Download 7th human body system unit exam review ppt Human Body

th
7
grade
human body system
review
Human Body Systems Learning Targets
• I can describe the components and functions of the digestive
system.
• I can describe the components and functions of the respiratory
system.
• I can describe the components and functions of the circulatory
system.
• I can describe the components and functions of the nervous
system.
• I can describe the components and functions of the excretory
system.
• I can describe the components and functions of the muscular
system.
• I can explain how these systems work together in the human
body.
The Digestive System
..\Human Body\Digestive
System\Digestive Body
3D.notebook
The Digestive System
Digestive system – breaks
down food, and absorbs
nutrients
Digestive System
Digestion
• Mechanical (M.D.) – physically breaking up
food into smaller particles
• Chemical (C.D.) – chemically breaking
apart food. Usually uses ENZYMES.
• Enzymes - are a protein/chemical that
helps the chemical reaction along.
Your Digestive System
Mouth: Begins digestion with both
chemical & mechanical digestion,
glands in the mouth produce saliva
(CD), and teeth break down food
(MD).
mouth
Your Digestive System
Esophagus: muscular tube that
connects throat to stomach. Moves
food down by squeezing (peristalsis)
esophagus
Your Digestive System
Stomach: muscular bag where chemical and
mechanical digestion continue; food stays
here about 4 hours, changes to chyme.
stomach
Your Digestive System
Small Intestine: a tube nearly 7 meters long where
digestive juices from the liver and pancreas are
added; then villi absorbs nutrients from chyme. Most
digestion and absorption of food occurs in the small
intestine.
Small Intestine
Your Digestive System
Pancreas: a small organ that produces
enzymes and hormones that help break
down food. It also produces insulin to
regulate the body's glucose or sugar level.
Food does not pass through the pancreas.
pancreas
Your Digestive System
Liver: produces bile, which breaks up
large particles of fats into smaller
particles. It also filters the blood to
get rid of toxins. Food does not pass
through the liver.
liver
Your Digestive System
Gall Bladder: small sac that stores bile
produced by liver
Gall bladder
Your Digestive System
Large Intestine: absorbs water from
undigested food, where unabsorbed
materials become more solid
large
intestine
Your Digestive System
Rectum and anus: Where solid waste is
stored in the rectum until the
muscles release the waste through
the anus
rectum
Digestive System Diagram
mouth
esophagus
liver
stomach
gall bladder
small intestine
large intestine
rectum
Respiratory System Brainpop
The Respiratory
System
Respiratory System - process
of inhaling oxygen and exhaling
carbon dioxide
Bringing fresh air in; letting stale air
out
STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
Nasal Cavity
o Beginning of
the
Respiratory
Tract
o Moistens and
warms air;
o Mucus & cilia
help trap dust
and debris
STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
Trachea
o Air passes through about 12 cm tube
with C-shaped rings of cartilage;
commonly known as the windpipe
STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
Lungs
o Spongy, sac-like organs for
exchanging oxygen and carbon
dioxide
STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
Bronchi
o two branches off of the trachea that
carry air into lungs
STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
Bronchioles
o Smaller branches of the bronchi
STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
Alveoli
o Tiny, thin-walled sacs; in clusters;
surrounded by capillaries where gas
exchange happens
STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
Diaphragm
o Muscle separating the chest cavity
from the intestines/gut.
Respiratory System Diagram
Nasal cavity
larynx
trachea
bronchi
bronchioles
diaphragm
alveoli
The Circulatory System Brainpop
The Circulatory System
• The circulatory
system transports
oxygen and
nutrients around
your body and helps
get rid of Carbon
Dioxide and wastes
What organs, or parts, make up your
circulatory system?
•
•
•
•
•
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Heart
Blood
Types Of Blood Vessels
Arteries
Moves oxygen-rich blood away from
heart
Have thick & elastic walls, made of
smooth muscles.
Are connected to ventricles in the
heart.
Types Of Blood Vessels
Veins
Moves oxygen-poor blood towards the
heart
Have one-way valves
Carries oxygen-poor blood with waste
materials
Types Of Blood Vessels
Capillaries
Are microscopic blood vessels.
Connect arteries to veins.
Their walls are only one cell thick!
Nutrients and oxygen flow to body
cells through capillary walls.
Blood Vessels Clip
Blood
Has 4 Jobs to Do:
Four Functions of Blood:
1) Carries oxygen to cells
and removes carbon
dioxide from all body cells
Four Functions of
Blood:
2) Carries waste products
from cell activity to be
removed by kidneys
Four Functions of Blood:
3) Transports
nutrients from the
digestive system
to all cells.
Four Functions of
Blood:
4) Carries
materials that
fight infections
and heal
wounds.
Heart- a human heart has four
chambers
2 Atria
Atria
Ventricle
and
2 Ventricles
Atria
Ventricle
Left atrium & left ventricle
*always hold oxygen-rich blood
Right atrium & right ventricle
*always hold oxygen-poor blood
Other Heart Parts to Know:
Aorta: delivers
oxygen-rich
blood from
left ventricle
to the rest of
the body
Other Heart Parts to Know:
Pulmonary artery: delivers oxygen-poor
blood from right ventricle to lungs
Other Heart Parts to Know:
Pulmonary vein:
delivers oxygenrich blood from
lung into left
atria
Circulation
There are 3 kinds of circulation in your body:
PULMONARY Circulation:
the flow of blood through heart, lungs,
and back to the heart again.
Circulation
There are 3 kinds of circulation in your body:
SYSTEMIC Circulation:
Moves oxygen-rich blood to organs
and body tissues and back to the
heart again.
Circulation
There are 3 kinds of circulation in your body:
CORONARY
Circulation:
the flow of
blood to heart
tissues.
Muscular System
Muscular System
• The muscular system consists of skeletal,
smooth and cardiac muscles.
• It permits movement of the body, maintains
posture, and circulates blood throughout
the body.
Excretory System
• The excretory system is in charge of getting rid
of bodily wastes and excess water.
• There are several parts of the body that are
involved in this process, such as sweat glands,
the liver, the lungs and the kidney system.
Urinary System
• Kidneys - The main job of the kidneys
is to filter wastes and extra water out
of your blood to make urine
Ureter
• A tube that carries urine from the
kidney to the urinary bladder
Urethra
• A tube that carries urine from the
bladder to the outside of the body.
Bladder
• The urinary bladder is a hollow elastic
organ that functions as the body's urine
storage tank.
Nervous System
• The nervous system is
made up of the brain,
the spinal cord, the
nerves, and the sense
organs, such as the eye
and ear.