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Force and Motion
Study Slides
Keep in mind…
• This is not EVERYTHING. Don’t just
use this as your only review tool.
– PowerPoint on the resources tab.
– Answers to labs (Newton’s centers),
notes, VOCABULARY, etc. on the table
of contents tab.
– YOUR STUDY GUIDE.
– MAKE flashcards, a quizlet, a kahoot,
etc.
1 Tally Questions
#1
Which pair of objects has the same
speed, but different velocities?
5 bonus point for explaining how you
knew—Address both speed and
velocity
# 1 Answer
Which pair of objects has the same speed, but different velocities? C
Arrows are the SAME SCALAR SIZE (Same Speed) and
pointing DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS (Different
Velocity). Vectors are pointed in different directions.
#2
Newton’s 1st Law states
A. An object will change velocity if it is
pushed or pulled upon (Force = Mass x
Acceleration)
B. An object at rest tends to stay at rest
and an object in motion tends to stay in
motion with the same speed and in the
same direction unless acted upon by an
unbalanced force.
C. For every action there is an equal and
opposite reaction.
# 2 Answer
Newton’s 1st Law states
A. An object will change velocity if it is pushed or
pulled upon (Force = Mass x Acceleration)
B. An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an
object in motion tends to stay in motion with
the same speed and in the same direction
unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
C. For every action there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
#3
In order for a space shuttle to leave Earth,
it must produce a great amount of
thrust. Its rocket boosters create this
thrusting force by burning great
amounts of fuel. However, once in
space, the shuttle needs very little fuel.
It can continue as it is as long as
nothing gets in the way.
What term describes the motion of the
shuttle as it moves through space?
# 3 answer
In order for a space shuttle to leave Earth,
it must produce a great amount of
thrust. Its rocket boosters create this
thrusting force by burning great
amounts of fuel. However, once in
space, the shuttle needs very little fuel.
It can continue as it is as long as
nothing gets in the way.
What term describes the motion of the
shuttle as it moves through space?
Inertia
#4
You and a friend are pushing two
boxes across the room. Your box
is twice as heavy as your friends.
Who is able to accelerate faster?
Which one of Newton’s laws explains
this?
# 4 Answer
You and a friend are pushing two boxes
across the room. Your box is twice as
heavy as your friends.
Who is able to accelerate faster? Your
Friend—less mass
Which one of Newton’s laws explains this?
2nd
F=MxA
*Less mass requires less force to get
moving!
#5
You and a friend are both pulling
wagons. Your friends is MUCH
lighter than yours. You both start
running and are eventually going
the same speed…..
Who will be able stop moving with
more ease? Why? (Hint--Which
term explains this???)
# 5 Answer
You and a friend are both pulling wagons. Your
friends is MUCH lighter than yours. You both
start running and are eventually going the
same speed…..
Who will be able stop moving with more ease?
Why? (Hint--Which term explains this???)
Your friend’s can stop easier because his/her
wagon weighs less (less mass), so it requires
less force to stop its movement.
…..it has less MOMENTUM (Mass x Velocity)
#6
By Newton's 3rd law, we are told that every action
has an equal and opposite reaction. Why is it
then that when a person fires a bullet with a gun,
the forces don't cancel out?
a) Because the force supplied is from the explosion
b) Because force does not equal mass time
acceleration.
c) Because the forces applied are on the opposite
objects, so each reacts according to IT’S mass.
d) Because the forces applied are on the same
object, so Newton is wrong.
# 6 Answer
By Newton's 3rd law, we are told that every action
has an equal and opposite reaction. Why is it
then that when a person fires a bullet with a gun,
the forces don't cancel out?
a) Because the force supplied is from the explosion
b) Because force does not equal mass time
acceleration.
c) Because the forces applied are on the opposite
objects, so each reacts according to IT’S mass.
d) Because the forces applied are on the same
object, so Newton is wrong.
#7
• A force is defined as a:
a) A fall
b) A push or pull
c) A push
d) A pull
#7answer
• A force is defined as a:
a) A fall
b) A push or pull
c) A push
d) A pull
#8
• Of the following forces, categorize
which are CONTACT forces and
which are NON-contact.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Applied
Magnetism
Friction
Drag
Gravity
Thrust
Normal
#8-Answer
•
Of the following forces, categorize which are CONTACT forces and which
are NON-contact.
