Download Bank of Krok testing to module N1 Morphology of bacteria 7

Bank of Krok testing to module N1
Morphology of bacteria
7.
Immunofluorescence reaction is widely used for express-diagnostics of many bacterial and viral
infections. Choose the type of the microscope needed for this reaction.
A.Light microscope.
D.Phase-contrast microscope.
B.
Electron microscope.
C.
Fluorescence microscope.
E.
Dark-field microscope.
10.
The essential drawback of the microscopy method of infection diagnostics is insufficient
informativeness caused by morphologic similarity of many mi-croorganisms. Which of the
following
can increase the informativeness?
A. Radioimmunoassay.
B.
Coombs' test.
C.
ELISA.
D.Opsonization reaction.
E.
Immunofluorescence testing.
*Immunofluorescence test belongs to widely used rapid (express) methods of infectious diseases
diagnostics. Which properties of bacteria are estimated for their identification at this type of
testing?
Morphological and tinctorial
Morphological and antigenic
Antigenic and immunogenic
Cultural and biochemical
*During microbiology lesson students have acquainted with microscopy method of laboratory
diagnostics. Which property of bacteria may be studied with this method?
Morphological, tinctorial
Cultural
Antigenic
Toxigenic
Biochemical
20.
Furuncle pus smear showed spherical microbes arranged in grape-like clusters. Name
these microorganisms.
A.Staphilococci.
B.
Diplococci.
C.
Micrococci.
D.Streptococci.
E.
Tetracocci.
*At microscopy of the wound discharge gram-positive spherical cells arranged in “grape-like clusters “
have been revealed. Which group can seen microorganisms be belong to?
Staphylococcus
Clostridia
Streptococcus
Mycoplasma
Gonococcus
70. Students have been proposed to stain a mixture of bacteria by Gram's method and explain the
mechanism of staining at a microbiology practical class. Name the morphological structures of
bacteria that cause Gram-negative or Gram-positive staining of bacteria.
A.CPM (cytoplasm membrane).
B.
Cell wall.
C.
Capsule.
D. .Flagella.
E. Cytoplasm.
*At laboratory diagnostics of many infectious diseases Gram staining technique is used. Which structure
of microbial cell is responsible for ability of taking a dye?
Cytoplasmic membrane
Cell wall
Mesosomes
Capsule
Plasmids
*04* 2013* At staining of the smear from sputum collected from the patient with suspicious lobar
pneumonia such dyes and reagents have been used as crystal violet and Lugol’s iodine solutions,
960 alcohol, and fuchsine solution. Which method of staining has been used in this case?
Loeffler’s
Neisser’s
*Gram’s
Ziehl-Neelsen’s
Romanovsky-Giemsa’s
* Microorganisms surrounded with capsule have been revealed in the smear prepared from the sputum of
the patient with croupous pneumonia. Which chemical compound of revealed cellular organella is?
RNA
Polysaccharides
Peptidoglycane
Lipids
DNA
*2013* *Microscopic investigation of pathological samples stained with Burri-Hins´ technique from the
patient with suspicious plague is made into the laboratory of life-threatining diseases. Which
property of causative agent does this method allow to study?
Capsule formation
Spore formation
Acid-fast property (acid resistance)
Alkaline resistance
Volutine granules presence
*b-12 At microscopy of bacterial culture fusiform spore-forming blue- violet after staining by Gram
microorganisms have been revealed. Which kind of microorganisms has been revealed?
Streptococci
Spirochetes
Clostridia
Actinomyces
Diplococci
*b-12 Rod-shaped blue microorganisms with terminal spherical red components are seen in the smear
stained by Aujesky´s method. Which name of these components is ?
Spores
Flagella
Pili (fimbria)
Capsules
Mesosomes
*08* A specimen stained by Ozheshko (Aujesky) method contains rod-like microorganisms stained blue
with round terminal components stained red. What are these components called?
Cilia
Capsules
Flagella
Spores
Mesosomes
*At staining of the sputum smear the such dyes and reagents have been used as: Ziehl´s fuchsine and
methylene blue solutions, 5% sulpharic acid solution. Which method of staining has been used?
Ziehl-Neelsen´s
Hins-Burri´s
Gram´s
Peshkov´s
Neisser´s
*The pure culture of Corynebacterium diphteria has been isolated from the patient. After smear
preparation and staining by Neisser´s the next inclusion bodies have been revealed:
Starch
Glycogen
Sulfur
Volutin (polyphosphates)
The drops of neutral lipids
Physiology
Bacteriological method (pure culture isolation) is used for laboratory diagnostics of many infectious
diseases. Which purpose of the first stage of investigation?
Seeding of the collected samples
Obtaining of the separated colonies
Microscopy of the investigated samples
Isolation and accumulation of the pure culture
Identification of the isolated culture
*DNA-polymerase from Thermus aquaticus is important reagent of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
This microorganism is capable of growing at 100 0C and higher and it is:
Thermophilic
Mesophilic
Psychrophilic
Halophilic
Chemolytotrophs
Genetics
The event, at which prophage may replicate with bacterial chromosome in the same time, is known as:
Transfection
Lysogeny
Transformation
Modification
Transduction
*It is known bacterial cells include additional genetic structures, which either exists as independent
element autonomically from chromosome or integrates with it, and supplements such cell additional
property. What is the name of this additional elements?
Prophages
Nucleotides
Is-sequences
Plasmids
Migrating genes
*The procedure of human gene incorporation into bacterial genome with bacteriophage is used in
biotechnological processes for production of therapeutic and prophylactic medicines. What is the
name of such process?
Transduction
Transformation
Translation
Conjugation
Deletion
Infection
Bacteriological examination of the feces of a 38-year-old woman, who had been ill with typhoid
fever 1.5 year ago, revealed Salmonella typhi. Name the form of the infectious process.
A.Bacteria carrying.
B.
Secondary infection.
24.
C.
Reinfection.
D.Superinfection.
E.
Recidivation.
*00*, *01* 38. A child, who is recovering after measles, has developed pneumonia caused by
opportunists. What is the most probable form of this infection?
A. Reinfection.
B.
Secondary infection.
C.
Superinfection.
D. Persistence infection.
E.
Mixed infection.
*08* 62.
A patient recovered after Sonne shigellosis and was once more (repeatedly) infected with
the same causative agent. What is such infection form called?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Superinfection.
Recidivation (recurrence).
Reinfection.
Persistent infection.
Chronic infection.
*04*05*06* 73.
A patient has acute gonorrhea diagnosed. It is known, that the patient was ill with
gonorrhea before, but was cured completely. Name the form of this infection.
a. Secondary infection.
b. Superinfection.
c. Recidivation.
d. Reinfection.
e. Autoinfection.
130. A 2-year-old boy was not given APDT vaccine according to schedule. On his pharyngeal tonsils
there were revealed microorganisms, which by morphological and biochemical properties are
identical to Corynebacterium diphtheriae. But precipitation test in gel with antitoxic serum has been
negative. What form of infectious process can this agent cause without urgent treatment?
A. Asymptomatic bacteria carrying.
B. Easy nontoxic form of disease.
C. Toxic complicated form of disease.
D. Chronic disease with the damage of internal organs.
E. Persistent infection.
It is known three links take part in development of infectious and epidemic process. The first link of
infectious process is pathogenic microorganism. But what is the first link of epidemic process?
A. Source of infection
B. Dose of microorganism
C. Way of penetration (invasion)
D. Proper condition of environment
E. Host reactivity
Virulent (patogenecity) factors
*00,01,03,05* The patient, 50 years old, had been treated with levomycetin (chloramphenicol) due to
enteric fever infection, but day after his state was getting worse and fever lifted up to 39,6 С. How
can you explain patient state?
A. Absence of agent sensitivity to chloramphenicol
B. Secondary infection arising
C. Reinfection
D. Action of causative agent endotoxin
E. Allergy
*Virulent factors are accounted at indication of etiological significance of microorganisms. Which
virulent factor of streptococci can be estimated in clinical sample at light microscopy?
A. Fimbria
B. Capsule
C. Protein A
D. Protein M
E. Inclusion bodies
*Which from given virulent factors that typical for the most gram-negative bacteria acts the significant
part in pathogenesis of disease, caused by these microorganisms?
A. Exotoxin
B. Endotoxin
C. Invasive factor
D. Capsule
E. Hemorrhagic factor
Feces of child with enteritis is emulsified into isotonic solution and the drop of emulsion is seeded onto
selective medium (10% yolk-salt agar). Which virulent enzyme possessing aggressive property is
revealed at this medium?
A. Colicins
B. Lecitinase
C. Streptokinase
D. Hemolysines
E. Hyaluronidase
*Biological method of laboratory diagnostics is used into laboratory of life-threatening infections. Which
property of causative agents is not studied at this method?
A. Phage typing
B. Biological
C. Morphological
D. Tinctorial
E. Antigenic
Asepsis and antisepsis. Sterilization and disinfection.
15.
With the purpose of acceleration sugar-containing media were sterilized by live, non--pressurized
steam in one day: during 30 minutes in the morning, in the evening, and in the afternoon. In what
way should the media have been sterilized?
A. During 1 hour.
B.
During 15 min., three days in succession.
C.
During 30 min., two days in succession.
D. During 30 min., three days in succession.
E. During 15 sec. twice a day.
17.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
19.
After practical activity in a laboratory students must put in order and disinfect their working place.
Choose the chemical agent, which should be used.
Ether.
Chloric acid.
Formalin.
Chloroform.
Chloramine
In a laboratory, researches on tetanus diagnostics were carried out. What method of sterilization
should be used to destroy the isolated cultures of tetanus pathogens?
a. Autoclaving (steam under pressure).
b.
c.
d.
e.
Boiling.
Tyndallization.
Dry heat.
Pasteurization
74.
Control of instrument sterilization in autoclave was carried out with the help of a biologic method.
What bacteria are the most rational to use as test-microorganisms?
A. Spore forming.
B. Capsule forming.
C. Acid-fast.
D. Pathogenic
E. Thermophilic.
*2013* in the surgical ward the dressing material was underwent sterilization in an autoclave. Through an
oversight of a nurse the mode of sterilization was changed and the temperature in the autoclave reached
only1000C instead of the due 1200C. What microorganisms can stay viable under these conditions?
A. Molds and yeast fungi
B. Staphylococci and streptococci
C. *Bacilli and clostridia
D. Salmonella and klebsiella
E. Corynebacteria and mycobacteria
*To decontaminate air into the aseptic cabinet some measures have been carried out, that belong to usual
sterilization methods. Which method is the most appropriate for air decontamination after work?
A. Ultraviolet radiation
B. Burning
C. With benzoic acid vapor
D. With alcohol vapor
E. Magnetic field
Antisepsis
*00* For carrying out of bacteriological researches into laboratory, have planned at next day, it is
necessary to prepare sterile Petri dishes, and pipettes. Which method of sterilization should be used
at this case?
*Dry heat
Fluid heat
Tyndalization
Pausterization
Boiling
33.
Antibiotics
The staphylococcus, isolated from the nasopharynx of a nurse during hospital infection, differs
from the strain, isolated from patients, by containing R-plasmid. What feature can the hospital
strain acquire due to the conjugation with the strain isolated from the nurse?
A. Antibiotics resistance.
B. Production of enterotoxin.
C. Production of epidermolitic toxin.
D. Coagulase production.
E. Rough colonies formation.
*Resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is due to presence into the cell of autonomic genetic structure,
transmission of which is possible by conjugation. What is the name of this structure?
A. Ent-plasmids
B. Col-plasmids
C. R-plasmids
D. Transposons
E. Prions
*02* Pathogenic staphylococcus has been isolated from purulent wound of patient. Its sensitivity to
antibiotics has been detected: penicillin – the zone of growth inhibition 8 mm, oxacillin – 9 mm,
ampicillin – 10 mm, gentamycin – 22 mm, lincomycin – 11mm. Which antibiotic should be chosen
for treatment?
A. *Gentamycin
B. Oxacillin
C. Ampicillin
D. Lincomycin
E. Penicillin
*08* A patient consulted a stomatologist about purulent inflammation of his gums. What drug will be the
most effective if it suspected that a causative agent is an anaerobe?
A. Metronidazole
B. Gentamicin
C. Co-trimoxazole
D. Nitroxaline
E. Oxacillin sodium
*08* A patient with bacterial pneumonia was prescribed benzipenicillin. What is the mechanism of its
antibacterial effect?
A. Abnormal permeability of cytoplasmic membrane
B. Antagonism with p-amino-benzoic acid
C. Inhibition of synthesis of microorganism wall
D. Inhibition of SH-groups of microorganism enzymes
E. Inhibition of intracellular protein synthesis
Immunity
b-12 In order to speed up healing of a wound of oral mucosa a patient was prescribed a drug
that is a thermostable protein occuring in tears, saliva, mother's milk as well as in a new-laid
hen's egg. It is known that this protein is a factor of natural resistance of an organism. What is
it called?
A Lysozyme
B Complement
C Interferon
D Interleukin
E Imanine
9.
A 1.5-year-old boy who hasn't been inoculated according to the schedule contacted with a patient
with measles. For emergency specific prevention the child was given donor γ-globulin. What kind
of immunity developed in this case?
a. Natural.
b. Passive.
c. Antitoxic.
d. Postvaccinal immunity.
e. Local.
13.
Production of antibodies is one of the most important parts of immune response of an organism.
Which type of cells actually secretes antibodies?
A. T-lymphocytes.
B. Macrophages.
C. Plasma cells.
D. Microphages.
E. T-helpers.
*Humoral immune response takes significant part at many infectious diseases. Which action is not typical
for antibody?
A. Phagocytic
B. Opsonizing
C. Complement activation
D. Neutralizing
E. Activation of cellular cytotoxicity
25.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
32.
After BCG vaccination of infants immunity to tuberculosis is preserved until there are live bacteria
of vaccine strain in the body. Name this kind of immunity.
Type specific.
Humoral
Non-sterile (infectious).
Innate.
Crossed.
Scheduled vaccination against measles has been carried out in a kindergarten. What method can be
used to check up the development of postvaccinal immunity?
A. Bacteriological.
B. Virologic.
C. Serologic.
D. Bacterioscopic.
E. Allergic.
*First 3 months of life children rare fall ill with infectious diseases, that is connected with
transmission of maternal antibody to baby through placenta and with milk. Which type of
acquired immunity does child have at this age?
A. Natural passive
B. Natural active
C. Artificial passive
D. Artificial passive
E. Constitutional
There is outbreak of measles into maternal hospital. Which class of maternal antibody can provide
newborn’s insensibility (immunity) to measles virus?
A. Ig G
B. Ig M
C. Ig A
D. Ig D
E. Ig E
b-12 A pregnant woman was registered in an antenatal clinic and underwent complex
examination for a number of infections. Blood serum contained IgM to the rubella virus. What is
this result indicative of?
A Of primary infection
B Of a chronic process
C The woman is healthy
D Of exacerbation of a chronic disease
E Of recurring infection with rubella virus
*For prevention of infectious diseases immunization of population is made, and it accompanies with
immunity formation. Cooperation of which immune competent cells is it necessary for effective
formation of primary humoral immune response?
A. Macrophages, T-cells, B-cells
B. T-cells, plasma cells, B-cells
C. Macrophages, plasma cells
D. Mast and plasma cells
E. B-cells and T-cells
*For prevention of infectious diseases immunization of population is made, and it accompanies with
immunity formation. Cooperation of which immune competent cells is it necessary for effective
formation of primary cellular immune response?
A. Macrophages and T-cells
B. T-cells and plasma cells
C. Macrophages and plasma cells
D. Mast and plasma cells
E. B-cells and T-cells
* Which type of interleukin is secreted by macrophages after phagocytosis for triggering of immune
response to bacterial antigen?
A. IL-1
B. IL-2
C. IL-3
D. IL-5
E. IL-6
46.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
After penetration into an organism bacteria are ingested by macrophages. What is the function of
macrophages in immunocompetent cells cooperation at the first stage of immune response?
Activation of NK-cells.
T-killers activation.
Processing and presentation of antigen to T-helpers.
Antibodies production.
Processing and presentation of antigen to T-killers.
*Immunogram of HIV patient has been made, and abnormality of T-helper and T-supressor ratio has
been revealed. Which major surface molecules CD (cluster differentiation ) do T-helpers have?
A. CD2, CD3, CD4
B. CD2, CD3, CD8
C. CD19, CD21, CD22
D. CD23, CD24, CD37
E. CD16, CD56
Immunopathology and immunodeficiency
*01*,*02,*06* Donor skin has been transplanted to a patient with extensive burn. In 4-5 days the skin
transplant adapted, but it became swollen and changed color on the eighth day. Ten days later it
started to reject. Which cells take part in this process?
A. T-lymphocytes.
B.
Erythrocytes.
C.
Basophiles.
D. Eosinophils.
E.
B-lymphocytes.
*00* Patient after transplantation of kidney graft has rejection. Which major effector cells take part in
this immunological reaction?
A. *Cytotoxic T-cells
B. B-cells
C. Plasma cells
D. Suppressor T -cells
E. Helper T-cells
*After 1.5 months of liver transplantation the patient state was getting worse due to onset of graft
rejection. Which factor of immune system acts the predominant part in this reaction?
A. T-killers
B. Interleukin-I
C. Natural killers
D. B-cells
E. T-helpers
*The boy, 11 years old, has ekzematous rash onto the trunk and legs. History revealed otitis, pneumonia,
furunculosis. Laboratory assay shows thrombocytopenia, low activity of T-helpers and Tsuppressors, decreasing of IgM level at normal data for Iga and IgG. Which type of
immunodeficiency is at this case?
A. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
B. Louis-Barr syndrome
C. DeGeorgy syndrome
D. Chediak-Higashi syndrome
E. Swiss syndrome
The child, 2 years old, suffering from severe form of chicken pox, has face defects, mongoloid slant.
History revealed spasms, oral cavity mycosis . There is lymphocytopenia at normal level of B-cells
and immunoglobulins into the blood assay. Which immunodeficiency syndrome does child have?
A. DiGeorgy syndrome
B. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
C. Louis-Barr syndrome
D. Kleinefelter’s syndrome
E. Shereshevsky- Turner’s syndrome
*07* 64. B-12 Immunological tests of a patient with clinical symptoms of immunodeficiency have been
carried out. Significant decrease of cells, forming rosettes with sheep erythrocytes, has been
revealed. What conclusion should be made on the basis of analysis data?
