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Transcript
Chapter 15.1 Energy is the ability to do work. Work and energy are very closely related! Work is a transfer of energy. Work and energy are measured in joules (J). Think about the work and energy involved in doing something as simple as carrying your backpack! The energy of motion. The kinetic energy of any moving object depends upon its mass and speed. KINETIC ENERGY FORMULA: KE= ½ mv2 mass in kg Velocity in m/s KE in J (joules) *Hint- Square your velocity first, multiply by your mass, and then multiply by .5 A .10 kg bird is flying at a constant speed of 8.0 m/s. What is the bird’s kinetic energy? Energy that is stored as a result of position or shape and has the potential to do work. Why are these pictures examples of potential energy? Potential energy that depends upon an object’s height. Depends on its mass, height, and acceleration due to gravity. POTENTIAL ENERGY FORMULA: PE= mgh mass is in kg Gravity is 9.8 m/s2 Height in meters PE in J (joules) A diver at the top of a 10 m high platform has a mass of 50 kg. What is her gravitational potential energy? The potential energy of an object that is stretched or compressed. The major forms of energy are mechanical energy, thermal energy, chemical energy, electrical energy, electromagnetic energy, and nuclear energy. Energy associated with the motion and position of everyday objects. Sum of the object’s potential and kinetic energy The total potential energy of all the microscopic particles make up its thermal energy. When atoms move faster, the thermal energy increases and objects become warmer. The energy stored in the chemical bonds in compounds. When the bonds are broken, energy is released to do work. Example: Car burning gasoline to move. The energy associated with electric charges. Example: lightning, calculators Form of energy that travels through space in the form of waves. Ex: visible light, UV rays, X-rays The energy stored in atomic nuclei. Ex: Nuclear fission and fusion