CONTACT (must touch) NON-contact
(acts at a distance)
•
•
•
•
•
Applied
Friction
Drag
Thrust
Normal
Gravity
Magnetism
2 Tally Questions
Honors only for the next
5 slides. MS Credit click
the spacebar 7 times.
Honors Reminders
•
Remember, ENERGY is the ability to do Work!!!!! SO you cannot do work without
energy.
•
Work = when force is used to move an object a distance
•
Formula = Work = Force x Distance
What happens when you try to move a heavy box and it
goes nowhere? You didn’t do any work! HAHAHAHA!
No really…scientifically…you didn’t.
Work = FORCE x a big fat ZERO distance! Eek!
A boy uses 54 Newtons of force to move an object 1.75
meters. How much work did he do?
• 54 N x 1.75 meters = 94.5 Joules
Honors Reminders
continued…
Power- the rate at which work is done. It is the
work/time ratio. Mathematically, it is computed using
the following equation.
• Formula for Power (when related to work):
Power = Work / time
A girl does 175 Joules of work in 3 seconds on an 80 kg mass. How
much Power did she use?
• P = 175 Joules / 3 seconds DON’T get confused by extra
information!
58.3 Joules/sec
Honors Only
• A student pushes
a table across Mrs.
Twedt’s room,
exerting 25
Newtons of force
and doing 125
joules of work.
How far did the
student push the
table?
Honors Only
• A student pushes
a table across Mrs.
Twedt’s room,
exerting 25
Newtons of force
and doing 125
125 Joules = 25 N x __ Meters
joules of work.
How far did the
student push the 125 ÷ 25 = 5 meters
table?
Honors only
• A 2 kg box was
pushed with a
force of 15 N for 5
meters. It took 3
seconds to move
the box. How
much POWER
was created by
the box?
• *Ignore friction.
Honors only
• A 2 kg box was
pushed with a
force of 15 N for 5
meters. It took 3
seconds to move
the box. How Ignoring friction, the weight of the box is
irrelevant. SO
much POWER
Force = 15 N Distance = 5 meters so 15 x
was created by 5 = 75. 75 Joules = work.
the box?
Power = Work ÷ Time
25 Joules / Second = 75 Joules ÷ 3 seconds
• *Ignore friction.
#1
Time
Distance
(seconds) (meters)
0
0
What is the speed of 2
the toy car?
4
14
6
42
8
56
10
70
12
84
Show your work.
28
# 1 Answer
What is the speed of
the toy car?
Speed = Distance / Time
Choose any Distance and divide by time. For
example 42 Meters / 6 Seconds =
7 m/s
*Keep in mind, SPEED in this case means
AVERAGE Speed. TOTAL Distance divided
by TOTAL time = Average Speed. IT
DOESN’T matter what happens in the middle!
#2
With its excellent vision, a falcon spots a rabbit in
the field over which the falcon is soaring. If the
falcon dives at an average speed of 100 m/s
from a height of 800 meters (0.8 km), how long
would it take the falcon to catch the rabbit?
A. 125 seconds
B. 80 seconds
C. 20 seconds
D. 8 seconds
# 2 Answer
With its excellent vision, a falcon spots a rabbit in
the field over which the falcon is soaring. If the
falcon dives at an average speed of 100 m/s
from a height of 800 meters (0.8 km), how long
would it take the falcon to catch the rabbit?
A.
B.
C.
D.
125 seconds
80 seconds
20 seconds
8 seconds
Speed = Distance
Time
100 m/s = 800 meters
x
#3
Which one of Newton’s laws
allows a space shuttle to
accelerate by burning fuel
(thrust)?
----Write this law by definition as
well (explain it).
# 3 Answer
Which one of Newton’s laws allows a
space shuttle to accelerate by
burning fuel (thrust)? 3rd!!
----For every action there is an equal
and opposite reaction –Rocket
moves upward with the same force
the thrust pushes in the opposite
direction.
#4
Bao and Andrew are investigating forces. The following picture shows
forces acting on a sneaker.
Applied
Friction
Gravity
Normal
If the sneaker remains motionless, which statement is true?
A.
Normal and Friction have the same strength and Applied and
Gravity have the same strength.
B.
Applied, Friction, Gravity, and Normal all have exactly the same
strength.
C.
Friction has greater strength than Applied.
D.
Applied and Friction have equal strength (Balanced).
# 4 answer
Bao and Andrew are investigating forces. The following picture shows
forces acting on a sneaker.
F Applied
Friction
Gravity
Normal
If the sneaker remains motionless, which statement is true?