A. Decrease of complement system level.
B. Decrease of B-cells level.
C. Decrease of natural killers (NK-cells) level.
D. Decrease of T-cells level.
E. Decrease of thrombocytes (platelets) quantity
*03* 41. B-12 A patient with clinical symptoms of immunodeficiency with invariable quantity and
functional activity of T-and B-cells is found to have a molecular level defect. This defect is
accompanied by the disorder of antigen-presenting function of immunocompetent cells. Name these
cells.
A. NK-cells.
B. T- and B-lymphocytes.
C. Macrophages and monocytes.
D. Fibroblasts, T- and B-lymphocytes.
E. B-lymphocytes.
*05* A patient with clinical symptoms of primary immunodeficiency is found to have a defect of antigenpresenting function of immunocompetent cells. The structure defect of what cells is possible?
A. NK-cells
B. В- cells
C. Т- cells
D. Plasma cells
E. *Macrophages, monocytes
42.
Acquired defect of immune system of a patient is diagnosed - a disorder of complement system
activation by the classical pathway against the background of the sufficient content of system
components. Defect of antibody production is suspected. Decrease in number of what antibodies
can be expected first of all?
A. IgM, IgA.
B.IgA, IgG.
C.IgD, IgG.
D.IgE, IgG.
E. IgM, IgG.
53.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
A 37-year-old woman periodically had infectious diseases of bacterial genesis during a year. Their
clinical course was extremely prolonged, remissions were short-term. Hypogamma- globulinemia
was revealed by examination. The functional defect of what cells might be the direct cause of the
disease?
Neutrophiles.
Eosinophils.
B-cells.
Macrophages.
Basophiles.
*Young woman with blood group A had suffered in road accident , and she was transfused with donor
blood of group B by mistake. Posttransfusion reaction set up, leading mechanism of which is
immunopathological reaction. Which type does it belong to?
A. Cytotoxic
B. Anaphylaxis
C. Immune complex
D. Cellular
E. Stimulating
51.
A 54-year-old woman referred to a doctor with complaints of hen's eggs intolerance, which
appeared recently. Antihistamines prescribed by the doctor slightly improved the status of the
patient. What antibodies could provide the development of this reaction?
A. IgA.
B. IgE.
C. IgD
D. IgG.
E. IgM.
For detection of sensitivity to antibiotic patient is injected with 0.2 ml of penicillin solution
intracutaneously. After 10 min hyperemia and edema appear in the site of injection. Which type
according Cumbs-Jelly’s classification has this reaction belong to?
A. Anaphylaxis (phenomenon Auveri)
B. Cytotoxic
C. Delayed type of hypersensitivity
D. Reaction is like Artus phenomenon
E. Tuberculin type reaction
At flat repair woman suddenly has had bout of breathless with sensation of lack of air, difficulties with
breathing out, dry cough and anxiety. Bronchial asthma has been diagnosed. Which allergy
mediator causes such effects?
A. Histamine
B. Serotonin
C. Prostaglandin E
D. Interleukin I
E. Interleukin 6
*The woman, 40 years old, visited doctor with complains onto itching, reddening, burning sensation of
the checks. Vanishing crème had been used 1 hour ago. Which type of allergy reaction of I group
due to Combs and Jelly does patient have?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Quincke’s edema
Bronchial asthma
Anaphylactic shock
Urticaria
Pollen allergy
The worker of factory with 20 years record of work has had contact dermatitis of hands. Which type of
immunological disorder does such illness belong to?
A. Delayed type of allergy
B. Primary immunodeficiency
C. Immediate type of allergy
D. B-cell immunodeficiency
E. T-cell immunodeficiency
*01* After some minutes of injection made for patient with tetanus breathless and frequent pulse
appeared, blood pressure decreased. Which drug was the most probable reason of complication?
A. Sulfonamide
B. Donor gamma-globulin
C. Anatoxin (Toxoid)
D. Antibiotic
E. *Antitoxic serum
*04*,*06* After 8 days of antitetanus serum injection patient with contaminated wound of the foot has
fever (38 С), joint pain, rash and itching. Blood assay demonstrated leucopenia and
thrombocytopenia. Which type of allergy reaction arises in this case?
A. Delayed type of hypersensitivity
B. Cytotoxic
C. Anaphylaxis
D. *Immune complex
E. Stimulating
*07* The patient, female, 27 years old, had taken eyes drops, including penicillin. After some minutes she
had itching and burning of body, edema of lips and eyelids, whistle cough; blood pressure started to
decrease. Which kind of Ig takes part in such allergic reaction?
A. IgG and IgD
B. IgA and IgM
C. *IgE and IgG
D. IgM and IgG
E. IgM and IgD
*Woman had being suffered from pollen allergy for 25 years. The treatment had been made with
desensitization method (periodic injection with small doses of allergens) and allowed to heal. What
type of mechanism for inhibition of allergy was the most probable?
A. Accumulation of T-suppressors and IgG
B. Basophiles inactivation
C. Blockage of cellular histamine and heparin receptors
D. Formation of immune complex
E. Decreasing of complement concentration into serum
34.
Vaccines
Numerous vaccine preparations have been used to induce human active immunity. Which
preparation is presented by live attenuated bacteria?
A. APDT (DPT) vaccine.
B. BCG vaccine.
C. Salk's vaccine.
D. TABTe vaccine.
E. Hepatitis B vaccine.
*The process of killed vaccine creation consists from several steps. The choice of vaccine strain has
crucial significance at this event . Choose the most important criterion for sampling:
A. To take strains with maximal virulence
B. To use bacteria with prominent biochemical activity
C. To select the strains with low pathogenecity
D. To use strains with low antigenecity and immunogenecity
E. To take resistant strains to antibiotics
*During outbreak of diphtheria DT vaccine was used for adult immunization. Which type of immunity is
created by this preparation?
A. Natural
B. Antitoxic
C. Cellular
D. Passive
E. Post infectious
In region , where epicenter of rabies among wild animals has been registered, the bitten with wild dog
man visited policlinics. For rabies prevention he was injected with antirabies vaccine. Which type
of vaccine does this medicine belong to?
A. Attenuated
B. Inactivated
C. Molecular
D. Anatoxin (toxoid)
E. Synthetic
*Schedule vaccination against measles has been made in child community. Which method can be used to
check efficacy of immunization?
A. Virological
B. Allergic test (allergic probe)
C. Immunological
D. Biological
E. Viroscopic (microscopy)
It is necessary to provide vaccines for schedule immunization into kindergarten. Which property should
vaccine have?
A. Immunogenecity, areactivity
B. Immunogenecity, areactivity, avirulence
C. Avirulence, easy technology of production
D. Areactivity, easy usage
E. Immunogenecity
Bacterial preparation institute creates vaccines for schedule immunization. What is the name of vaccine
composed from microbial cells and toxoid of another causative agent?
A. Chemical
B. Gene engineered
C. Associated
D. Autovaccine
E. Combined
*05* Immunization against whooping cough is planned in kindergarten. Which medicine should be used
for this purpose?
A. Type specific serum
B. BCG vaccine
C. Normal gamma-globulin
D. DTT
E. *DPT vaccine (ADPT)
Immune sera
14.
When using treatment antitoxic serums a patient is always given precisely defined doses. In what
units is the activity of antitoxic antidiphtheric serum measured?
A. International.
B.
Flocculation.
C.
Antigenic.
D. Agglutination.
E.
Neutralization.
*The sole medicine, that allow to treat successfully such toxic infection as diphtheria, tetanus, and
botulism, is antitoxic sera (antitoxins). Choose the way which is used to obtain such sera:
A. Hyper immunization of horses with medicine obtained from toxin
B. Enzymatic dialysis (Diaferm)
C. Immunization of horses with toxigenic bacteria
D. Hyper immunization of rabbits with corresponding toxins with following purification
E. Usage of recombinant techniques
* In traumatologic department patient is made primary surgery of wound and the next drug is given for
passive immunity creation:
A. Vaccines
B. Immune sera
C. Toxoids
D. Antibiotics
E. Vitamins
*2013* a child cut his leg with a piece of glass while playing and was brought to the clinic for the
injection of tetanus antitoxin. In order to prevent the development of anaphylactic shock the serum was
administered by Bezredka’s method. What mechanism underlies this method for desentization of the
body?
A. Binding of IgE fixed to the mast cell
B. Stimulation of the synthesis of antigen-specific IgG
C. Blocking the mediator synthesis in the mast cell
D. Stimulation of the immune tolerance to the antigen
E. Binding of IgE receptors to the mast cell
Serological reactions (tests)
5.
A patient referred to a doctor on the second week of illness, which resembled of typhoidparatyphoid disease by clinicoepidemiologic findings. The doctor decided to confirm the diagnosis
by detecting specific antibodies. What preparation should be used for this purpose?
A. Adsorbed monoreceptor serums.
B. Diagnostic serums.
C. Labeled serums.
D. Monoclonal antibodies.
E. Diagnosticums.
47.b-12
Serologic diagnostics of infectious diseases is based on specific antigen-antibody
interaction. Name the serological reaction, which consists in microorganisms clumping under the
influence of specific antibodies in the presence of electrolyte.
A. Hemadsorption.
B. Precipitation.
C. Complement fixation test.
D. Agglutination.
E. Neutralization.
*Pure culture isolated from the blood at suspicious enteric fever is investigated in bacteriological
laboratory. Which serological test should be made to study its antigenic structure?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Precipitation
Agglutination
CFT
ELISA (IFA)
Flocculation
*For serodiagnostics of enteric fever test is made by next way: diagnosticums of three types are added to
different dilution of patient serum. Test result is registered by deposit appearance, consisting from
clumped bacteria. Which mechanism of interaction between antigen and antibody takes place at this
test?
A. Agglutination
B. Precipitation
C. Lysis
D. Bacteriolysis
E. Hemolysis
*At negative result of bacteriological method patient diagnosis is made with serology. Thereafter
clumping of bacteria under the influence of antibody is named:
A. Complement fixation test
B. Precipitation
C. Agglutination
D. Lysis
E. Immobilization
48.
Serologic diagnostics of infectious diseases is based on specific antigen-antibody interaction. Name
the serological reaction, during which highly refined antigens are adsorbed on erythrocytes.
A. Neutralization.
B. Precipitation.
C. Complement fixation test.
D. Hemadsorption.
E. Indirect hemagglutination.
67.
Effective diagnostics of enteric bacteria carrying is based on detecting antibodies to certain bacteria
antigens during indirect hemagglutination test. Name the standard preparation which should be
used.
Sheep erythrocytes and hemolytic serum.
Antibodies against immunoglobulins of basic classes.
Monoclonal antibodies.
Monoreceptor diagnostic serum.
Erythrocytic diagnosticum (erythrocyte adsorbed by bacteria antigens).
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
49.
Serologic diagnostics of infectious diseases is based on specific antigen-antibody interaction. How
is the antigen sedimentation from solution reaction under the influence of immune serum in the
presence of electrolyte called?
A. Neutralization.
B. Agglutination.
C. Complement fixation.
D. Hemadsorption.
E. Precipitation.
54.
Bloodstains are revealed on the clothes of a person accused of a murder. What test can prove that
the blood is human?
A. Neutralization.
B. Immunofluorescence test.
C. Complement fixation test.
D. Agglutination.
E. Precipitation.
b-12 The person was selling "homemade pork" sausages on the market. State sanitary inspector
suspected falcification of the sausages.With help of what serological immune reaction can food
substance be identified?
A Precipitation test
B Indirect hemagglutination test
C Agglutination test
D Immunofluorescence test
E Complement- fixation test
50.
Indirect immunofluorescence test has been used to detect toxoplasmas antibodies in the blood
serum of a pregnant woman. At first, the fixed smear of toxoplasmas was processed with the
investigated serum. With what should the specimen be processed at the following stage?
A. Luminescent serum against human immunoglobulins.
B. Fluorescent solution.
C. Human normal immunoglobulin.
D. Diagnostic serum containing toxoplasmas antibodies.
E. Serum containing fluorescent-labeled toxoplasmas antibodies.
*04* During outbreak of acute respiratory infection to diagnose influenza rapid (express) diagnostics is
made that is based onto revealing of specific virus antigen in clinical samples. Which test is used
for this purpose?
A. Complement fixation test
B. *Immunofluorescence
C. Precipitation
D. Opsonization
E. Agglutination
*The outbreak of infection probably of virus etiology was registered in kindergarten. It is necessary to
plan antiepidemic measures . Which reactions (tests) or laboratory diagnostics methods should be
used first for rapid (fast) and timely decryption this outbreak?
A. Immunofluorescence microscopy
B. Electron microscopy
C. Virological method
D. Serological method
E. Light microscopy of native material
56.
A patient is hospitalized with the previous diagnosis of hepatitis B. To diagnose the disease a
serological reaction based on interaction of antigen and antibody, chemically linked to peroxidase
or alkaline phosphatase, was carried out. Name this reaction.
A. Complement fixation test.
B. Radioimmunoassay.
C. Immunofluorescence test.
D. Enzyme immunoassay.
E. Immobilization.
66.
Causative agent antigens can be revealed in blood of patients with different infectious diseases.
What reaction should be used, taking into account that antigenemia level is low?
ELISA.
Agglutination test.
Indirect hemagglutination test.
Latex agglutination method.
Immunoelectrophoresis.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
57.
A causative agent has been isolated from a patient with acute gastroenteritis. It should be identified
by antigen structure. Which serological reaction should be used?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Precipitation.
Complement fixation test.
Neutralization.
Agglutination.
Opsonization
58.
A patient with a suspicion of the chronic form of gonorrhea was admitted to a hospital. Choose a
two-system serological reaction for detecting specific antibodies in the serum.
A. Complement fixation test.
B.
Neutralization.
C.
Agglutination.
D. Radioimmunoassay.
E.
Enzyme immunoassay.
68.
Hemolytic serum against sheep erythrocytes is necessary for work in the laboratory, where
serologic diagnostics of infectious diseases is carried out. Name the test, during which the serum is
used.
A. Viral hemagglutination test.
B. Indirect hemagglutination test.
C. Test for the diagnostics of new- borns' diseases.
D. Passive hemagglutination.
E. Complement fixation test.
Bank of Krok testing to module N2
Staphylococci
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Furuncle pus smear showed spherical microbes arranged in grape-like clusters. Name these
microorganisms.
*Staphilococci.
Diplococci.
Micrococci.
Streptococci.
Tetracocci.
18.
A child with the diagnosis of staphylococcal sepsis was admitted to a hospital. What nutrient
medium should be used for patient's blood inoculation to isolate the causative agent of this disease?
Ploskirev's medium.
Meat peptone broth.
* Glucose peptone broth.
D. Buchin's medium.
E. Yolk-salt agar.
A 55-year-old patient is hospitalized to a surgical department with suspicion of sepsis. Choose
the specimen which should be obtained for examination.
A. Liquor.
B.
*Blood.
C.
Urine.
D.Pus.
E. Lymph node punctate.
112. Feces of a child with enteritis are resuspended in isotonic solution of sodium chloride, and a
suspension drops applied onto selective medium: 10 % milk-salt or yolk-salt agar. What
microorganisms are supposed to be isolated?
E. coli.
Klebsiella
*Staphylococci.
Streptococci.
Enterococci.
* Staphylococcal etiology of infection was confirmed with bacteriological examination at patient with
furunculosis. What basic method of microbiological diagnostics was used in this case?
Allergic
*Bacteriological
Serological
Microscopic
Biological
*05* *08* b-12 Examination of a patient with pustular skin lesions allowed to isolate a causative agent
that formon the blood agar roundish yellow middle-sized colonies surrouded by hemolysis zone.
Smears from colonies contain irregular-shaped clusters of gram-positive cocci. The culture is
oxydase- and catalase-positive, ferments mannitol and synthesizes plasmocoagulase. What
causative agent was isolated?
Streptococcus agalactiae
*Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Streptococcus pyogenes
*Post –operative purulent complications into surgery wound took place in a surgical department.
Microscopy of wound discharge revealed gram-positive spherical bacteria arranged in grape-like
clusters. For differentiation of what microorganisms was coagulase test used in laboratory?
*Staphylococcus aureus from Staphylococcus epidermidis
Streptococcus pyogenes from Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis from Neisseria meningitidis
Streptococcus pyogenes from Enterococcus faecalis
Neisseria meningitidis from Streptococcus pneumonia
*b-12 A man, 65 years old, has suffered from purulent abscess on his neck. A culture of gram-positive
cocci was isolated that possessed plasmocoagulase activity.
*Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Streptococcus pyogenes
“04” 8. Microbiology examinations are carried out in the neonatal department of a maternity hospital
because of the suspicion of a hospital infection. S. aureus from several children and some things
was isolated. What properties of isolated cultures should be examined to determine the source of
infection?
Biochemical activity.
Chrornogenesis.
Antigenic structure.
*Phage type.
Antibiotic sensitivity.
“06” 23.
Cases of suppurative postoperative complications caused by staphylococcus have
increased in a surgical unit. Which test should be used to determine the source of infection?
A. Drugs susceptibility test.
B.
Serotyping test.
C.
Aggression enzymes determination.
D.Toxin production.
E. *Phage typing.
b-12 In the surgical department of a hospital there was an outbreak of hospital infection that
showed itself in often postoperative wound abscesses. Bacteriological examination of pus
revealed aurococcus. What examination shall be conducted to find out the source of this
causative agent among the department personnel?
A Phagotyping
B Microscopical examination
C Serological identification
D Estimation of antibiotic susceptibility
E Biochemical identification
*07* At outbreak of hospital infection staphylococcal pure culture were isolated from patient, medical
staff and some objects (items) from environment. What research should be carried out to establish
identity of isolated staphylococci and know a source of hospital infection?
*Phage typing
Biovar typing
Pathogenecity revealing
Serotyping
Animal infection
*To reveal a source of infection with pathogenic staphylococcus at surgery department a research was
made with usage of standard staphylococcal bacteriophages. What type of pure culture
investigation isolated from different places was made?
*Phage typing
Phage diagnostics
Phage indication
Phage therapy
Phage identification
Streptococci
*111. Cholecystic infection was caused by microorganisms of spherical oblong form situated in pairs or
short chains. On the basis of biological properties the bacteria were referred to group D
streptococci. What is their name?
A. β-hemolytic streptococci.
B.
α-hemolytic streptococci.
C.
