except yeast of fungi) are multi-cellular.
However there are some major differences between these two groups.
(i)The cells of fungi have cell walls but the cell walls are made of a substance called chitin. On
the other hand, the cell walls of plant cells are made of cellulose.
(ii) Cells of fungi do not have chloroplasts with chlorophyll. So fungi cannot make their food by
photosynthesis. Fungi obtain their food by decomposing dead organic matter.
In 1950, Robert Whittaker, another American scientist proposed the fifth kingdom Fungi to place
organisms such as yeast, mushroom, toadstools.
Since 1950, this five kingdom system of living things has been widely used for classifying living
things.
Boston Debate League © 2012
Facilitator Claims
Claim
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Boston Debate League © 2012
The Five Kingdoms were once two
kingdoms.
Microscopes aided scientists in learning
about cells structures.
One Kingdom has organisms can have
plant like characteristics and animal
like characteristics.
1950 was an important year for
classifying living things.