A.
Normal and Friction have the same strength and Applied and
Gravity have the same strength.
B.
Applied, Friction, Gravity, and Normal all have exactly the same
strength.
C.
Friction has greater strength than Applied.
D.
Applied and Friction have equal strength (Balanced).
#5
As we mentioned in the last slide,
Weight is a Force of Gravity.
Therefore, in order to find weight as
a force, what formula do you use?
# 5 Answer
As we mentioned in the last slide,
Weight is a Force of Gravity.
Therefore, in order to find weight
as a force, what formula do you
use?
F = MA
4 Tally Questions
#1
An object weighs 160 N. What is its
mass?
# 1 Answer
An object weighs 160 N. What is its mass?
F = MA
160 N = ___x 9.8 m/s
Mass = 16.3 Kg
#2
Explain the difference between Mass
and Weight.
# 2 Answer
Explain the difference between Mass and Weight.
Mass is simply the amount of matter in an
object (measured in grams or Kilograms).
Weight is the amount of gravity (force)
being placed on that mass. It is
measured in Newtons if mentioned as a
force.
# 3Anne and Juan rolled four
different objects down a
ramp. They measured the
distance each object rolled
and the time until each
object came to a stop.
They plotted each point
and connected it with a
line from origin of the
graph.
1. Which object had the slowest speed?
2. How did you know?
3. Were all objects traveling at a constant speed?
4. How did you know?
# 3Anne
answer
and Juan rolled four
different objects down a
ramp. They measured the
distance each object rolled
and the time until each
object came to a stop.
They plotted each point
and connected it with a
line from origin of the
graph.
1. Which object had the slowest speed? D
2. How did you know? Slope is the LEAST steep
3. Were all objects traveling at a constant speed?
YES
4. How did you know? All show linear relationships.
#4
1. Which indicates a constant speed?
2. Which car shows only positive acceleration?
# 4 Answer
1. Which indicates a constant speed? B
2. Which car shows only positive acceleration? C
#5
A moving object collides with a stationary object. Which of
the following statements is true according to Newton’s
third law of motion?
A. Each object exerts a force on the other, and the two
forces are equal and in opposite directions.
B. Each object exerts a force on the other, and the two
forces are the same in magnitude and direction.
C. Each object exerts a force on the other, and the two
forces are proportional to the masses of the objects.
D. The moving object exerts a force on the stationary
object, but the stationary object does not exert a force
on the moving object.
#5
A moving object collides with a stationary object. Which of
the following statements is true according to Newton’s
third law of motion?
A. Each object exerts a force on the other, and the two
forces are equal and in opposite directions.
B. Each object exerts a force on the other, and the two
forces are the same in magnitude and direction.
C. Each object exerts a force on the other, and the two
forces are proportional to the masses of the objects.
D. The moving object exerts a force on the stationary
object, but the stationary object does not exert a force
on the moving object.
#6
If you were orbiting Earth, you would weigh less
than you do standing on Earth. Why would your
weight in orbit be lower than your weight on
Earth’s surface?
A. There would be too great a distance between
you and Earth for gravity to have any effect.
B. There would be a greater distance between you
and Earth, and gravity is related to distance.
C. You would have more mass in orbit, and gravity
is related to mass.
D. The gravities of satellites and other objects in
orbit around Earth would contribute to your
weight while you were in orbit.
#6 Answer
If you were orbiting Earth, you would weigh less
than you do standing on Earth. Why would your
weight in orbit be lower than your weight on
Earth’s surface?
A. There would be too great a distance between
you and Earth for gravity to have any effect.
B. There would be a greater distance between you
and Earth, and gravity is related to distance.
C. You would have more mass in orbit, and gravity
is related to mass.
D. The gravities of satellites and other objects in
orbit around Earth would contribute to your
weight while you were in orbit.
5 Tally Questions
FOR THE GROUP
#1
A car is traveling at 9 m/s. The car’s
speed increases to 18 m/s in 3
seconds as it passes the truck
ahead of it. What is the acceleration
of the car? Show your work.
# 1 Answer
A car is traveling at 9 m/s. The car’s speed
increases to 18 m/s in 3 seconds as it
passes the truck ahead of it. What is the
acceleration of the car? Show your work.
(final velocity-initial velocity) ÷ time=
Acceleration
(18 m/s-9 m/s) = 9 m/s 9m/s ÷ 3s = 3 m/s2
2
The car accelerates at 3 m/s