Pyogenic streptococci.
D. * Enterococci.
E. Pneumococci.
*04* *2012* 115.b-12 Gram-positive diplococci with some pointed ends were revealed during the
examination of a patient's sputum due to suspicious pneumonia. Which microorganism is the most
likely to cause the disease?
Staphylocccocus aureus
Neisseria meningitidis.
Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
*Streptococcus pneumoniae.
85.
C.
Microscopy of the sputum of a patient with croupous pneumonia revealed numerous Gram-positive
lanceolate diplococci surrounded by a capsule. Name the most likely causative agent.
Chlamidia pneumoniae.
Klebsiella pneumoniae.
*Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Staphylococcus aureus
Escherichia coli.
*08* b-12 Blood of a patient with presumable sepsis was inoculated into sugar broth. There appeared
bottom sediment. Repeated inoculation into blood agar caused growth of small transparent round
colonies surrounded by hemolysis zone. Examination of a smear from the sediment revealed
gram-positive cocci in form of long chains. What microorganisms are present in blood of this
patient?
A. Sarcina
B. Staphylococci
C. Tetracocci
D. Micrococci
E. *Streptococci
A 12-year-old boy after angina has rheumatic damage of heart. Every successive streptococcal infection
worsens the condition of the patient. What preparation is expedient to use for the prevention of
complications?
A. Streptococcic toxoid.
B.
*Benzylpenicillin sodium salt.
C.
Streptococcic bacteriophage.
D. Donor γ-globulin.
E.
Autovaccine.
b-12 A 7 year old child often suffers from streprococcic angina. Doctor suspected development
of
rheumatism and administered serological examination. The provisional diagnosis will be
most probably confirmed by presence of antibodies to the following streptococcic antigen:
A O-streptolysin
B C-carbohydrate
C M-protein
D Erythrogenic toxin
E Capsular polysaccharide
132. A doctor has suspected scarlet fever of a 2-year-old child with catarrh and skin rash. A small
quantity of serum against streptococci erythrogenic toxin has been injected intracutaneously. In the
place of injection the rash disappeared. What do reaction results indicate?
A. The whole doze of serum can be injected intravenously.
B.
The child is hypersensitive to erythrogenic toxin.
The disease has been caused by a nonhemolytic streptococcus.
*The clinical diagnosis has proved to be true.
E. Immune system of the child is considerably impaired.
*A woman, 48 years old, complains to breathless, eyelid edema, pain in the small of her back. There are
protein, erythrocytes and hyalinic cylindres in the urine. Diagnosis is made “acute pyelonephritis”.
History revealed she has being suffered from chronic tonsillitis for many years. What
microorganism is the most probable reason of disease?
*Streptococci
Staphylococci
Ureaplasma
Chlamidia
Proteus
*12* b-12 During examination of a patient a dentist revealed a lot of “white-spot zones of
enamel dimeneralization” What microorganisms take part in the development of this
process?
A. Staphylococcus epidermidis
B. Streptococcus mutans
C. Veilonella parvula
D. Streptococcus salivarius
Streptococcus pyogenes
Gonococcus
77.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Pure culture of cocci-like microorganisms of urethral discharge was isolated from a patient with
chronic urethritis. The culture fermented only glucose to acid in the standard Hiss' medium. Name
the species of these microorganisms.
*Neisseria gonorrheae.
Neisseria meningitidis.
Staphylococcus aureus.
Streptococcus pyogenes.
Enterococcus faecalis.
*04**2013* b-12 96. Bacteriological examination of pus urethral discharge revealed Gram-negative
bacteria of coffee beans shape, which fermented glucose to acid and were found in leukocytes. To
what disease causative agents can they be referred?
A. Syphilis.
B.
*Gonorrhea.
C.Venereal lymphogranulomatosis.
D.Soft chancre.
E. Leptospirosis.
*06* 105.
Pus from urethra was inoculated onto special nutrient medium. Tender bluish colonies
grew. Microscopical examination revealed Gram-negative bean-shaped diplococci. What disease do
they cause?
A. Syphilis.
B.
Chlamidiosis.
C.
*Gonorrhea.
D. Tularemia.
E.
Myeloidosis.
167. Urethral purulent discharge is inoculated onto special nutrient medium. There have grown tender
bluish colonies. Microscopy has shown Gram-negative bean-shaped diplococci. What disease do
they cause?
Chlamidiosis.
Tularemia
*Gonorrhea.
Syphilis.
Toxoplasmosis.
Pathological sample – purulent discharge from genital tracts of patient with acute urethritis has been sent
to bacteriological laboratory. To isolate causative agent a nutrient medium – serum agar with
vancomycin and nistatin has been prepared. Which microorganism is suggested to isolate?
*Gonococcus
Pale spirochetes
Fungi from Candida genus
Chlamidia
Golden staphylococci
* A lots of Gram-negative cocci have been revealed into the smear from sputum. Choose the nutrient
medium for bacteriological research
*Blood agar
MPA
Endo medium
Bile broth
Ploskirev’s medium
133. An ophthalmologist has suspected blennorrhea (gonococcal conjunctivitis) of a sick child with
purulent keratoconjunctivitis. What methods of laboratory diagnostics should be used for the
confirmation of the diagnosis?
A. Microscopic and serologic.
D. Biological and allergic.
B.
Serologic and allergic.
C.
Biological and phage typing.
E.
*Microscopic and bacteriological.
*05* Newborn has been revealed purulent discharge from conjunctiva. At microscopy there are a lots of
leukocytes and Gram-negative bean-shaped diplococci into them. Which causative agent is a reason
of this case?
Neisseria catarrhalis
*Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pyogenes
*01*03* 137. B-12 During bacterioscopic examination of the purulent discharge from the uterus there
were revealed Gram-negative bean-like diplococci situated in leukocytes and out of them. Which
microorganism is the causative agent of the purulent inflammation of the uterus?
Chlamidia trachomatis.
Trichomonas vaginalis.
*Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Haemophilus vaginalis.
Calymmatobacterium granulo-matis
161. b-12 A sick woman has gonorrhea diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms. Which method is
the most rational for confirmation of the diagnosis?
A. Precipitation test.
B.
Infection of laboratory animals
C.
Test with bacteriophage.
D. Hemagglutination test.
E.
*Microscopy of pathological material.
B-12 A patient who came to the doctor because of his infertility was administered to make tests
for toxoplasmosis and chronic gonorrhoea. Which reaction should be performed to reveal latent
toxoplasmosis and chronic gonorrhoea of the patient?
A CFT- complement fixation test
B IFA - Immunofluorescence assay
C Immunoblot analysis
D RDHA - Reverse direct hemagglutination assay
E RIHA - Reverse indirect hemagglutination assay
Meningococci
125. b-12 A bacteriologist using a bacterioscopic test of nasopharynx mucus has revealed Gram-negative
cocci that resemble coffee beans and are located in pairs or tetrads. Which microorganism was
isolated by the bacteriologist?
A. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.
B.
Hemophilus ifluenzae.
C.
Streptococcus pneumoniae.
D.Moraxella lacunata.
E. *Neisseria meningitidis.
134. A doctor has diagnosed meningococcal nasopharyngitis of a child with nasopharyngitis. What
method of laboratory diagnostics is the most rational for diagnosis confirmation?
A. Serologic.
B.
Biological.
C.
*Bacteriological.
D. Microscopic.
E.
Allergic.
135. From a child with cerebrospinal meningitis there was obtained muddy spinal fluid with numerous
leukocytes. Which test should be used for express-diagnostics of the disease?
A. Complement fixation test.
B.
Agglutination.
C.
*Immunofluorescence test.
D. Hemagglutination.
E.
Neutralization.
* Suddenly young woman has started suffering from high temperature (39 C) and severe headache. At
examination rigidity (stiffness) of neck muscles has been revealed. Spinal puncture has been made.
There were a lot of neutrophils and Gram-negative diplococci into the smear from cerebrospinal
fluid stained by Gram. Which from given bacteria might be cause of this disease?
*Neisseria meningitidis
Streptococcus pneumonia
Haemophilus influenza
Staphylococcus aureus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
* A culture of meningococcus was isolated from the deposit of cerebrospinal fluid. Which serological test
should be used for serogroup detection?
RA (agglutination test)
*RP (precipitation test)
RPHA (passive hemagglutination test)
RCF (complement fixation test)
Immune lysis test
116. In a kindergarten children and personnel were examined with the purpose of detecting
meningococcal carriers. What method of microbiological research should be used?
A. Allergic.
B.
*Bacteriological.
C.
Bacterioscopic.
D. Biological.
E.
Serologic.
* In kindergarten a child has been diagnosed meningococcal nasopharyngitis. Which vaccine may be used
for current specific prophylaxis of meningococcal infection among children?
Alive attenuated
*Chemical
From killed microorganisms
Toxoid (anatoxin)
Combined
b-12 *2012* Bacterioscopy of nasopharyngeal mucus taken from a 2,5 year old child with
nasopharyngitis
revealed gram-positive diplococci looking like coffee grains. What organs of the child are most
likely to be affected if these microorganisms penetrate the blood?
A *Brain tunics
B Cardiac valves
C Renal glomeruli
D Urogenital tracts
E Lymph nodes
Escherichia coli
151. A 7-year-old boy has been diagnosed a cholera-like disease (vomiting, profuse diarrhea). The feces
of the patient were inoculated onto Endo medium, and homotypic crimson colonies with metallic
sheen have grown. Which microorganism is the most likely to be the causative agent of the disease?
A. Shigella sonnei.
B.
Salmonella enteritidis.
C.
Yersinia enterocolitica.
D. *Escherichia coli, enterotoxigenic type.
E. Vibrio holera.
*An acute enteric infection has developed in a child, 6 months old. Feces has been inoculated of Endo
medium to make bacteriological diagnosis. Based onto typical growth of causative agent a doctor
made a presumptive conclusion that cause of infection was Escherichia coli. Which type of colonies
was revealed onto Endo agar?
*Crimson (magenta) with metallic sheen
Large mucous
Small colorless
Pale pink with white edge
“ Creeping” growth
*2013* A 12-year-old boy has been hospitalized for suspected food poisoning. The fecal
samples were inoculated on the Endo agar, which resulted in growth of a large number of
colorless colonies. What microorganism is most likely to be EXCLUDED from the list of
possible causative agents of the disease?
A *Escherichia coli
B Salmonella enteritidis
C Proteus vulgaris
D Pseudomonas aeruginosa
E Yersinia enterocolitica
*01*03*04* b-12 At bacteriological investigation of feces taken from 4 months’ child with acute enteric
infection a lots of red colonies have been grown onto Endo medium. What microorganisms are
these?
*Escherichia
Salmonella
Staphylococci
Streptococci
Shigella
*01*02*03* A culture of E.coli with antigen structure O-111 has been isolated from feces of bottlefeeding newborn. Which diagnosis may be made?
*Coli-enteritis
Gastroenteritis
Cholera-like disease
Food-poisoning infection
Dysentery-like disease
*06* Signs of dehydration and bloody diarrhea have been developed fast in a child with acute enteric
infection. Pediatrician has suspected coli-enteritis. Which method should be used to diagnose
enteric escherichiosis?
*Bacteriological
Biological
Serological
Allergic
Microscopic
b-12 Among junior children of an orphanage an outbreak of intestinal infection with signs of
colienteritis was registered. In order to identify isolated causative agent it is necessary to:
A Study antigenic properties of the causative agent
B To determine sensitivity to antibiotics
C To study sensitivity to bacteriophages
D To study biochemical properties of the causative agent
E To study virulence of the causative agent
*A child with complaints onto general weakness, bloody diarrhea and pain in kidney region has been
hospitalized. Body temperature is normal. There are no leucocytes at coproscopy. Indicate, which
microorganism could cause such symptoms of disease?
*Enteroinvasive E.coli
Enterohemorrhagic E.coli
Enterotoxic E.coli
Enteropathogenic E.coli
Enteroadhesive E.coli
*A pure culture of E.coli has been isolated from feces of ill person. What is from given later does not
correspond to characteristics of this species? E.coli is:
*Toxigenic in case of lysogenization
Representative of large intestine microbiota
Causative agent of purulent infection
Causative agent of cholera-like disoders
Active component of eubiotics
Salmonella typhi
28.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
After inoculation of feces specimen from a patient with typhoid fever onto Endo medium colonies
of different size and color — big red and medium colorless - have grown. Name the functional type
of this medium.
Selective.
Enriched.
Special.
*Differential-diagnostic.
Universal (general purpose).
104. From the blood of a patient there was obtained the culture of typhoid fever pathogen. What cultural
properties are characteristic of this pathogen?
A. Hemolysis on blood agar.
B.
Formation of red colonies with metallic luster on Endo medium.
C.
Formation of colorless colonies on bismuth-sulfite agar medium.
D. *Formation of colorless colonies on Endo medium.
E.
Formation of a gentle pellicle on alkaline peptone water.
166. Feces of a restaurant cook without any clinical symptoms of disease are examined with the help of
bacteriological methods. On bismuth-sulfite agar little black colonies with metallic sheen have
grown. What microorganisms can it be?
A. *Salmonellae.
B.
Shigellae.
C.
Escherichiae.
D. Staphylococci.
E.
Streptococci.
40.
A.
C.
A diagnosticum (processed with tannin sheep erythrocytes adsorbed by Vi-antigen of Salmonella
typhi) has been used for serologic diagnostics of typhoid carrying. Choose the reaction, in which
this diagnosticum will be used.
Precipitation.
Hemagglutination
*Indirect (passive) hemagglutination
Complement fixation test.
Hemagglutination inhibition reaction.
*07* b-12 In passive hemagglutination test made with erythrocyte thyphoid Vi-diagnosticum antibody
in serum dilution 1:80 has been revealed that is higher of diagnostic titer. Such result indicates next:
A. *possible carrying of enteric fever pathogen
B. Patient recovery after enteric fever
C. Recurrence of enteric fever
D. Acute infection of enteric fever
E. Incubation period of enteric fever
*05* 174.
Inspection of school dining-room staff for typhoid carrying has been carried out. There
were revealed antibodies to Vi-antigen in the blood serum of the cook. Which test has been used?
A. Complement fixation test.
B.
Widal's test.
C.
*Indirect hemagglutination test
D. Enzyme immunoassay.
E.
Immunofluorescence test.
*02* 82.
A patient with typhoid fever suspected was administered blood culture. It is rational
because during the first week of enteric fever the following phenomenon is observed:
A. Toxinemia.
B.
*Bacteremia.
C.
Septicemia.
D. Septicopyemia.
E.
Viremia.
* A patient with previous diagnosis “enteric fever” was hospitalized in a hospital. Which nutrient medium
from given later may be used for blood culture isolation?
MPB
*Bile broth
Yolk-salt agar
Blood agar
Lowenstein-Jensen agar
121. b-12 A patient (has been feeling ill for 3 days) was hospitalized to an infectious clinic with typhoid
fever preliminary diagnosed. What method should be used to confirm the diagnosis?
*Hemoculture. (blood culture)
Biliculture.
Coproculture.
Urine culture.
Roseola culture.
*00*01* 150. A patient with complaints of a three days' fever, general weakness, insomnia,
deterioration of appetite referred to a doctor. The doctor has suspected typhoid fever. What method
of laboratory diagnostics is the most rational for confirmation of the diagnosis?
A. Myeloculture.
B.
Coproculture.
C.
Urine culture.
D.Spinal fluid culture.
E. *Hemoculture (blood culture).
91.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Pure culture was isolated from a patient with typhoid fever suspected. The culture was identified as
S. typhi by morphologic, cultural, and biochemical characteristics. What investigation should be
used for final identification of the causative agent?
Serodiagnosis.
*Seroidentification.
Allergic diagnostics.
Antibiotic-sensitivity test.
Phage typing.
101. Widal's test is used for the serologic diagnostics of typhoid fever. What mechanism of antigens and
antibodies interaction underlies it?
A. Hemolysis.
B.
Precipitation.
C.
Bacteriolysis.
D. *Agglutination.
E.
Bacteria immobilization.
142. Blood of a patient with typhoid fever has been sent to a laboratory for detecting antibodies. Which
serological reaction should be used?
A. Hemagglutination inhibition.
B.
Precipitation.
C.
Complement binding.
D. Passive hemagglutination.
E.
*Agglutination.
*A serum of patient with suspicious enteric fever has been sent to laboratory. To make serodiagnosis of
typhoid fever with Widal test next antigen should be used:
Immune diagnostic serum for causative agent of typhoid fever
*Enteric fever diagnosticum
Alive pure culture of Salmonella
Erythrocytic salmonella diagnosticum
Serum of patient
88.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
A patient was hospitalized to an infectious department on the 8th day of the disease complaining of
headache, general weakness. Blood was taken for serological examination. Widal's reaction of
agglutination appeared to be positive in dilution 1:200 with O-diagnosticum Salmonella typhi.
What diagnosis can be made?
Cholera.
Shigellosis.
*Typhoid fever.
Leptospirosis.
Tuberculosis.
*A blood of patient with primary diagnosis “enteric fever” is examined in serological laboratory. After
what time from onset of the most diseases serological method of diagnostics may be effective?
*After a week
After 3 days
After 12 hours
After a month
From onset of disease
*At serology (Widal test) of patient with enteric fever O- and H-agglutinins have been revealed in titers
1:800 and 1:200 respectively. It indicates about:
Recovery period
Having an illness before
State after immunization
*The onset of disease
Impossibility of diagnosis confirmation
b-12 During the repeated Widal's agglutination test it was noticed that the ratio of antibody titers
and
O-antigens S.typhi in the patient's serum had increased from 1:100 to 1:400. How would
you interpret these results?
A The patient has typhoid fever
B The patient is an acute carrier of typhoid microbes
C The patient is a chronic carrier of typhoid microbs
D The patient previously had typhoid fever
E The patient was previously vaccinated against typhoid fever
Salmonella causing food poisoning infections
92.
A 12-year-old boy with food poisoning suspected was hospitalized. Feces culture on Endo medium
revealed numerous colorless colonies. Name the microorganism, which can be excluded from the
number of possible causative agents of this disease.
A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
B.
*Salmonella enteritidis.
C.
Proteus vulgaris.
D.Escherichia coli.
E. Yersinia enterocolitica.
*03, 07* 153. B-12 During the bacteriological examination of gastric washings of a patient with food
poisoning pure culture of bacteria with such properties was isolated: Gram-negative motile rods
which form colorless colonies on Endo medium. Which microorganism species is the most likely to
be the cause of the disease?
