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Download Bell Ringer: What happens during the S phase of the cell cycle
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Mitosis Catalyst: How do organisms grow? What happens during interphase? Write in complete sentences! Don’t talk during the Catalyst! Objectives By the end of the period, SWBAT… Describe the five phases of mitosis Explain why mitosis produces two identical cells Definitions – In case you missed them… Sex cells = sperm and egg cells Somatic cells = all other cells in your body DNA = genetic code that instructs the cell how to run (it’s what makes you “you”) Chromosome = pieces of coiled DNA. They look like Xs. Catalyst Review How do organisms grow? They create new cells! One cell divides into two The new cell is an exact copy of the previous cell This process is called mitosis Catalyst Review What happens in interphase? Cells do their normal cell things Heart cells beat Plant cells photosynthesize Eye cells let you see Skin cells protect you from stuff outside your body When cells are ready to divide, make an exact copy of their DNA Catalyst Review Remember… Somatic (body) cells normally have 23 pairs of chromosomes 2N = 2 PAIRS When they are ready to divide, they make copies of their DNA 4N = 4 PAIRS Mitosis CHALLENGE! Are you up for it? Arrange the four pictures in order that makes sense to you and your group! There will be a prize for the group that gets the correct answer AND can explain why they chose this order. Remember: In mitosis, a somatic cell creates an exact copy of itself. Stage #1: Interphase Normally cells are 2N (two copies of each chromosome) When cells are ready to divide, the cell’s DNA doubles Cell becomes 4N (four copies of each chromosome) Chromosome Pairs In interphase, chromosomes duplicate and form pairs When a chromosome is in a pair, it is called a chromatid Stage #1: Interphase 2N Phase #2: Prophase 4N Sister chromatids attach to each other Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell Nuclear membrane breaks Allows freely chromatids to move Phase #3: Metaphase 4N Sister chromatids line up in the center of the cell (“metaphase plate”) Spindles shoot out of centrioles, and attach to sister chromatids WHY would sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate?!?!?! Phase #3: Metaphase Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm Phase #4: Anaphase 4N Spindles pull sister chromatids apart to opposite ends of the cell WHY would sister chromatids move to opposite ends of the cell?!?!?! Phase #4: Anaphase Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm Phase #5: Telophase 4N Nuclear membrane reforms Spindle breaks apart Cleavage furrow forms, “pinching” the cell in half WHY would the cleavage furrow split the cell in half?!?!?! Phase #1: Interphase 2N Now we have two identical cells!!! Phase #5: Telophase Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm Animal Mitosis: Review Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase Plant Mitosis: Review Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase THANKS MR. LY FOR THE SWEET MOVIE!!! WOW MR. LY YOU RULE!!! Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase I Paint Many Amazing T-shirts WHO’S PAYING ATTENTION? What type of cell does mitosis occur in? What is the starting point of mitosis? What are the end products of mitosis? What are the names of the stages of mitosis? Guided Practice Today, we will move around the classroom to answer questions on the board. You have 10 seconds to get to each spot. In the middle of the classroom – Interphase By the door into the classroom – Prophase By the stereo – Metaphase By the computers – Anaphase By the college poster – Telophase Which phase is this? In the middle of the classroom – Interphase By the door into the classroom – Prophase By the stereo – Metaphase By the computers – Anaphase By the college poster – Telophase Which phase is this? In the middle of the classroom – Interphase By the door into the classroom – Prophase By the stereo – Metaphase By the computers – Anaphase By the college poster – Telophase Which phase is this? In the middle of the classroom – Interphase By the door into the classroom – Prophase By the stereo – Metaphase By the computers – Anaphase By the college poster – Telophase Which phase is this? In the middle of the classroom – Interphase By the door into the classroom – Prophase By the stereo – Metaphase By the computers – Anaphase By the college poster – Telophase Which phase is this? In the middle of the classroom – Interphase By the door into the classroom – Prophase By the stereo – Metaphase By the computers – Anaphase By the college poster – Telophase Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell Which phase is this? In the middle of the classroom – Interphase By the door into the classroom – Prophase By the stereo – Metaphase By the computers – Anaphase By the college poster – Telophase Cleavage furrow forms, pinching the cell in half. Which phase is this? In the middle of the classroom – Interphase By the door into the classroom – Prophase By the stereo – Metaphase By the computers – Anaphase By the college poster – Telophase In between cell divisions, when the cell does its thaaaaang. Which phase is this? In the middle of the classroom – Interphase By the door into the classroom – Prophase By the stereo – Metaphase By the computers – Anaphase By the college poster – Telophase When chromosomes are pulled to opposite sides of the cell. Which phase occurs AFTER this? In the middle of the classroom – Interphase By the door into the classroom – Prophase By the stereo – Metaphase By the computers – Anaphase By the college poster – Telophase Chromatids attach to each other and centrioles begin to move to opposite sides of the cell. Which phase occurs AFTER this? In the middle of the classroom – Interphase By the door into the classroom – Prophase By the stereo – Metaphase By the computers – Anaphase By the college poster – Telophase Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. Which phase occurs AFTER this? In the middle of the classroom – Interphase By the door into the classroom – Prophase By the stereo – Metaphase By the computers – Anaphase By the college poster – Telophase Chromatids are pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell. Conclusion I Paint Many Amazing T-shirts! Prophase – chromatids attach to each other Metaphase – chromatids line up in the middle of the cell Anaphase – chromatids are pulled to opposite ends of the cell Telophase – cleavage furrow forms and pinches off two cells Mitosis ends up with two identical cells! Exit Question What are the phases of mitosis in order? What must occur before mitosis (think DNA)? Write in complete sentences! Don’t talk during the Catalyst!