A. *Salmonella.
B.
Shigella.
C.
Yersinia.
D. Escherichia.
E.
Citrobacter.
*107. There is registered an outbreak of food poisoning connected with eating confectionery products,
which were kept at room temperature and for preparation of which duck's eggs were used. What
microorganisms could have caused this disease?
A. Vibrio cholerae.
B.
E.coli.
C.
Staphylococci.
D. Legionella.
E.
*Salmonella.
*A food poisoning infection appeared in some persons which had anniversary celebration. A cream for
cake have been prepared from duck’s eggs. Which the most probable genus do bacteria causing
infection belong to?
Clostridium
Shigella
*Salmonella
Yersinia
Corynebacterium
170. Identification of food toxical infection causative agent has shown that according to biochemical
properties it belongs to Salmonella genus. What property of the causative agent testifies its specific
belonging?
A. Pathogenicity for laboratory animals.
B.
Phagotype.
C.
Culture properties.
D. *Antigenic structure.
E.
Morphologic and staining properties.
*An outbreak of enteric infection arose in hospital department that was not connected with quality of
provided food. Infection was resistant to antibiotic therapy. Which causative agent of hospital
infection is the most probable?
A. *Salmonella
B. Staphylococcus
C. Streptococcus
D. Blue-pus rod (Pseudomonas)
E. Proteus
Shigella spp.
86.*2013*
A patient complained of nausea, liquid blood-streaked stool with mucus, fever, general
weakness. He was hospitalized to the infectious department of a hospital. A doctor suspected
shigellosis. What method of laboratory diagnostics should be administered to confirm this
diagnosis?
A. *Bacteriological.
B.
Serological.
C.
allergic.
D. Microscopic.
E.
biological
*A patient with diarrhea and subfebrile temperature was previously diagnosed as suffering from
dysentery. Isolated culture fermented glucose and mannitol to acid and gas, slowly broke down
lactose and protein with indole production. Which from causative agent of dysentery is
characterized with these properties?
S.flexneri
S.dysenteriae
S.boydii
*S.sonnei
P.shigelloides
89.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
16.
A.
B.
Pure culture of bacteria isolated from a patient with symptoms of colitis was identified as Shigella
genus according to morphological, cultural, and biochemical properties. Which test should be used
for serological identification of this culture?
Inhibition of hemagglutination.
Complement fixation test.
Indirect hemagglutination.
Precipitation.
*Agglutination with diagnostic serums.
Stool culture revealed S. zonnei. What additional researches should be carried out to determine the
source of infection?
Drugs susceptibility test.
*Phage typing test.
C.
D.
E.
Precipitation reaction.
Complement-fixing reaction.
Neutralization reaction.
30.
Feces culture of a patient with typical clinical picture of shigellosis did not reveal shigella due to
early treatment with antibiotics. But antishigella antibodies titer in PHAT in pair serums increased
by four times. What does it mean?
A. Vaccinal reaction.
B.
Excludes shigellosis diagnosis.
C.
The patient was ill with shigellosis before.
D.Nonspecific reaction.
E. *Confirms shigellosis diagnosis.
69.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Feces bacteriological examination of a patient with enteric infection revealed Shigella sonnei.
Choose the serological reaction, which was used for the identification of the obtained pure culture.
Complement fixation test.
Precipitation.
*Agglutination.
Neutralization.
Lysis test.
*07* b-12 For retrospective diagnosis of past bacterial dysentery a serology of blood serum was
administered to reveal antibody titer to Shigella. Which from listed tests should be used for this
purpose?
*Passive hemagglutination
Precipitation
Complement fixation test
Hemolysis
Bacteriolysis
* During studying of isolated from a patient Shigella culture presence of exotoxin has been indicated.
Which species of Shigella is this sign typical for?
S.flexneri
*S.dysenteriae
S.boydii
S.sonnei
*An outbreak of dysentery was registered into kindergarten in the town M.. Which drug should be used
for specific prevention in children?
Antibiotics
*Bacteriophage
Vaccines
Probiotics
Vitamins
b-12 A patient recovered from Sonne dysentery and was once more infected with the same
causative agent. What is such infection form called?
A Reinfection
B Recidivation
C Superinfection
D Persisting infection
E Chronic infection
Pseudomonas
“08” b-12 A patient of surgical department complains about pain in the small of her back and in the
lower part of her belly; painful and frequent urination. Bacteriological examination of urine
revealed gram-negative oxidase-positive rod-like bacteria forming greenish mucoid colonies with
specific smell. What causative agent can it be?
Proteus mirabilis
Str.pyogenes
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
*Pseudomonas aeruginosa
E.coli
* A burned patient has had purulent complication. A purulent discharge has blue-greenish tinge that
indicates infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Which morphological feature is typical for
this causative agent?
Spore formation
*Negative staining with Gram technique
Coccoid shape
Cell arrangement in pairs
Mycelium formation
*05, 07* b-12 There were revealed leucocytes and many gram-negative rods into urine sample of patient
with acute cystitis. After inoculation mucous forming green soluble pigment colonies grew. Which
microorganism is the most probable reason of infection?
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Salmonella enteritidis
Escherichia coli
*Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Proteus mirabilis
Vibrio cholera
2.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Gram-negative comma-shaped bacteria are revealed in the feces of a patient with diarrhea. What
properties should be studied with a microscope first of all to receive additional information about
the revealed microbes?
Presence of spores.
Presence of a capsule.
*Motility.
Presence of volutin inclusions.
Presence of glycogen inclusions.
*2012* b-12 A vomiting mass of patient with suspected cholera was sent to the bacteriological
laboratory. A smear “hanging drop” was prepared from the sample. Which method of microscopy
will be used to reveal causative agent due to its motility?
*Phase-contrast
Electron microscopy
Immune electron
Luminescent
Immerse type
*A vomiting mass of patient with suspected cholera was sent to the bacteriological laboratory. A smear
“hanging drop” was prepared from the sample to microscopy it with dark field technique and
indicate motility of causative agent that is established as important diagnostic criterion. Which
reagent should the smear be treated before microscopy with?
Luminescent serum
desinfection solution
Methylene blue solution
Alkaline peptone water
*No one
* A pure culture of vibrio was isolated from feces of patient with enteric infection. Which morphological
group do these microorganisms belong to?
Cocci
Clostridia
*Spiral
Bacteria
Bacilli
b-12 Patient with diarrhoea was admitted to the infection unit. Gram-negative curved rod-like
bacteria
were founded on bacterioscopic examination of faecal masses. What is the most likely disease
in this patient?
A Cholera
B Typhoid fever
C Salmonellosis gastroenteritis
D Diphtheria
E Intestinal form of plague
83.
In the feces of a patient with acute gastroenteritis there were revealed motile, slightly curved Gramnegative rods, which grow onto alkaline 1% peptone water in the form of tender bluish pellicle.
What microorganisms have such properties?
A. Spirilla.
B.Spirochetes.
C.Clostridia.
D.Bacilli.
E.*Vibrios.
95.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
As a result of feces inoculation onto 1% alkaline peptone water after 8 hours' incubation with 37° C
temperature a growth in the form of tender bluish pellicle was revealed. Microscopy revealed
Gram-negative curved rods. What disease could these microorganisms cause?
Shigellosis.
Plague.
Typhoid fever.
Paratyphoid fever.
*Cholera.
100. A patient is hospitalized to an infectious department with cholera suspected. What basic method of
research is necessary to use for the confirmation of the diagnosis?
A. Immunological.
B.
*Bacteriological.
C.
Biological.
D. Serologic.
E.
Allergic.
118. Feces of a patient with cholera were delivered to a laboratory of extremely dangerous infections.
What method of microbiological diagnostics is to be used to confirm or deny the diagnosis?
A. Virological.
B.
Allergic.
C.
Bacterioscopic.
D. Biological.
E.
*Bacteriological.
127. From the vomit mass of a patient there were isolated very motile, slightly curved, Gram-negative
rods which react positively with Inaba's diagnostic serum. What symptoms, most probably, will
appear with the treatment absent?
A. Endotoxic shock.
B.
Bacteremia.
C.
*Fluid loss. (Dehydration)
D.Skin rash.
E. Ulcerous damages of intestine.
* A girl, 18 years old, from rural area of India has profuse diarrhea with fluid loss up to 8 liters a day.
Which from given later microorganism may be reason of this infection?
*Vibrio cholera
Campylobacter jejuni
Enteropathogenic E.coli
Salmonella typhi
Shigella dysentheriae
“01”138.
A patient with complaints of repeated diarrhea and vomiting, pain in muscles of legs,
general weakness, and vertigo is hospitalized to an infectious department. After examination a
doctor
has previously diagnosed cholera. Which method of investigation of the specimen from the patient
should be used for express-diagnostics ?
A. *Immunofluorescence test.
B.
Agglutination test
C.
Bacteriological.
D. Allergic.
E.
Biological.
*03* A patient with diarrhea was hospitalized into infectious disease department. Microscopy of feces
revealed Gram-negative curved rods. Which disease may be suspected?
*Cholera
Salmonella gastroenteritis
Diphtheria
Enteric type of plague
Enteric fever
* A detection of serological variant of V.cholera allows to identify isolated strain and make a control of
epidemic situation. Which way is it made by?
*Agglutination test with O-specific and type-specific sera
By Mukerje’s
By Heiberg’s
With detection of polymixin sensitivity
With agglutination of fowl erythrocytes
* Motile, slightly curved Gram-negative rods were isolated from patient’s vomiting mass and they were
identified as cholera vibrio. Which test helps to differentiate classical variant of V.cholera from ElTor biovar?
Agglutination with O-1 serum
Lactose fermentation
Growth onto 1% alkaline agar
*Growth onto agar with polymixin
“fish in steam” appearance at microscopy
Yersinia pestis
148. Microscopical examination of the sputum of a patient with acute pneumonia preliminary diagnosed
has shown chaotically located microorganisms of ovoid form up to 2 microns long, more
intensively stained on the poles. What the most probable diagnosis can be made on the basis of this
data?
A. *Pneumonic plague.
B.
Streptococcal pneumonia.
C.
Staphylococcal pneumonia.
D. Klebsiella pneumonia.
E. Diphtheria.
*05* 171.
In a mountain settlement mass death of rodents was observed. Simultaneously the
inhabitants of this area were ill. The illness was accompanied by the fast rise of body temperature
up to 40° C, apparent intoxication, increase of inguinal lymph nodes. In the touch smears of
cadaveric material Gram-negative bipolarly stained ovoid rods were revealed. What
microorganisms are the causative agents of this infectious disease?
Staphylococci.
Causative agents of anthrax.
*Causative agents of plague.
Causative agents of tularemia.
Clostridia.
* From dead rodent ovoid, Gram-negative, and bipolar stained bacteria have been isolated. What
microorganism may it be?
*Causative agent of plague
Tubercle bacilli
Causative agent of syphilis
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
* A geologist which has returned from expedition visited doctor and had typical for plague complaints.
During examination doctor revealed symptoms of pneumonia. Which method of microscopy allows
to reveal typical for causative agent of plague irregularity of staining?
With Pfeiffer’s fuchsine
*With methylene blue (by Loeffler)
With carbolic fuchsine (Ziehl’s fuchsine)
By Romanowsky-Giemsa
By Gram
*02* From the sputum of patient with headache, shivering, and cough Gram-negative, ovoid rods with
bipolar staining have been isolated. They were located in chains into the smear from broth culture,
and they formed R-forms of colonies onto agar. What disease is it typical for?
*Plague
Meningococcal nasopharingitis
Tuberculosis
Diphtheria
Streptococcal angina
Tularemia
*01* A man, 44 years old, muskrat hunter, has had heightening temperature up to 380С, headache, lid
eyes edema, conjunctiva hyperemia, and surface ulcer onto the skin of neck. іIndicate the probable
causative agent of disease:
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
Brucella suis
Leptospira interrogans
Bacillus anthracis
*Francisella tularensis
*00* A doctor had suspected bubonic form of tularemia and sent clinical samples to laboratory for
bacteriological method. Which feature of this method is at this definite case?
*Pure culture is isolated from infected laboratory animals
Pure culture is isolated on solid media
Pure culture is isolated on enriched media
Pure culture is isolated into liquid media
Isolated culture is identified due to antigenic structure
Brucella
114. During the swing of flu epidemic a milkmaid referred to a doctor with complaints of high body
temperature, general weakness, absence of appetite, pain in joints. During 10 days she has been
having self-treatment for flu. The infectiologist suspected brucellosis. Using what reaction is it
possible to diagnose brucellosis?
A. *Wright's.
B.Wassermann test.
C.Coombs test.
D.Widal'stest.
E. Ouchterlony test.
*06* A veterinarian, working at cattle farm, visited doctor and complained of pain in joints, fever,
weakness, night sweats. He has been ill for a month. According to complaints and patient
profession doctor suspected brucellosis. Which material collected from this patient should be
exameneed in ordinary bacteriological laboratory?
*blood serum
Cerebrospinal fluid
Vomiting mass
Urine
Feces
*00* From a patient, 40 years old, with acute feverish disease of unknown etiology blood was collected
for serology at the 8th day of illness. After agglutination test with different diagnosticums it has
been estimated that Widal test was positive at serum dilution 1:100, and Wright test - at serum
dilution 1:400. Which diagnosis may be made according to serology results?
*Brucellosis
Enteric fever
Paratyphoid fever A
Paratyphoid fever B
Leptospirosis
84.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
During a scheduled examination milkmaids had a Burnet's intracutaneus allergy test. This test is
used to detect hypersensitivity to:
*Brucellin.
Tuberculin.
Old tuberculin.
Tularin.
Antraxin.
126. A patient with an infectious disease has positive skin allergic Burnet's test. What diagnosis was
confirmed by this test?
A. Q fever.
D. Salmonellosis.
B.
Tularemia.
C.
Typhoid fever.
E.
*Brucellosis.
11.
A patient with brucellosis has a positive Burnet's intracutaneous allergy test. Which immune system
factor can induce inflammatory reaction in the site of brucellin introduction?
A. IgA.
B.
*Sensitized T-lymphocytes.
C.IgE.
D.IgG.
E.IgD.
144. A child has brucellosis diagnosed. The child didn't have any contacts with sick animals. How could
the infection get into the organism?
A.
Via dirty hands.
B.
Via dirty vegetables and fruit.
C.
Via water.
D. *Via unpasteurized milk.
E. During injections.
Bacillus anthracis
119. During a biological test in touch smears from the organs of an animal streptobacteria surrounded
with a capsule were revealed. It gives the basis to diagnose:
A. Tularemia.
B.*Anthrax.
C.Plague.
D. Brucellosis.
E.Croupous pneumonia.
* From horse carcass Gram-positive, capsulated, in size 8x1.5 µm, arranged in chains bacteria have been
isolated. Which microorganism is it?
*Causative agent of anthrax
Causative agent of foot-and-mouth disease.
Streptococcus
Causative agent of hepatitis A.
Causative agent of tetanus.
*00* 98.
A 34-year-old patient complained of carbuncle on his face. Examination revealed a
painless thin edema of subcutaneous fatty tissue with a black eschar in the center, and vesicular
eruption on the periphery. Microbiologic examination revealed nonmotile capsule-forming
streptobacilli. What microorganisms are the causative agents of this disease?
A. *Bacillus anthracis.
B. Staphylococcus aureus.
C. Bacillus anthracoides.
Bacillus subtilis.
Bacillus megaterium.
* During microscopy of cattle-breeder’s eschar (scab) with suspicious anthrax typical Gram-positive rods
surrounded with capsule have been revealed, that at cultivation onto nutrient media have formed
colonies with “lion mane” appearance. Which drug should be used for prevention of anthrax in
contact persons?
*Vaccine STI
Vaccine STI-1
Antitetanus serum
Sixanatoxin (Sixtoxoid)
Anti-anthrax gamma-globulin
*12* b-12 There was a record of some anthrax cases among animals in countryside. The spread
of disease can be prevented by means of immunization. What kind of vaccine should be
used?
A. DPT vaccine
B. Salk vaccine
C. BCG vaccine
D. Sabin`s vaccine
E. STI live vaccine
*03*05*08* b-12 39.The territory of the old burial ground of cattle (for animal refuse), that has not been
used for over 50 years, is planned for house building. But soil investigation has shown the presence
of viable spores of an especially dangerous disease causative agent. Name the microorganism
which could have been preserved in soil for such a long time.
A. Yersinia pestis.
B.Francisella tularensis.
C.Brucella abortus.
D. *Bacillus anthracis.
E.Mycobacterium bovis.
65.
A.
B.
E.
A man referred to the reception ward of an infectious disease hospital, having received by mail an
envelope with suspicious powder. The man was isolated, and the powder was sent to the laboratory
for detecting the presence of anthrax causative agent's spores. Which is the fastest method of
detecting these microorganisms?
Isolation of pure culture.
Complement fixation test.
Precipitation in gel.
*Immunofluorescence test.
Neutralization test.
*00* 90.
An extract of cattle-breading raw material was delivered to a laboratory from the area,
where cases of anthrax among animals were noted. What serological reaction should be used for
detecting anthrax causative agent antigens in the investigated specimen?
A. *Termoprecipitation.
B.
Complement fixation test.
C.
Indirect hemagglutination.
D. Radioimmunoassay.
E.
Precipitation in agar.
106. In a laboratory for the examination of animal skins the precipitation test is used (Askoly test). The
resultis: in some minutes after adding of the immune serum with skin extract an albescent ring
formed. What does this result indicate?
A. *Presence of bacillus anthracis antigens.
B.
Presence of Clostridium perfringens toxin.
C.
Presence of brucellosis causative agent.
D. Presence of escherichia surface antigen.
E. Presence of salmonella Vi-antigen.
156. To check cattle-breeding raw material (leather, wool) for the presence of anthrax agent soluble
thermostable antigen in water-salt extract from raw material is prepared. What reaction may be used
for this purpose?
A. Neutralization.
B.
Precipitation in agar.
C.
Agglutination.
D. Indirect hemagglutination.
E.
*Ring-precipitation.
Clostridium tetani
146. The causative agent of tetanus produces exotoxin with different biological action effects. What
clinical symptoms can this toxin cause?
A. Disorders of vision.
B.* Lackjaw.
C. Diarrhea.
D. Skin rash.
E. Nausea.
*2013* A patient was consulted by a dentist due to limited mouth opening (trismus). He has a history of a
stab wound of the lower extremity. What infection may cause these symptoms?
A. Tularemia
B. *Tetanus
C. Whooping cough
D. Brucellosis
E. Wound anaerobic infection
* During earthwork one from the workers had been seriously injured. A surgery of his wound and
penicillin injection had been made in a hospital. After 2 weeks he had spasms. Which drug could
have been injected to patient besides given before?
Donor gamma-globulin
Interferone
*Antitoxin
Aminoglycosyde antibiotic
Tetracycline antibiotic
* After 48 hrs’ incubation into termostat of necrotic tissue homogenizate rough large flat colonies have
grown onto the Zeissler blood agar. Colonies had tendency to “creeping” growth. Which properties
of isolated microorganisms are noted in task description?
Morphological
*Cultural
Tinctorial
Proteolytic
Hemolytic
Clostridium botulinum
*06* 169.
Jerked fish, being the cause of food poisoning, has been delivered to a bacteriological
laboratory. The sample was cultured under anaerobic condition. After inoculation into Kitt-Tarozzi
medium a bacteriologist has revealed microorganisms akin to a tennis-racket. What disease do they
cause?
A. Typhoid fever.
B.
Salmonellosis.
Dysentery.
Staphylococcal toxic infection.
E.*Botulism.
*05*06*07* b-12 163.A bacteriological laboratory conducts a research of canned meat for the presence of
botulotoxin. An extract from the researched material with antitoxic antibotulinic serum of A, B, E
types was injected to the experimental group of mice. An extract without antitoxic serum was
injected to the control group.
What serologic test has been used?
A. Complement fixation.
B.
Precipitation.
C.
*Neutralization.
D.Opsonophagocytic.
E.Double immune diffusion.
59.
A patient with the previous diagnosis of botulism has been hospitalized. What serological reaction
should be used to determine botulinum toxin in test specimens?
A. Complement fixation test.
B.
Agglutination.
C.
*Neutralization.
D.Precipitation.
E.Immunofluorescence test.
94.
A.
B.
After eating canned mushrooms a patient has bulbar paralysis symptoms: ptosis, diplopia, aphonia,
and dysphagia. Botulism was previously diagnosed. What test should be used to determine the toxin
type?
*Neutralization.
Agglutination.
Precipitation.
E.
Complement fixation test.
Immunofluorescence test.
164.*2012* 2010* A student, having eaten meat, tinned in domestic conditions, has symptoms of food
poisoning, caused by Clostridium botulinum: diplopia, dysphrasia, respiratory paralysis. What
caused such symptoms of botulism?
A. Enterotoxin secretion.
B.
C. botulinum invasion into intestinal epithelium.
C.
*Neurotoxin action.
D.Endotoxic shock.
E.Activation of adenylate cyclase.
* A dried home-made fish was sent to laboratory as suspicious cause of severe food poisoning; symptoms
of disease indicated action of severe exotoxin, that damaged nuclei of medulla oblongata. Which
diagnosis was given in appointment card to laboratory assay?
Salmonellosis
Cholera
Dysentery
*Botulism
Enteric fever
*02*03*04* b-12 A patient N. admitted to hospital with complaints of vomiting, giddiness, diplopia,
difficulty of swallowing. A doctor suspected botulism. Which methods of laboratory diagnostics
should be used to confirm diagnosis?
A. *Biological probe, bacteriological
B. Allergic test, serology
C. bacteriological, mycological
D. protozoological, microscopy
E. –
* A patient with suspicious food poisoning has been made a diagnosis “botulism”. Which tactics of doctor
will be? Which drugs should be administered for treatment of patient?
*Gastric lavage, antibotulism sera, antibiotics
Antibiotics, vaccine
Gastric lavage, vaccine, antibiotics
Antibotulism sera, vaccine
Gastric lavage, vaccine, antibiotics
Gas gangrene infection
*From wound discharge of patient with suspected gas anaerobic infection next bacterium was isolated:
Gram-positive rod, 6x1.5 µm in size, with subterminal spore, and it can form capsule into the host
organism. What microbe is it?
*Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium tetani
Clostridium botulinum
Clostridium hystoliticum
Bacillus anthracis
* A patient with suspicious gas gangrene infection was admitted to hospital. Which medium should
patient sample be inoculated?
*Kitt-Tarozzi
Levin’s
Endo
Muller’s
Rassel’s
* Filtrates prepared from broth cultures of gas gangrene causative agents have poured into test tubes, then
added species antitoxic sera and have being remained at room temperature for 40 minutes. For
detection of anaerobic species it is necessary now:
*Inoculate the test tube contents into animal
Add agglutinating diagnostic serum into test tubes
Inoculate content of test tubes onto solid nutrient media
Add precipitating diagnostic serum into test tubes
Add erythrocytic diagnosticum into test tubes
21.
A patient injured in an accident has been suspected of probable development of anaerobic wound
infection (gas gangrene). What is the most appropriate treatment before making a specific
laboratory diagnosis?
A. Native plasma.
B.Toxoid.
C. Type specific immune serum.
D. *Polyvalent specific serum.
E.Placental γ-globulin.
*07* A sample from patient’s wound has admitted to laboratory. Which microbiological method may
indicate species belonging of causative agent?
*Bacteriological
RIA
Serological
Allergic
Bacterioscopy
b-12 A laboratory received a material from a patient's wound. Preliminary diagnosis is gaseous
gangrene. What microbiological method should be applied to determine species of causative
agent?
A Bacteriological
B Allergic
C Bacterioscopic
D Serological
E RIA
* At food poisoning a culture of anaerobic, Gram-positive spore-forming rods was isolated. Which
species, most probably, does isolated agent belong to?
*C.perfringens
Proteus vulgaris
P.mirabilis
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Escherichia coli
Corynebacterium diphtheria
87.
A patient was admitted to a clinic in grave condition, fever, heavy breathing. Preliminary diagnosis
of diphtheria croup was made by the microscopy of throat specimen. What method of staining was
used?
A. Peshkov's.
B.
Ziehl-Neelsen's.
C.Burri-Gins'.
D.*Neisser's.
E. Ozheshko's.
158. In the smear from the tonsils of a patient with diphtheria suspected there have been revealed blue
rods with thick-enings on the ends. What method of staining has been used?
A. *Loeffler's.
B.Burri's.
C.Gins'.
D.Gram's.
E.Neisser's.
* 108. Among the children of a boarding school there are cases of angina. Microscopy of tonsil smears
stained by Neisser method revealed yellow rods with dark-brown terminal granules arranged in the
form of V, W, and X letters (Rome number 5). What infection can be suspected in this case?
A. Infectious mononucleosis.
D. Tonsillitis.
B.
*Diphtheria.
C.
Listeriosis.
E.
Scarlet fever.
* A pure culture of Corynebacterium diphtheria had been isolated from a patient. After smear preparation
and staining with Neisser’s technique next inclusion bodies were revealed:
Starch
Glycogen
*Volutin (polyphosphate)
Sulfur
Drops of neutral lipids
*After examination of 6-year-old girl with angina a doctor suspected diphtheria. He collected a sample
from tonsils. Which microscopy appearance is typical for causative agent of this disease?
*Gram-positive rods arranged at angle
Gram-positive cocci arranged in chains
Gram-negative cocci arranged in pairs
Chaotically located Gram-negative rods
Paired Gram-negative cocci
OB-12 While examining a patient an otolaryngologist noticed hyperaemia and significantly
edematous tonsils with a grayish film upon them. Microscopical examination of this film
revealed some gram-positive bacilli placed at an angle with each other. What disease might be
suspected?
A Diphtheria
B Angina
C Scarlet fever
D Meningococcal nasopharyngitis
E Epidemic parotitis
* A pure culture was isolated from material (membrane from tonsils) of patient with suspected case of
diphtheria. Morfologically these microorganisms are:
*Rods with clublike bulges on ends
Spherical shape
Rod-shaped
Spiral form
Rods with pointed ends
* From patient with suspected faucial diphtheria a bacterium with next morphological properties was
isolated: Gram-positive rod with bulges onto ends, 3x0.6 µm, arranged as fence in smear. Which
microorganism is it?
*Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Corynebacterium pseudodiphthericum
Streptococcus
Actynomyces
Bordetella pertussis
* During identification of Corynebacterium diphtheria culture cultural properties, starch fermentation and
hemolytic activity are studied for:
*Indication of biovars
Indication of serovars
Detection of toxigenecity
Phage typing
Bacteriocin detection
b-12 A 4-year-old child presents with general weakness, sore throat and deglutitive problem.
After his examination a doctor suspected diphtheria and sent the material to the bacteriological
laboratory. In order to determine the diphtheria causative agent the material should be
inoculated into the following differential diagnostic medium:
A Blood tellurite agar
B Endo's agar
C Ploskyrev's agar
D Sabouraud's agar
E Levenshtein-Yessen agar
*08* b-12 Inoculum from pharynx of a patient ill with angina was inoculated onto blood-tellurite agar. It
resulted in growth of grey, radially striated (in form of rosettes) colonies 4-5 mm in diameter.
Gram-positive bacilli with clublike thickenings on their ends placed in form of spread wide apart
fingers are visible by microscope. What microorganisms are these?
*Diphtheria corynebacteria
Streptobacilli
Botulism clostridia
Streptococci
Diphtheroids
6.
Prophylactic vaccination of a student's group was necessary because of a case of diphtheria. What
preparation should be used to develop artificial active immunity?
A. *Diphtheria toxoid.
B.
Antidiphtheritic serum.
C.
Specific immunoglobulin.
D.Vaccine DPT (triple vaccine).
E.
Inactivated vaccine.
*07*08* b-12 45.
To determine the toxigenicity of diphtheria causative agents isolated from
patients, cultures are inoculated onto a Petri dish with nutrient agar on both sides of the centrally
located filter paper strip sodden with antidiphtheric antitoxic serum. After cultures incubation in the
agar between separate cultures and filter paper strip the sites of medium opacity are revealed.
Which serological reaction has been carried out?
A. Precipitation in gel.
B.
Coombs reaction.
C.
Agglutination.
D. *Ring-precipitation.
E.
Opsonization.
*05* During investigation of preschool institute staff for carriage state C.diphtheriae was isolated from
one of kindergarten teachers. Toxigenecity examination has been made and it nas been revealed that
this strain did not produce exotoxine. Which reaction was made to detect toxigenecity of diphtheria
bacteria?
Complement fixation test
Immunofluorescence test
Agglutination test
*Precipitation in agarose gel
Ring precipitation test
55.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Pure culture of diphtheria corynebacteria is isolated from a patient. What serologic test should be
used for detecting toxigenicity of the culture?
Agglutination.
*Precipitation in agar.
Complement fixation test.
Hemagglutination inhibition.
Passive hemagglutination.
102. Corynebacterium diphtheria was obtained from a sick child with diphtheria suspected. What
research is necessary to be carried out to be convinced that this microbe causes diphtheria?
A. Agglutination test.
B.Staining by Burri-Giens' method.
C.
Inoculation on blood agar.
D.Infecting a rabbit.
E.*Determining of toxigenicity
*07* 154.
A girl of 7 with high temperature, complaints of pain in throat and general weakness has
been hospitalized to the infectious department. The doctor has suspected diphtheria and has given
the instruction to take material from the fauces for isolation of the pure culture of the pathogen.
Which point is the most important for confirmation of the diagnosis «diphtheria»?
A. Detecting volutin granules in the causative agent.
B.
*Toxigenicity test.
C.Cystinase test.
D. Hemolytic activity of the causative agent.
E.Phage typing.
b-12 From pharynx of a child with suspected diphtheria a pure culture of microorganisms was
isolated. Their morphological, tinctorial, cultural and biochemical properties appeared to be
typical for diphtheria causative agents. What study should be conducted in order to drow a
conclusion that this is a pathogenic diphtheria bacillus?
A Estimation of toxigenic properties
B Estimation of proteolytic properties
C Estimation of urease activity
D Estimation of cystinous activity
E Estimation of ability to decompose starch
*03* 75.b-12 A microorganism, isolated from a 5-year-old child's nasopharynx, is identical to
Corynebacterium diphtheriae by morphological and biochemical properties, but doesn't form
exotoxin. What process can make this microorganism toxigenetic?
Chromosome mutation.
*Phage conversion.
Cultivation on telurite medium.
Passage through the organism of sensitive animals.
Cultivation in the presence of antitoxic serum.
* A child, 5 years old, has admitted to hospital with painful throat and fever. Diagnosis “diphtheria” was
made. It is known causative agent of diphtheria secretes toxin which damages translocation. Which
way does it make?
*By translocase inhibition
By modification of protein translocation factor
With translation mistakes
By elongation of inhibition
By aminoacyl-m-RNA linkage damage
129. Examining a 6-year-olf child a doctor has noticed on pharyngeal tonsils a grayish
"pseudomembrane". Attempt to remove it causes moderate bleeding. Bacterioscopy of tonsils
swabs has shown Gram-positive club-shaped bacteria. What symptoms can appear within the next
few days without specific treatment?
A. Very strong attack-like cough.
B.
Lungs edema
C.
*Toxic affection of the cardiac muscle, liver, kidneys.
D.Papular rash on skin.
E.Intermittent fever.
128. Antitoxic sera are used for the prophylaxis and treatment of:
A. Gonorrhea.
B.
Whooping cough.
C.
Shigellosis.
D. *Diphtheria.
E.Tuberculosis.
157. In the pediatric department of an infectious clinic a boy had diphtheria diagnosed. Which
preparation should be injected first of all?
A. *Diphtheritic antitoxin.
B. Diphtheritic anatoxin.
C.
APDT.
D.ADT.
E. TABTe
*06*08* In a patient with suspicious diphtheria microscopy of throat sample smear has revealed rodshaped bacteria with volutin granules. Which etiotropic drug is agent of choice in this case?
Eubiotic
*Antidiphtheric antitoxic serum
Interferone
Diphtheria toxoid
Bacteriophage
168. It is necessary to carry out specific active prophylaxis of diphtheria of children in a kindergarten.
What preparation should be used for this purpose?
A. *Toxoid.
B. Antibiotics.
C. Probiotics.
D. Corpuscular vaccine.
E.Immune serum.
Bordetella
b-12 A patient has been suffering from elevated temperature and attacks of typical cough for 10
days. Doctor administered inoculation of mucus from the patient's nasopharynx on the agar.
What microorganism is presumed?
A Pertussis bacillus
B Pfeiffer's bacillus
C Listeria
D Klebsiella
E
Staphylococcus
*05* 172.
In a kindergarten vaccination against pertussis is planned. Which preparation is used for
the immunization?
A. Type specific serum.
B.BCG vaccine.
C.*APDT vaccine (DPT).
D.Normal γ-globulin.
E. ADT vaccine.
*01*03*04* b-12 For serological diagnosis of whooping cough test tube reactions with pertussis and
parapertussis diagnosticums were made. Granular deposit was formed onto the test tube bottom in
which diagnosticum from Bordetella parapertussis had been inoculated. Which type of antibody
has this reaction revealed?
Antitoxins
Bacteriolysins
*agglutinins
precipitins
Opsonins
*2013* A patient has severe catarrhal symptoms. Material growth on Bordet-Gengou agar showed
mercury-drop-like colonies. Examination of the blood smears revealed some small ovoid gram-positive
bacilli sized 1-3 μm. What microorganisms were isolated?
A. Brucella
B. Corynebacteria
C. Meningococcus
D. Mycobacteria
E. *Bordetella
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
*01* 72.
Microscopy of the sputum of a patient with an acute form of pulmonary tuberculosis is
carried out to detect the causative agent of this disease. What method of staining is the most rational
in this case?
A. Gram's.
B.
*Ziehl —Neelsen's.
C. Burri —Gins'.
D. Romanowsky — Giemsa.
E. Neisser.
81.
Sputum of a patient with tuberculosis was delivered to a laboratory. What method of staining
should be used for detecting causative agents of tuberculosis?
A. Gram's.
B.* Ziehl — Neelsen's.
C. Burri —Gins'.
D. Romanowsky-Giemsa.
E.Neisser.
OB-12 A consumptive patient has an open pulmonary form of disease. Choose what sputum
staining should be selected for finding out the tubercle (Koch's) bacillus?
A Method of Ziel-Neelsen
B Method of Romanowsky-Giemsa
C Method of Gram
D Method of Neisser
E
Method of Burry-Gins
117. Centrifuge urine of a patient with renal tuberculosis suspected was used to prepare a smear. What
method of staining should be used for pathogen detecting?
A. Loeffler's.
B. Burri.
C. Gram's.
D. *Ziehl-Neelsen's.
E. Romanovsky-Giemsa.
*02* 05* 109. The sputum of a patient with tuberculosis was delivered to a bacteriological laboratory.
What staining method should be used for microscopic examination of the smears for revealing
tuberculosis mycobacteria?
A. Zdrodovsky's.
B.Bum's.
C.*Ziehl-Neelsen's.
D. Gram's.
E.Romanovsky-Giemsa.
*08* b-12 Microscopy of stained (Ziehl-Neelsen staining) smears taken from the sputum of a patient with
chronic pulmonary disease revealed red bacilli. What property of tuberculosis bacillus was shown
up?
Alcohol resistance
Capsule formation
Alkali resistance
*Acid resistance
Sporification
* A smear was prepared from the sputum of a patient with suspected tuberculosis, and it is stained by
Ziehl-Neelsen. Which properties of causative agent will be indicated for its identification?
*Morphological and tinctorial
Cultural and biochemical
Patogenecity and virulence
Biological and antigenic
Toxigenecity and immunogenecity
* As usually, soil is unfavorable environment for the most pathogenic species of bacteria, viruses, fungi
and protozoan. But, as factor of some causative agents transmission, it plays an important role.
Which from listed microorganisms may be kept (survive) in soil for the longest period?
Causative agent of plague
*Mycobacteria tuberculosis
Vibrio cholerae
Causative agent of tularemia
Shigella
* A sputum of patient with tuberculosis was sent to bacteriological laboratory. One from several
enrichment method , that is based onto treatment of sputum with alkali solution, should be used for
microscopy investigation of smears and tubercle bacilli revealing. What is the name of this method?
Inactivation
*Homogenization
Flotation
Filtration
Destruction
123. b-12 In the sputum smear stained by Ziehl-Neelsen's method are revealed single or grouping red
acid-fast rods. On nutrient, media first growth signs appear in 14 days. What species do the
microorganisms belong to?
A. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.
B.
*Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
C.
Histoplasma dubrosii.
D.Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis.
E.Coxiella burnettii.
63. Sputum examination by Price method revealed rod-shaped bacteria arranged in twisted ropes.
Which substance leads to sticking of these bacteria and their above-mentioned growth?
A. Tuberculin.
B.
*Cord-factor.
Phosphatid
Tuberculostearic acid.
E. PPD.
93.
A 6-year-old child with active tubercular process suspected had a diagnostic Mantoux test carried
out. What immunobiological preparation was injected?
A. APDT vaccine.
B.BCG vaccine.
C.*Tuberculin.
D. Tularin.
E.ADT vaccine
99. Children had Mantoux test done in a kindergarten. What preparation was used?
A. *Tuberculin.
B.Brucellin.
C.Tularin.
D.Antraxin.
E. Toxoplasmin
* Schedule newborns (5-7 days old) vaccination against tuberculosis plays an important role in prevention
of this disease. For control of its efficacy next probe (test) is used:
Schick test
*Tuberculin Mantoux test
Zax test
Allergic
Dick test
*07* 145. B-12 A 16-year-old patient from the countryside has a negative Mantoux test. What should the
doctor do?
A. *To give BCG injection.
B. To repeat the reaction in a month.
C.
To carry out tuberculosis serodiagnosis.
D. To quarantine the young man from the collective urgently.
E. To conduct the accelerated tuberculosis diagnostics by Price method.
*07* 160.b-12 At school medical inspection of pupils has been carried out. The purpose was to select
children for revaccination against tuberculosis. Which test has been used?
A. Burnet's.
B.Schick's.
C. Skin test with tularin.
D. *Mantoux test.
E. Anthraxin skin test.
*07*08* *2012* 48 hrs after tuberculine test (Mantoux test) a 10-years-old child had a papule 8
mm in diameter on the spot of tuberculine injection. What hypersensitivity mechanism
underlies these changes?
A. Hypersensitivity reaction II type
B. *Hypersensitivity reaction IV type
C. Reaction like serum illness
D. Atopic reaction
E. Reaction like Arthus phenomenon
*2013* a child with suspected tuberculosis was given Mantoux test. After 24 hrs the site of
allergen injection got swollen, hyperemic and painful/ What are the main components that
determine such response of the body?
A. Plasma cells, T-lymphocytes and lymphokines
B. B-lymphocytes, IgM
C. Macrophages, B-lymphocytes and monocytes
D. Granulocytes, T-lymphocytes and IgG
E. Mononuclear cells, T-lymphocytes and lymphokines
159.b-12
At a maternity hospital immunization of all newborn 5-7 days-old children against
tuberculosis has been carried out. What vaccine has been used?
A. Tetanus toxoid.
B. Diphtheritic toxoid.
C.
*BCG.
D. TABTe.
E.
APDT.
*2011*2013* b-12 While registering the child to the school Mantu's test was made to define
whether revaccination
was needed. Test result was negative. What does this result of the
test mean?
A *Absence of cell immunity to the tuberculosis
B Presence of cell immunity to the tuberculosis
C Absence of antibodies for tubercle bacillus
D Absence of antitoxic immunity to the tuberculosis
E Presence of antibodies for tubercle bacillus
*08* Planned mass vaccination of all newborn 5-7 day old children against tuberculosis plays an
important role in tuberculosis prevention. In this case the following vaccine is applied:
Adsorbed diphtheria vaccine
Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine (DPT)
*BCG
Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DTT)
Mycobacterium leprae
97.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
After complex examination of a patient leprosy was diagnosed. Name the skin allergic test, which
should be used to confirm the diagnosis.
Dick's.
Mantoux.
*Mitsuda's.
Coombs'.
Schick’s.
*03*a child had been examined with Mantoux test to decide about necessity of revaccination. Test
appeared as negative. What does such result indicate?
Absence of antitoxic immunity to tubercle bacilli
Presence of antibody to tubercle bacilli
*absence of cellular immunity to tuberculosis
Presence of cellular immunity to tuberculosis
Absence of antibody to tubercle bacilli
Treponema pallidum
141. A patient with syphilis suspected has arrived to a hospital. What method should be used for
detecting the causative agent in hard chancre?
A. Microscopy of material stained by Gram's method.
Isolation of pure culture.
*Using dark-field microscopy.
Wassermann test.
E. Agglutination test.
*06* A patient, 18 years old, has enlarged inguinal lymph nodes, painless, indurated at palpation. On
genital mucous membrane there is small ulcer with indurated edges and “varnished” grayish
bottom. What diagnosis is the most probable?
Gonorrhea
Tuberculosis
Leprosy
Trophic ulcer
*Syphilis
*04* 80.b-12 Microscopy of the specimen of a regional lymph node punctate stained by RomanowskyGiemsa showed thin microorganisms with 12-14 regular curls and pointed ends of light rose color
10-13 micrometers long. What disease could this agent cause?
A. Relapsing fever.
B.Toxoplasmosis.
C.Leptospirosis.
D. *Syphilis.
E.Leishmaniasis.
162. A laboratory assistant has taken blood serum from a patient with preliminary diagnosed syphilis for
the immune reaction based on detecting antibodies, which inhibit the motility of treponemes and
lead to their death. What test has been used for diagnostics?
A. Complement fixation.
B. *Immobilization.
C. Agglutination.
D. Precipitation.
E.Neutralization.
*Treponema immobilization test is used for confirmation of diagnosis “secondary syphilis”. Which
reagents are necessary for this test?
*Patient serum, complement, alive treponema suspension
Inactivated patient serum, complement, alive treponema suspension
Patient blood, complement, alive treponema suspension
Patient serum, complement, cardiolipin antigen, alive treponema suspension
Patient blood, complement, cardiolipin antigen, alive treponema suspension
*06* 71.
To conduct syphilis serum diagnostics using the Wassermann test a laboratory doctor has
prepared the following reagents: cardiolipidic antigen (ethanolic extract of lipids from a bull's
cardiac muscle with cholesterol), hemolytic system, test serums, isotonic sodium chloride solution,
and antigen of treponema destroyed by ultrasound. What another ingredient should be used for this
test?
A. *Complement.
B.Live treponema.
C.Sheep erythrocytes.
D.Diagnostic precipitating serum.
E. Diagnostic antiglobulin serum
155. A 30-year-old patient's Wassermann test is positive (++++). What infectious disease diagnostics is
this test used for?
A. Brucellosis.
B.* Syphilis.
C. Tuberculosis.
D. Poliomyelitis.
E. Influenza.
*00* During patient with pulmonary tumor examination Wassermann test has been made and it was
positive (+++). Which next doctor tactics will be?
To assign Wassermann test secondary with microprecipitation test
*To make a diagnosis: syphilis
To assign Wassermann test secondary
To assign microprecipitation tests
To assign biopsy formpulmonary tumor
*A month after discharge of young man from the dermatovenereological hospital, where he had been
treated from syphilis, he visited a doctor again with complaints of indurated painless ulcer. A
doctor made diagnosis “primary syphilis”. What results of previous treatment? What is the name of
form of infectious disease revealed by doctor?
*Total recovery, reinfection
Total recovery, superinfection
Partial recovery, reccurence
Partial recovery, carrier state
Total recovery., secondary infection
Borrelia spp.
*00* 79.
Microscopy of the blood smear stained by Romanovsky-Giemsa showed thin, bluishviolet filaments with 5-7 large curls 10-30 micrometers and more long. What disease can be
characterized by such microscopic picture?
A. Leishmaniasis.
B. Syphilis.
C. Leptospirosis.
D. Toxoplasmosis.
E. *Relapsing fever.
120. To an infectious clinic a patient with preliminary diagnosed epidemic relapsing fever is
hospitalized. What material, taken from the patient, is it necessary to examine first of all?
A. *Blood.
B. Urine.
C. Spinal fluid.
D. Feces.
E. Nasopharynx swab.
*01* 139.
A patient with a periodically repeating fever is hospitalized to an infectious department.
In blood specimen (a thick drop), stained by Romanovsky-Giemsa method, spiral microorganisms
with sharp ends of blue-violet color are revealed. Which disease is caused by this agent?
A. *Relapsing fever.
B.Typhoid fever.
C.Malaria.
D. Epidemic typhus.
E.Leptospirosis.
*From patient with suspicious relapsing fever blood was taken during fever. A smear “thick drop” was
prepared for bacterioscopy. Which method of staining should be used for causative agent revealing?
By Ziehl-Neelsen
*By Romanowsky-Giemsa
By Burri-Hins
By Neisser
By Aujesky
*What sanitary-epidemiological measure allows to decrease suddenly morbidity rate for epidemic
relapsing fever?
*Fight with pediculosis (lice)
Extermination of wild rodents
Disinfestations (extermination of animals)
Insecticide usage
Acaricide usage (fight with ticks)
*02* After patient examination a diagnosis – tick-born relapsing fever (borreliosis). Which way might
patient be infected?
Through bite of malarial mosquito
*through bite of country tick
Through bite of dog tick
Through bite of taiga tick
Through bite of mosquito
* Lyme borreliosis (Lyme disease) was revealed in endemic regions of the USA first, but now it is
registered in Europe, Asia and Australia. Which way is Lyme borreliosis transmitted?
Via hemotransfusion
*Via tick bite
After contact with rodent’s urine
At eating of waterfowl meat
Via louse bite
Leptospira interrogans
*06, 07* 165. B-12 A patient was hospitalized on the 5th day of illness with jaundice signs, pain in
muscles, rigor, nose bleeding. A bacteriologist used dark-field microscopy. In the patient's blood
there have been revealed motile spiral microorganisms. Name the causative agent.
A. Bartonella bacilloformis.
B.
Borrelia duttoni.
C.
Calymmatobacterium granulomatis.
D.*Leptospira interrogans
E. Rickettsia mooseri.
173. In the endemic region of leptospirosis the population is ill with this dangerous illness. What source
of the infection is the most dangerous?
A. *Rodents.
B.Dairy products.
C.Cattle.
D.Meat products.
E. Ticks.
* There have been motile microorganisms with many small coils stained pink by Romanowsky-Giemsa
in urine of patient with signs of intoxication and renal failure. History revealed that patient swam in
water reservoir some days ago. Which disease may be suspected?
*Leptospirosis
Syphilis
Influenza
Brucellosis
Pseudotuberculosis
b-12
A man died from an acute infectious disease accompanied by fever, jaundice, haemorrhagic
rash on the skin and mucous membranes as well as by acute renal insufficiency. Histological
examination of renal tissue (stained by Romanovsky-Giemsa method) revealed some
convoluted bacteria looking like C und S letters. What bacteria were revealed?
A Leptospira
B Treponema
C Spirilla
D Borrelia
E Campilobacteria
Campylobacter/Helicobacter
149. During fibrogastroscopy there was taken mucosa biopsy material in the site of the ulcer of a patient
with stomach ulcer. In the Gram-stained touch smear there were revealed Gram-negative curved
microorganisms. With the rest biopsy material urease test had been made. This test was positive.
What bacteria have been revealed?
A. *Campylobacter jejuni.
B. Spirilla minor.
C. Shigella flexneri.
D. Treponema pallidum.
E. Helicobacter pylori.
143. A doctor has suggested a patient to make bacteriological analysis to detect the causative agent of
gastric ulcer. What microorganisms can be isolated?
A.
Salmonellae.
B. Listeria.
C. Leptospires.
D. *Helicobacter pylori.
E. Shigellae.
122. A 28-year-old patient with moderate intoxication and bloody diarrhea
is hospitalized. Stool
culture revealed curved Gram-negative bacteria — microaerophils, catalase-positive, ureasepositive, without spores and capsules, motile.
Which bacteria are characterized by
these
properties?
A. Proteus mirabilis.
B.
Escherichia coli.
C.
Haemophilus influenzae.
D.*Helicobacter pylori.
E.Salmonella typhi.
* A man, 45 years old, has been diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease after X-ray examination. Which
nutrient medium is biopsy sample inoculated for bacteriological confirmation of diagnosis?
Blood agar
*Nutrient medium for urease revealing
Endo medium
Ploskirev medium
Meat-peptone agar
“2012” b-12 A patient underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Analysis of the biopsy material enabled
doctors to diagnose him with helicobacteriosis. What property of the bacteria found in this
patient
had to be obligatory taken into account during their cultivation?
A Microaerophilic ability
B Presence of urease
C Colonisation of gastral cells
D Absence of spores and capsules
E Presence of six polar flagella
Chlamidia
* Chlamidia trachomatis has been isolated from genital tract of 35years old man, suffering from chronic
urethritis. What organs may this causative agent damage else?
Kidney
Joints
*Eyes
Central nervous system
Gastro-intestinal tract
* Which method of investigation is the most informable to control recovery after chlamydial infection?
*Direct immunofluorescence
Antibody titer detection with ELISA
Polymerase chain reaction
Western-blot
Smear microscopy
Rickettsia
* A patient, 55 years old, with typical rash, fever, and giddiness was admitted to hospital. A previous
diagnosis “epidemic typhus” was made. No more same cases were registered. In youth (15 years)
he had typhus in board school. Which disease may be told about?
Enteric fever
Measles
Rubella
Cholera
*Brill’s disease
Pathogenic fungi : Candida
*07* 147.b-12 On the mucous membrane of cheeks and tongue of a child some whitish spots looking
like coagulated milk were revealed. In the prepared smears Gram-positive oval yeast-like cells are
found. What causative agent is this?
A. Corinebacterium diphtheriae.
B. Staphylococci.
C.
*Fungi of Candida genus,
D. Actinomycetes.
E.
Fusobacteria.
*08* b-12 Microscopic examination of a Gram-stained scrape from patient’s tongue revealed oval, round
elongated chains of dark-violet gemmating cells. What disease can be caused by this causative
agent?
Diphtheria
*Candidosis
Staphylococcal infection
Actinomycosis
Streptococcal infection
124. The scraping of albescent fur from oral cavity mucous membranes was sent to a laboratory. The
material was inoculated onto Sabouraud's medium. Sour cream-like colonies' growth was revealed.
Bacterioscopic method has shown short budding strings. What group of infections can we refer this
disease to?
A. *Mycosis.
B.Spirochetosis.
C.Rickettsiosis.
D. Mycoplasmosis.
E.Chlamidiosis.
*113. A pediatrician examining a 3-month-old child has noticed that the mucous membrane of the oral
cavity and the tongue are covered with dense whitish fur. In the material taken from the site of
affection a bacteriologist has revealed yeast. What mycosis will he suspect in this case?
A. Actinomycosis.
B. Favus.
C. Epidermophytia.
D. *Candidiasis.
E.Trichophytosis
A child was hospitalized to a clinic. On the mucous membrane of cheeks, palate, and tongue there was
revealed white and yellowish fur typical of candidiasis. What material should be taken for examination?
A. *White exudates (plaques) from different sites of oral cavity.
B.
Hair and nails.
C. Blood.
D. Mucus from nasopharynx.
E.Urine.
35.
Candidosis of the oral cavity of a child is diagnosed. What preparation should be used for
treatment?
A. Cifran.
B. Gentamycin.
C.Penicillin sodium salt.
D.Tetracycline hydrochloride.
E. *Nystatin.
78.
Microscopy of the smear of vaginal discharges of a woman with chronic colpovaginitis revealed
round and oval budding cells 3-6 micrometers in size. Name the fungal disease, which can be
caused by these microorganisms.
A. Epidermophytium.
B.Coccidiosis.
C.*Candidosis.
D. Microsporia.
E.Cryptococcosis.
26.
A pregnant woman complained of itching and genital tracts discharges. Bacterioscopy of vaginal
discharges smear showed big Gram-positive oval oblong cells which form pseudomycelium. What
is the most plausible causative agent of the disease?
A. Staphylococci.
B.*Fungi of Candida genus.
C.
Streptococci.
D.Diplococci.
E. Sarcina.
*05*Gram-positive big oval cells with budding chaotically located and elongated cells arranged in chains
have been isolated from mucous membrane of a patient, which has been treated with
immunosuppressive drugs for a long time. Which causative agent was isolated?
Streptobacteria
Streptococci
Actynomyces
Yersinia
*Candida
* After long-lasting treatment with antibiotics signs of stomatitis have developed in a patient. There were
oval pleomorphic Gram-positive cells that arranged in clusters in smears prepared from mucous
membrane of oral cavity. Which from listed later microorganisms might be reason of such
appearance?
*C.albicans
C.perfringens
S.aureus
S.pyogenes
C.pylori
*03* b-12 At microscopy of patient’s hair taken from damaged places there were mycelium fragments,
spores, air bubbles and lipid droplets. What fungal disease is such microscopy appearance is typical
for?
*Favus (crusted ringworm)
Trichophytosis
Epidermophytosis
Microsporia
Sporotrychosis
Protozoa
136. A woman with complaints characteristic of inflammatory process in vagina has referred to a
gynecologist. Which protozoa can it be caused by?
A. *Trichomonas vaginalis.
B.Toxoplasma gondii.
C.Plasmodium malariae.
D. Entamoeba coli.
E.Lamblia intestinalis.
*06*07* a patient has symptoms of inflammatory process of genito-urinary tract. There are large
unicellular pear-shaped organisms with pointed spike on the back side of body, large nucleus and
undulate membrane. Which protozoan has been found in a smear?
*Trichomonas vaginalis
Lamblia intestinalis
Trichomonas buccalis
Trichomonas hominis
Trypanosoma gambiense
*08* A gynecologist was examining a patient and revealed symptoms of genital tract infection. A smear
from vagina contains pyriform protozoa with spine, flagella at their front; there is also an
undulating membrane. What disease can be suspected?
*Urogenital trichomoniasis
Balantidiasis
Toxoplasmosis
Intestinal trichomoniasis
Lambliasis (giardiasis)
*2012* a patient consulted with dentist about itching and burning in the oral cavity; high
temperature. The patient was diagnosed with trichiomonal gingivostomatitis. What drug should
be chosen for his treatment?
A. Doxycycline hydrochloride
B. Ampicillin
C. Gentamycin sulfate
D. Nystatin
E. metronidazole
*02* a woman, 32 year old, with asymptomatic infection has delivered dead child with apparent
microcephaly at second time. What disease should doctor think about at first turn?
Histoplasmosis
Brucellosis
Listeriosis
Syphilis
*Toxoplasmosis
*07* A patient is suspected ill with one from protozoan infections. His lymph node punctate has been
investigated. There were half-moon shaped (semilunar) bodies with pointed end, blue cytoplasm
and red nuclei in the smear stained with Romanowsky-Giemsa. Which protozoan was revealed in
smears?
*Toxoplasma
Trypanosome
Malarial plasmodia
Viscera-tropic leishmania
Dermatotropic leishmania
*02*,*03*,*04* *2012* Doctor was visited with patients suffering from the similar complains: weakness,
intestinal pain and disorders of GIT. After feecs investigation it has been revealed that current
hospitalization was necessary for one of patients, at which cysts with four nuclei have been
revealed. What protozoan is such cyst typical for?
Trichomonas
Balantidium
*Dysentery amoeba
Lamblia (Giardia)
Intestinal amoeba
*05,06* A patient with biliary tract inflammation was admitted to gastro-intestinal department. There
were motile pear-shaped protozoa, double-nucleated with bearing stem – axostyle. Which
protozoan infection is diagnosed at this patient?
*Giardiasis
Enteric amoebiasis
Enteric balantidiasis
Trichomoniasis
Amoebial dysentery
*2013* b-12 examination of the duodenal contents revealed some pear-shaped protozoa with
two nuclei and four pairs of flagella. The organisms has also two axostyles between the nuclei
and a ventral adhesive disc. What protozoan representive was found in the patient?
A. Toxoplasma
B. Lamblia
C. Trypanosome
D. Leishmania
E. Intestinal trichomonas
*03* Parents, that have been worked in Asian country, visited a doctor with ill child. A child has sallow
complexion, lack of appetite, sluggishness, enlarged liver, spleen, and regional lymph nodes.
Which protozoan infection may be suspected?
Toxoplasmosis
Amoebiasis
Balantidiasis
Lambliosis (giardiasis)
*Visceral leishmaniosis
*04* two weeks after blood transfusion recipient has fever. What protozoan disease may be thought
about?
Trypanosomiasis
Amoebiasis
Toxoplasmosis
*Malaria
Leishmaniasis
*2013* a patient who has recently come from an epidemic area presents with elevated body temperature,
headache, chills, malaise, that is with are typical for a common cold. What laboratory test are nessesary
either to confirm orto refuse the diagnosis of malaria?
A. Microscopy of the bone marrow punctuate
B. Study of the lymph node punctuate
C. *Microscopy of the blood smears
D. Study of cerebrospinal fluid
E. Urine assay
*06* a person, which lived in endemic region, has had tertian malaria. 1.5 years after leaving for another
region he fell ill with malaria again. What is the most probable form of this disease?
Reinfection
Superinfection
*residivation (recurrence)
Secondary infection
Persistent infection
Sanitary microbiology
3.
E.
During a sanitary-bacteriological tap water investigation the following results were obtained: the
total amount of bacteria in 1.0 ml is 80, coli index is 3. How should the results of the investigation
be evaluated?
Quality of water is doubtful.
*Water is eligible for drinking
Quality of water is very doubtful
Water is polluted.
Water is considerably polluted.
b-12 Sanitary-bacteriological investigation of water by the method of membranous filters detects
two red colonies on a membranous filter (Endo medium), through which 500 ml of the explored
water has been passed. What are the coli index and coli titer of the explored water?
A. *4 and 250.
B.
2 and 500.
C.
250 and 4.
D. 500 and 2.
E. 250 and 2.
Coli-index is an amount of E.coli per 1000 ml of investigated water
Coli-titer is a volume of water (ml) including 1 cell of E.coli
36.
B.
Sanitary-bacteriological water research is carried out to assess drinking water eligibility. What
numerical symbol characterizes the amount of E.coli per one liter?
Perfringens titer.
Coli titer.
Coli phage titer.
*Coli index
Total microbial amount.
60.
Sanitary-microbiologic drinking water research is being carried out in a bacteriological laboratory.
Total microbial amount appeared to be nearly 100. What microorganisms were taken into account?
A.Enteropathogenic bacteria and viruses.
B.
Coliform bacteria.
C.
Pathogenic for people and animals bacteria.
D.Opportunistic microorganisms.
E.
*All bacteria, which have grown on nutrient medium.
Microbial amount of air in a hospital room appeared to be 1500 cells/m3. What groups of
microorganisms were taken into consideration?
A. Bacteria and viruses — causative agents of respiratory infections.
B.
* All bacteria, which have grown in nutrient medium.
C.
Staphylococci and streptococci.
D. Hospital infection causative agents.
E. All pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria.
61.
*b-12 At usual control of the sanitary- bacteriological state of the chemist department (pharmacia)
bacteriological investigation of air has been made. There were bacilli, yeast-like fungi, hemolytic
streptococci, and micrococci in it. Which kind of revealed microorganisms indicates the direct
epidemic hazard?
Micrococci
*Streptococci
bacilli
Yeast-like fungi
*For sanitary state assessment of maternity hospital the investigation of air into delivery room, new born
department, and other rooms has been made with Krotov’s apparatus (aspiration technique). Which
microorganism indicates hazard epidemic situation in maternity hospital?
Micrococci
Escherichia coli
*Pathogenic staphylococci
Lactic acid bacteria
Bifidumbacteria
During air control of operative theatre before surgery next results have been obtained: 356 colonies have
grown onto the MPA, and 6 golden colonies with clear zone of hemolysis onto the blood agar. Are
these normal data for air or not?
Corresponds to normal data
Corresponds to temperate contamination
*Contaminated with golden Staphylococcus (S.aureus)
It is difficult to estimate result
Contaminated with fungi
*At sanitary-bacteriological investigation of the meat products (boiled sausage, after customer request) a
seeding onto special nutrient media has been made (Endo agar, MPA, Wilson-Bluer agar). After 2
days more then 250 colonies were revealed onto MPA, 45 ones – onto Endo, and 3 ones onto WB
agar. How can you estimate freshness and quality of this product ?
*High contaminated, ineligible for usage
Pure, normal
Temperate contaminated, normal
Contaminated with E.coli, normal
Contaminated with clostridia, ineligible for usage
Normal microbiota
Vaginal dysbacteriosis of a pregnant woman is diagnosed. What preparation should be prescribed in
this case?
A.Bacteriophage.
B.
Antibiotic.
Interferon.
*Eubiotic
Polyvitamin
31.
A patient, who has been taking antibiotics for a long time, has developed intestinal
dysbacteriosis. What drugs should be prescribed for restoration of normal microflora?
A.Sulfonamide.
B.
*Eubiotics.
C.
Interferon.
D.Antimycotic.
E. Nitrofurans.
*2012* b-12 As a result of durative antibiotic therapy a 37-year old patient developed intestinal
dysbacteriosis. What type of drugs should be used in order to normalize intestinal microflora?
A *Eubiotics
B Sulfanilamides
C Bacteriophages
D Autovaccines
E Vitamins
* At disbiosis arising with qualitative and quantitative changes of human microbiota its correction with
drugs consisting from normal flora is significant . What is their name?
Xenobiotic
Antibiotic
Vaccine
Immune modulator
*Eubiotic
Patient with chronic pneumonia after antibiotic therapy course has dyspepsia, meteorism (flatulency) and
diarrhea. Bacteriological investigation of the feces has demonstrated absence of E.coli, less amount
of lacto- and bifidobacteria. Which drug should be administered to patient?
Antibiotics and vitamins
Sulfanilamides and eubiotics
*Eubiotics and vitamins
Eubiotics and antibiotics
Sulfanilamides and vitamines
*01* , *02* At disbiosis, which is accompanied with putrefaction process (Proteus, Pseudomonas) and
increasing (growing) of feces рН, it is necessary to administrate biological drug, which acidates
environment and demonstrates antagonistic effect. Which kind of microorganism is capable of this
action?
Enterobacter
Klebsiella spp.
Serratia spp.
Azotobacter
*Bifidumbacter
*For prevention of fungal disbiosis that can arise after intensive antibiotic therapy it is appropriate to
prescribe together with antibiotics the special drug, including alive and resistant to antibiotics
microorganisms. What microorganism is it talking about?
Lactobacteria
*Saccharomyces
Bifidobacteria
Colibacilli
Lactic acid streptococci
*Some members of normal microbiota belong to etiological factors of opportunistic infections at
immunodeficiency states. Choose the most probable member of microbiota often causing such
infections.
*Candida albicans
Staphylococcus aureus
Clostridia perfringens
Streptococcus pyogenes
Escherichia coli
*At bacteriological investigation of urine E.coli has been revealed, its microbial amount was 106 CFU per
1 ml. What does such amount of E.coli testify to?
*Ascending infection of the urinary tract (pyelonephritis)
Glomerulonephritis with autoimmune component
Urea contamination with urethra microbiota
Urea contamination with air microbiota
Septicemia attending of causative agent shedding with urea
Bank of Krok testing to module N3
Virology : general points
* For virus indication into cell culture a method is used that based onto changes of pH of culture
medium during cultivation viruses in vitro. What is the name of this virus indication method?
*Color test
Cytopathic effect
Hemagglutination test
Hemadsorption
Plaque formation
*For vaccine preparation microbial cultures are propagated onto artificial nutrient media. Which
microorganisms do not grow into artificial nutrient media?
*Viruses
Fungi
Actynomyces
Protozoa
Micoplasma
*A sample from patient with diagnosis “Influenza” was sent to laboratory. During virological
investigation hemadsorption test has been used. Which viruses can be revealed with this test?
All of naked viruses
All of enveloped viruses
*Viruses possessing hemagglutinins on their surface
DNA-including viruses
Any virus
* During virological investigation of a sample, collected from patient A., 15 year old, with
suspicious infectious mononucleosis, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was revealed. Which order of
DNA-including viruses replication into the host cell is correct?
*Deproteinization, transcription, protein synthesis, virus DNA synthesis
Deproteinization, protein synthesis, transcription, virus DNA synthesis
Transcription, protein synthesis, deproteinization, virus DNA synthesis
Protein synthesis, deproteinization, transcription,, virus DNA synthesis
No one
* Papilloma virus, the 16th type, was revealed with PCR in a patient with cervical malignancy. It is
known, this virus integrates own DNA with host genome. What is the name of virus integrated with
cell genome?
*Provirus
Viroid
Virusoid
Virion
Prion
* A sample from patient with diagnosis “ARVI” was sent to laboratory for virological
investigation. What is purpose of virus typing isolated from patient’s sample?
*Etiological diagnostics of virus infection
To study biological properties of viruses
To study physico-chemical properties of viruses
Development of non-specific prevention measures
To study virus resistance to environmental factors action
*A child, 1.5 year-old, had been suspected with adenovirus infection by physician. With CFT
antibody titer to adenovirus in patient serum was revealed as 1:20. During recovery (after 2 weeks)
serology was repeated. Which result confirms previous diagnosis?
Decreasing of antibody titer
*Increasing of antibody titer
The same titer of antibody
Negative result of CFT
Uncomplete antibody revealing
*To confirm diagnosis of acute respiratory virus infection with laboratory methods a doctor decided
to use serological method of diagnostics. Which way should material be collected for this
investigation?
*At onset of disease (as early as possible) and after 2-3 weeks
At onset of disease (as early as possible)
At the end of disease, in period of symptoms fading
At peak of disease, when all clinical symptoms are bright
At maximal data of body temperature
* A district doctor recommended interferone usage to prevent influenza. What is mechanism of
action of this preparation?
Damage maturation of a virus
Inhibition of virus releasing from cell
*Blockage of translation initiation and destruction virus-specific m-RNA
Blockage of virus deproteinization
Inhibition of virus adsorption onto cell receptors
Phages
* For prevention of post-surgery complication abdominal cavity of patient was inoculated with 50
ml of liquid polyvalent staphylococcal phage. What is mechanism of this drug action?
*Lyses of microbial cells
Neutralization of staphylococcal toxins
Immunity activation
Inhibition of causative agent growth
Disorder of virulent enzymes biosynthesis
A child, 8 month old, has intestinal disorders. Qualitative and quantitative assay of intestinal
microbiota revealed disbiosis. Coli-proteus bacteriophage is administered for treatment. What is
mechanism of this drug action?
*Cause lyses of opportunistic enterobacteria
Promotion multiplication of Bifidibacteria
Enhance antagonistic effect of Lactobacilli
Stimulate synthesis of secretory IgA
Intencify barrier properties of intestinal mucous membrane
* For gene-ingeneering insulin production a strain of E.coli was created, that includes gene
determining synthesis of this hormone. It is the most reasonable in strain-producer creation to use
vector which causes destruction of E.coli cell after task is made. Which kind of genetic structure is
this?
Plasmids
*Bacteriophage
Isolated DNA-fragment
Isolated RNA-fragment
Transposon
Special virology: HIV
182.
It is known that human immunodeficiency virus belongs to Retroviridae family. What
basic feature characterizes this family?
A.
Simple viruses, which affect only human beings.
B.
Contain RNA of negative polarity.
C.
*Presence of reverse transcriptase enzyme.
D.Nucleic acid does not integrate into the genome of the host.
E. DNA-containing viruses which cause chronic infections.
*08* It was revealed that T-lymphocytes were affected by HIV. Virus enzyme – reverse
transcriptase (RNA-dependent DNA-polymerase) – catalyze the synthesis of:
A. Viral DNA on DNA matrix
B. DNA on virus ribosomal RNA
C. Virus informational RNA (m-RNA) on the matrix of DNA
D. mRNA on the matrix of virus protein
E. *DNA on the matrix of virus mRNA
Rather often the cause of acquired immunodeficiency is the infectious damage of organism which is
characterized by causative agents' reproduction directly in immune system cells and destruction of these
cells. Choose such disease among given below.
A.
*AIDS.
B.Diphtheria.
C.Poliomyelitis.
D.
Cholera.
E.Epidemic typhus
OB-12 Quite often the cause of secondary immunodeficiency is an infection involvement, when
the
causative agents propagate directly in the cells of immune system and destroy it. The
following diseases are characterized by:
A Infectious mononucleosis, AIDS
B Tuberculosis, mycobacteriosis
C Poliomyelitis, type A hepatitis
D Dysentery, cholera
E Q-fever, epidemic typhus
*02* During autopsy there were dark-red spots, plaques and nodes (Kaposi’s sarcoma) on the skin
of distal part of low extremities. Acute pneumonia was also revealed, caused with Pneumocysts.
What disease are these changes typical for?
A. *AIDS
B. Anthrax
C. Diphtheria
D. Influenza
E. Measles
* The most often causative agent of opportunistic pneumonia at HIV/AIDS infection is:
A. *Pneumocysts
B. Staphylococci
C. Streptococci
D. Cytomegoloviruses
E. klebsiella
*A patient, homosexual man, was admitted to hospital with complaints of general weakness, dry
cough, and fever. Bilateral root infiltrates were indicated with X-ray examination. What is the most
probable reason of such pneumonia?
A. *Pneumocysts
B. Staphylococci
C. Streptococci
D. Mycoplasma
E. Klebsiella
*06* 37. S. aureus associated with S. epidermidis is isolated from numerous skin pustules of a 25year-old patient. Sputum analysis detects Pneumocysts carinii; feces analysis detects
Cryptosporidia, Proteus vulgaris, and fungi of Candida genus. What disease is characterized by
such multiple infection caused by opportunistic microorganisms?
A.
*AIDS.
B.Diabetes mellitus.
C.Sepsis
D.Dysbacteriosis.
E.
Drug agranulocytosis.
179.
A 20-year-old patient has AIDS diagnosed. What cells populations are the most sensitive
to the human immunodeficiency virus?
A.
B-lymphocytes.
B.Hepatocytes.
C.Endotheliocytes.
D.
Epitheliocytes.
E.*T-helpers.
199. “12” b-12 Human immunodeficiency virus, having on its surface antigens gp41 and gpl20,
interacts with the target cells of an organism. Which human lymphocytes marker can be
complementary connected with gpl20 of the virus?
A.*CD 4.
B.CD 3.
C.CD 8.
D.CD 19.
E. CD 28.
*One from perspective area of drug elaboration for treatment of HIV is creation of medicines that
competitively block receptors onto lymphocytes and miss adsorption viruses onto them. What
structure is talking about?
A. *CD 4
B. GP120
C. GP41
D. CD 28
E. CD 29
* A donor, clinically healthy 25-year-old man, should be examined for carriage of human
immunodeficiency virus. What exactly will be revealed at donor blood assay, if he is really
infected?
A. Virus RNA
B. Antibody to viral glycoproteins
C. *Revertase enzyme
D. Provirus
E. Decreasing of T-cells number
*A child, 3 –year-old, has been transfused with HIV-positive blood. Next 6 months infection has
not being developed, but carrier state was formed, that was connected with transformation of
causative agent into provirus form. What is provirus?
A. *Double-stranded DNA
B. Single-stranded RNA
C. Virus enzyme complex
D. Nucleocapsid of virus without surface envelope
E. Glycoprotein component of supercapsid
*A patient was informed that serology for detection of HIV-infection consists from 2 steps. Which
test is used for serum investigation to detect antiviral antibody at first stage?
A. *ELISA
B. Immunoblotting
C. RIA
D. IFA
E. PHA-test
*07* b-12 At examination of young man in AIDS center ELISA test with HIV antigens was
positive. He has no complaints of healthy state. What does ELISA result indicate?
A. *HIV-infection
B. Persistence of HBI
C. State after AIDS
D. AIDS
E. HBV infection
186.
During checking the donors' blood at a hemotransfusion station antibodies to human
immunodeficiency virus have been revealed in the serum. What method is recommended for the
confirmation of HIV-infection diagnosis?
A.
Complement fixation test.
B.
Electron microscopy.
C.
*Western blotting (immunoblotting).
D.
Immunofluorescence test.
E.
Radioimmunoassay
197.*2012*
b-12During immunoblot analysis protein gp120 has been revealed in blood
serum. What infection can be diagnosed by this antigen detecting?
A.
Virus hepatitis B.
B.*HIV-infection.
C.Tuberculosis.
D.
Syphilis.
E.Poliomyelitis.
*What method of laboratory diagnostics is the most informative during seronegative period of HIVinfection?
A. *PCR
B. ELISA for antibody detection
C. Western-blot for antibody detection
D. Hemagglutination reaction
E. ELISA for antigen detection
*04*05* 200.b-12
Blood serum examination of a patient with signs of immunodeficiency
has shown antibodies to proteins gpl20 and gp41. Which disease is confirmed by this result?
A.
TORCH-infection
B.
HLTV-1-infection.
C.
*HIV-infection.
D.HBV-infection.
E. ECHO-virus infection.
189.
In a specialized clinic a patient has been prescribed a combination of preparations, which
inhibit HIV reproduction. To what group do the preparations, which are obligatory used in complex
antiviral treatment, belong?
A.
Interleukin.
B.
Broad spectrum antibiotics.
C.
*Nucleosides analogs.
D.
Nystatin.
E.
Biseptol.
Influenza virus
177.
During the outbreak of acute respiratory infection express-diagnostics method is used for
diagnosing the flu. The method is based on detecting a specific virus antigen in the researched
material (nasopharynx swab). Which serological reaction is used for this purpose?
A.
*IFA.
B.
Complement fixation.
C.
Agglutinations.
D.
Precipitation.
E.
Opsonization.
A virological laboratory obtained pathological material (mucous discharges from nasal
meatuses) taken from a patient with provisional diagnosis "influenza". What quick test will allow
to reveal specific viral antigen in the material under examination?
A Direct and indirect immunofluorescence test
B Direct and indirect fluorescence immunoassay
C Hemagglutination inhibition assay
D Radioimmunoassay
E -
b-12 Material taken from a patient with provisional diagnosis "influenza" was referred to a
laboratory. For virological examination the hemadsorption reaction was applied. This reaction
can be applied for detection of the following viruses:
A Viruses containing hemagglutinins
B All the simple viruses
C All the complex viruses
D DNA-genomic viruses
E Any viruses
178.
Influenza virus contains internal antigens — nucleoprotein (NP), polymerase (PI, P2, P3),
matrix protein (M), and surface antigens — hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). Which of
them play the basic role in the creation of the immunity to influenza infection?
A.*Hemagglutinin and neuraminidase.
B.Nucleoprotein antigens.
C.Matrix protein.
D.Polymerase proteins.
E.Neuraminidase and nucleoprotein.
183.
A human corpse is sent to a department of morbid anatomy from an infectious hospital.
The preliminary diagnosis is influenza. What researches are the most rational for confirmation of
this diagnosis?
A.Antibodies detecting during complement fixation test.
B.Electron microscopic detecting of viruses.
C.Detecting intracellular inclusions using light microscopy.
D.Detecting high antibody titers during hemagglutination inhibition test.
E. *Isolation and serologic identification of virus.
184.
Infecting of chicken embryos is the basic method of influenza virus isolation. Before
introducing the researched material (nasopharyngial swab) into a chicken embryo a sample should
be preliminary decontaminated with:
A.Formalin.
B.Alcohol.
C.Eagle's solution.
D.*Streptomycin and penicillin.
E.Ether.
*05*06* 43.
There is a flu epidemic in a city. Which preparation could be recommended for
the nonspecific prevention of the disease?
A.*Remantadin.
B. Influenza vaccine.
C.Benzylpenicillin sodium salt.
D. Antigrippal immunoglobulin.
E. Antigrippal serum.
194.
At a neonatal unit the children's morbidity with respiratory virus infections caused by
different groups of viruses has sharply increased. To prevent the spread of infection it was
recommended to prescribe human leukocytic interferon. How should it be introduced?
A.Via inhalation.
B.Subcutaneously.
C.*Through nasal meatuses.
D.Orally.
E.Intramuscularly.
27.
A doctor in charge of immunization program makes the list of preparations to prevent a
season influenza epidemic. Which one of the following is the least allergenic and the most likely to
develop active specific immunity?
A.*Subunit vaccine.
B. Live vaccine.
C. Killed vaccine.
D.Donor γ-globulin.
E.α-interferon.
29.
For prevention of the seasonal high rate of influenza in educational institutions doctors
decided to carry out immunization of children and teenagers. Which preparation should be used for
this purpose?
A.
Interferon.
D.Oxolin.
B.
Normal human immunoglobulin.
C.
Remantadin.
E. Vaccine
*A chicken flu virus may cause mass infections among people in all countries of world. In this case
it is talking about:
Epidemic
*Pandemic
Epizootic
Superinfection
Reinfection
Parainfluenza virus
* A child complaints of sudden dry (“barking”) cough, rhinitis and increased temperature. A doctor,
which has been called to patient, suspects parainfluenza infection. Which result of laboratory assay
may confirm diagnosis of this patient?
Hemadsorbing agent revealing in cell culture inoculated with nasopharyngeal washing
*Antibody to parainfluenza virus detection in serum
Mouse death after infection with nasopharyngeal washing
Revealing of specific virions at electron microscopy
Formation of plaques under agar covering after infection of cell culture with nasopharyngeal
washing
Measles
* There were some cases of infection among children 2 weeks ago. Based onto clinical appearance
and epidemiological history a doctor suspected outbreak of measles. Which variant of laboratory
assay can confirm such suspicion?
*Rhinocytoscopy
Immunofluorescence test
Serology test
Chicken embryo infection
Allergy test
Mumps virus
180.
A 6-year-old boy has moderate rise of the body temperature and enlarged parotid glands.
From the patient's saliva a virus was isolated. This virus can replicate in chicken embryos and tissue
cultures, has hemagglutination properties, and causes symplasts formation in cells culture. Which
organ is the most likely to be affected with the infection caused by this virus?
A.*Sexual glands.
B.Liver.
C.Lungs.
D.Pharyngeal tonsils.
E.Brain.
Respiratory-syncitial virus
193.
During the microscopy of the cellular monolayer infected by the virus-containing material
from a patient a laboratory doctor has diagnosed a respiratory syncytial virus infection. What
changes are caused by this virus in cell culture?
A.*Symplasts formation.
D.Appearance of Negri bodies.
B.Cluster-shaped destruction of mo-nolayer.
C.Complete destruction of cellular monolayer.
E.Cells proliferation
*After examination of a child at second day of illness a doctor suspected respiratory-syncitial
infection. Which variant of laboratory assay may confirm diagnosis during first days of
hospitalization?
*Detection of RS-antigens in nasopharyngeal samples
Serology (4-fold rising of antibody titer)
Ig A detection in nasopharyngeal samples
Ig M detection in nasopharyngeal samples
High antibody titers to RS-antigens in patient serum
Rubella virus
* b-12 A pregnant woman was examined for some infections during registration in maternity
hospital. IgM antibody to rubella virus was detected into the serum. What does it indicate?
*Primary infection
Chronic process
A woman is healthy
Exacerbation of chronic process
Repeated infection with rubella virus
*A pregnant woman (first trimester of pregnancy), which had contact with rubella case, visited a
doctor. Which recommendation may be given by doctor?
Vitamines A,E
Immunoglobulins
Antibiotics
Vitamines
*Induced abortion
Other respiratory viruses
* A patient has headache, general weakness, cough, and fever. Clinical diagnosis ARVI is made.
Which from listed viruses can be cause of this infection?
The flu virus
Adenovirus
Respiratory-syncitial virus
Coronavirus
*Any of them
Hepatitis B virus
175.
High-sensitivity methods are used for checking the presence of virus hepatitis B antigens
in donors' blood. Which test should be used?
A.
*Solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. (ELISA)
D.
Complement fixation.
B.
Immunoelectrophoresis.
C.
Indirect hemagglutination.
E.
Indirect immunofluorescence.
196.
HBs-antigen has been revealed during enzyme immunoassay in serum. What infection
can be diagnosed by this antigen detecting?
A.
Syphilis.
B.Virus hepatitis A.
C.AIDS.
D.
Tuberculosis.
E.*Virus hepatitis B.
*At donor blood assay one from the markers of hepatitis B infection was revealed. What marker
detection does not allow to use this blood for hemotransfusion?
*HBs-antigen
HBc-antigen
HAV
Hbe-antibody
Hbe-antigen
b-12 The donor who for a long time didn't donate the blood was investigated with IFA method.
Anti-HBs antibodies were revealed. What does positive result of IFA in this case mean?
A Previous hepatitis B
B Acute hepatitis B
C Acute hepatitis C
D Chronic hepatitis В
E Chronic hepatitis С
*A man, 25-year-old, has fever and jaundice. There were not neither HBsAg nor antibody to HBsantigen in the blood assay asked by doctor. Which from additional test, most probably, may
confirm presence of hepatitis B infection?
*HBeAG
Antibody to HBeAg
Antibody to HBcAg
HBxAg
Delta-antigen
*2013* A patient M. complaining of fever, general weakness, and jaundice, was admitted to
infectious department. A doctor suspected hepatitis B infection based onto event, that patient had
hemotransfusion some months ago. What basic methods of laboratory diagnostics in case of
hepatitis B are?
A. *Serology and gene diagnostics
B. Isolation of a virus into cell culture and identification due to CPE
C. Virion detection in the blood at electron microscopy
D. Isolation of a virus into chicken embryo
E. Isolation of the virus in laboratory animals (neutralization test)
*06* 185.
The causative agent of hepatitis D (delta-agent) is a defective virus. It can
replicate only in cells already infected with one of the viruses. Which one is possible with?
A.
Human immunodeficiency.
B.Hepatitis A.
C.Hepatitis E.
D.Epstein-Barr.
E. *Hepatitis B.
191.
A patient with a very grave course of hepatitis B has been administered the examination
for detecting the possible concomitant agent, which complicates the course of the basic disease.
What agent is this?
A.*Delta-virus.
B.Hepatitis C virus.
C.Hepatitis G virus.
D.Hepatitis E virus.
E.HBs-antigen.
b-12 *01*, *02* 192.
During an operative intervention (surgery) a patient had blood
transfusion. In this blood the presence of the following causative agent should be checked:
A.*Hepatitis B virus.
B.Hepatitis A virus.
C.Hepatitis E virus.
D.Enteroviruses.
E.Adenoviruses.
*02* A patient with jandice has next result of laboratory assay: HBsAg -, HBeAg -, antiHBsG +,
anti HBsМ-, HСAg+. Which diagnosis is confirmed on the base of these data?
Hepatitis C
Chronic hepatitis B with low replicative activity
Repeated infection with hepatitis B
*Hepatitis C, last hepatitis B
Recurrence of hepatitis B
*03* During examination of a donor, which has not being given blood for a long time, antiHBsantibody was revealed with ELISA. What does positive result indicate in this case?
About chronic hepatitis C
About acute hepatitis C
About chronic hepatitis B
*about recovery after hepatitis B
About acute hepatitis B
Hepatitis A virus
76.
A patient with viral hepatitis A was admitted to an infectious hospital. What antibodies
will be synthesized first in response to this virus reproduc-tion?
A.
IgA.
B.IgG.
C.*IgM.
D. IgD.
E. IgE.
188.
In a settlement there is registered an outbreak of hepatitis associated with water factor.
What virus could induce this outbreak?
A.Hepatitis G.
B.Hepatitis C.
C.Hepatitis D.
D.*Hepatitis A.
E.Hepatitis B.
* A month after returning from summer camp a child was hospitalized into infectious department.
A doctor suspected hepatitis A infection based onto complaints. What is the most probable way of
hepatitis A infection in this case?
*Fecal-oral
Via contact
By inhalation of dust
transmissive (via vector)
Parenteral
*07* A outbreak of hepatitis has been registered in region, that is connected with water factor.
Which virus could cause this outbreak?
Hepatitis G virus
Hepatitis C virus
Hepatitis D virus
*Hepatitis A (E!) virus
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis E virus
*A person with general weakness, subfebrility, icteritious sclera and skin visited a hospital. It is
known from history, that he was at seaside and ate seafood without cooking 2 weeks ago. Which
markers detection allows confirming diagnosis “acute hepatitis E”?
*IgM anti-HEV
IgM anti-HAV
IgG anti-HEV
IgG anti-HAV
Poliovirus/enteroviruses
176.
From a patient with acute intestinal infection enterovirus was obtained. To detect the
serotype of the virus diagnostic sera were used. Which antibodies must the serums contain?
A.To proteins of supercapsid.
B.* To proteins of capsid.
C.To non-structural virus proteins.
D.To virus enzymes.
E. To virus hemagglutinin.
198.
For poliomyelitis serologic diagnostics paired serum samples of a patient are being
examined. What should be used as antigen during virus neutralization test?
A.
Antigens of virus capsid proteins.
B.
Viral complement-fixing antigens.
C.
Antigens inactivated by formalin.
D.
Antigens-hemagglutinins.
E.
*Live viruses.
* A patient M., after returning from India, was suspected as ill with poliomyelitis. What
investigations should be done for confirmation of diagnosis?
*Virus isolation from feces and its identification; serology of paired patient’s sera
Indication of virus in feces with electron microscopy
Blood microscopy with wet mount and hanging drop smears
Investigation of lavage water of stomach with fluorescent antibody
Inoculation of feces into enriched media
181.
The first vaccination against poliomyelitis should be done at 3 month's age with the use
of Sabin vaccine. What class of immunoglobulins does not take part in postvaccinal immunity
formation in this case?
A. IgG.
B.*IgE.
C. IgA secretory.
D.IgM.
E. IgA serum.
For confirmation of diagnosis “Coxsackie B virus infection” a sample from patient H., 16-yearsold, was sent to laboratory. What should be used for virus isolation?
Endo medium
Blood agar
Chicken embrion
Meat-peptone broth
*Continuous cell lines (Hep-2, HeLa)
*08* b-12 A culture of monkey cells (Vero) and a group of sucklings mouse were infected with an
inoculum taken from a child with provisional diagnosis “enterovirus infection”. There was no
cytopathic effect on the cell culture, but suckling mouse died. What enteric viruses might have
caused disease of this child?
Coxsackie B
ECHO virus
*Coxsackie A
Unclassified enteric viruses 68-71
Polioviruses
*A 3-year-old child with severe diarrhea has been ill for 3 days. Viruses with two-layered capsid
and pseudo-envelope resemble to wheel with spikes have been revealed into feces with electron
microscopy. What type of viruses may it be?
*Rotavirus
Coxsackie virus
ECHO virus
Coronavirus
Reovirus
*2013* in our country, routine preventive vaccination against poliomyelitis involve using live
vaccine that is administered orally. What immunoglobulins are responsible for development of
local post-vaccination immunity in this case?
A. Ig E
B. Serum IgA
C. Secretory IgA
D. IgG
E. IgM
Rabies virus
187.
A patient has been bitten by a dog. The dog was caught, and it was established that the
animal is ill with rabies. What vaccine is to be used for specific prevention of rabies of this patient?
A.*Live.
B.Toxoid.
C.Chemical.
D.
Recombinant.
E.Synthetic.
152.
A patient with an avulsed wound of shin caused by a rabid animal bite was delivered to a
hospital. What vaccine is necessary to introduce for prevention of rabies development?
A.ADT vaccine.
B.APDT vaccine.
C. *Antirabic vaccine.
D.BCG.
E. TABTe.
195.
A hunter has referred for medical aid concerning the bites of hands by a wounded fox.
What basic aid should be given to him for the specific prevention of rabies?
A.Washing of the wound with soap solution.
B.Surgical treatment of the wound.
C.Introduction of antibiotics.
D.*Introduction of rabies vaccine.
E.Treatment of the wound with al-coholic iodine solution.
*02*,*03* b-12 A person bitten with wild dog reffered to surgical department. There are wide
avulsed wounds onto his face. Which therapeutic and prophylactic aid should be given to prevent
rabies?
A. Patient hospitalization and medical supervision
B. Injection of DPT vaccine immediately
C. Combined antibioticotherapy
D. Injection of human normal immunoglobulin
E. *to start immunization with antirabies vaccine
Infectious mononucleosis virus
190.
A student was hospitalized to an infectious department at the beginning of the disease.
Infectious mononucleosis was suspected. Which result confirmed the diagnosis of this student on
the day of hospitalization?
A.Detecting antibodies to cytomegalovirus.
B. Detecting IgM-antibodies to herpes simplex virus.
C.Detecting 4-time quantity increase of antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus.
D.Detecting of herpes simplex virus.
E.*Detecting IgM antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus.
Tick-born encephalitis
*04*08* b-12 A patient with clinical signs of encephalitis was delivered to the infectious disease
hospital. Anamnesis registers a tick bite. Hemagglutination-inhibition reaction helped to reveal
antibodies to causative agent of tick-borne encephalitis in the dilution 1:20 which is not diagnostic.
What actions should the doctor take after he had got such result?
To examine the same serum
To apply more sensitive reaction
To deny diagnosis of tick-borne encephalitis
*To repeat the examination with serum taken 10 days later
To repeat examination with another diagnosticum
*A doctor revealed symptoms of encephalitis in a child, 8-year-old. What is possible way of child
infection besides of tick bite?
*With milk taken from infected goats
Via direct contact with ill person
Alimentary way
By inhalation via dust
By inhalation via droplets
A patient with fever, sleepiness turned with insomnia, and meningeal signs was hospitalized to
clinic. From anamnesis it is known he drank unboiled goat milk 2 weeks ago. A primary diagnosis
“tick-borne encephalitis” was made. Blood was taken for investigation and was injected into
suckling mouse. After 5 days animals have hind limb paralysis, respiratory failure and death. What
examination allows to make final diagnosis?
Virus isolation onto chicken embryo
*Neutralization test
Color test
Paired sera investigation with HA test
Bioprobe is enough for diagnosis
* A woman with clinical symptoms of encephalitis was consulted by infectious disease specialist. It
is known from anamnesis she extracted tick from a leg a week ago. What methods should be used
for isolation and identification of this virus?
*Infection of suckling mice, neutralization test, CFT, IHA test with chicken erythrocytes
Infection of guinea pigs, agglutination test with encephalitis diagnosticum, PHA test
Infection of chicken embryo, CFT, precipitation test, RIA
Infection of cell culture, CFT, neutralization test, HA test
PCR, CFT, precipitation test with antiviral antibody
Smallpox virus
b-12
The contents of vesicles that appeared on the mucous membrane of a patient with variola was
sent to a virological laboratory. Which of the listed changes were revealed during the smear
microscopy?
A Paschen bodies
B Babes-Negri bodies
C Guarnieri bodies
D Babes-Ernst bodies
E Syncytium
Prions
*A man, 65-year-old, is developed with progressive dementia with ataxy and sonmia, that allows to
suspect Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease. Which infectious agent causes this disease?
Bacteria
Viruses
Viroid
Plasmids
*Prion