* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download PDF - Chemistry - University of Canterbury
Biochemistry wikipedia , lookup
Freshwater environmental quality parameters wikipedia , lookup
Bioorthogonal chemistry wikipedia , lookup
Drug discovery wikipedia , lookup
Nanochemistry wikipedia , lookup
Click chemistry wikipedia , lookup
Process chemistry wikipedia , lookup
American Chemical Society wikipedia , lookup
Ellen Swallow Richards wikipedia , lookup
Organic chemistry wikipedia , lookup
History of chemistry wikipedia , lookup
California Green Chemistry Initiative wikipedia , lookup
Nuclear chemistry wikipedia , lookup
Computational chemistry wikipedia , lookup
Physical organic chemistry wikipedia , lookup
Inorganic chemistry wikipedia , lookup
Analytical chemistry wikipedia , lookup
Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 React. Science Te Rāngai Pūtaiao While every effort has been taken to ensure the information in this Chemistry Handbook is accurate and up to date, the contents are periodically subject to change and review. The University of Canterbury makes no guarantees as to the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. For formal course regulations and prescriptions, please see www.canterbury.ac.nz/regulations or the University Calendar. Published February 2016 Contents 3 Welcome to the Department of Chemistry 4 What is Chemistry? 5 Careers in Chemistry Profiles 6 An Undergraduate Degree in Chemistry 7 Chemistry Streams _ Organic Chemistry 8 Medicinal Chemistry and Biological Chemistry 9 Inorganic Chemistry 10 Analytical and Environmental Chemistry 11 Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics 12 Chemical Physics and Nanotechnology 13Biochemistry 14 Chemistry Honours Programme 16 Research and Postgraduate Studies 17 100–Level Courses 18 200–Level Courses 19 300–Level Courses 20 400–Level Courses 21 Course Advice and Entry Requirements 22 Facilities and Frequently Asked Questions 23 Chemistry Degree Structure 24 Plan Your Own Degree 25Notes Welcome to the Department of Chemistry Chemistry is one of the oldest fundamental sciences. In medieval times it was a mystical subject, one associated with deadly poisons, fire and explosions, and the promises of fabulous wealth or immortality, as Alchemists searched for ways to turn base metal into gold or for the ‘elixir of life’. Back then it truly was the science of murder, magic and medicine. Chemistry has come a long way over the last two thousand years, and now underpins almost every aspect of our daily lives. Its breadth is enormous, stretching all the way from Physics and Engineering, via Materials Science, to Biology and Medicine. Chemistry is, of course, the science of molecules, and being able to understand processes at the molecular level is essential in today’s world. Nowadays Chemists devise and make new drugs to treat disease; they design materials that are stronger than anything previously known; they create particles so small – nanoparticles – that they behave in ways that mediaeval Alchemists would have wondered at. Chemists understand the workings of the cells in our bodies at the molecular level, they work with doctors to understand the basis of diseases, and they design and synthesize new drug molecules to treat them. They investigate the effects that we are having on our fragile environment, and they are also intimately involved in trying to reduce the environmental impact of mankind by answering a multitude of questions; why do certain chemicals released into the atmosphere deplete the ozone layer; why is carbon dioxide in the upper atmosphere warming the earth; how can we make plastics that biodegrade; how can we create more efficient solar cells? The Department of Chemistry at Canterbury is a focus for world-leading science. It houses some of the world’s top chemists and, through its worldwide networks, it influences the development of the chemical sciences globally. The research interests of the Department are incredibly broad, ranging from studies of the complex chemistry occurring at the interfaces between solids, liquids and gases, and the implications of these processes for climate change, through the synthesis of new biologically active molecules to treat diseases and the creation of new materials and more efficient catalysts, to the design of huge molecular structures that are able to trap, or ‘sense’ metals. We attract the world’s top chemists to work with us – indeed just a few years ago Professor Bob Grubb’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry was announced while he was visiting our Department, and in 2011 he visited us again in order to interact with both our researchers and our undergraduate students. Research and teaching are inextricably linked, and we pride ourselves in taking our research ideas and enthusiasm into the classroom. Nothing quite beats being taught by the people who discovered some of the things they are teaching! We pride ourselves on being excellent teachers, and this has been recognised by others through the numerous teaching awards, medals and prizes that have been earned by our staff. With regard to thinking what to do after University, then Chemistry can be a career in its own right. Chemists are employed in a multitude of places including the pharmaceutical industry, industry and manufacturing more generally, in government departments dealing with the environment, and in clinical laboratories. However not all Chemists wear white lab coats, and an increasing number are employed in advisory roles and end up either at the top of industry, or in government departments in key decision-making positions. If you choose to study Chemistry, you can study it as your major subject if you see Chemistry as your potential career, or as a minor subject if you want to understand Chemistry as part of a broader interest. The interface between Biology and Chemistry is the focus of some of the world’s most fascinating research, and is arguably having the greatest impact on our lives. This is Biochemistry – understanding how cells work at the molecular level. The Department of Chemistry at Canterbury works with the School of Biological Sciences to offer courses in Biochemistry that can lead to careers in the medical sciences. Undergraduate Course Advice The Director of Undergraduate Studies, Dr Andy Pratt, and the Head of Department, are available to advise you on the chemistry courses that are best suited to your degree. Please don’t hesitate to contact one of them if you have any questions about course options in chemistry. Dr Andy Pratt Director of Undergraduate Studies Phone: 03 364 2424 Email: [email protected] Postgraduate Course Advice The Director of Postgraduate Studies, Dr Sarah Masters, is available to advise you on all aspects of postgraduate study at Honours, Masters and PhD levels. Please do not hesitate to contact her if you have any queries about course options at postgraduate level as many combinations, including interdisciplinary, are available. Dr Sarah Masters Director of Postgraduate Studies Phone: 03 364 2456 Email: [email protected] Finally, whilst the earthquakes of 2010 and 2011 did cause some temporary disruption of the Department’s day-to-day operations, we have now completely recovered, and once again the Department of Chemistry is a vibrant community of research scientists who create a great place to work and study. If you want to know more about us just get in touch; we’d love to talk to you and, hopefully, welcome you into our Department in the near future. Professor Michael Reid Head of Department Phone: + 64 3 364 2548 Email: [email protected] Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 3 What is Chemistry? Career Opportunities New Zealand needs chemists in teaching, industry, health and research. New Zealand’s unique mix of primary and secondary industries provides a wide choice of careers in chemistry. Expanding industries in New Zealand, for example those related to new sources of energy and to the development of forestry and dairy resources, are further increasing the demand for qualified chemists. Chemistry is intimately entwined in our lives. Reflect for a moment on the things you have done and seen today and how chemistry has been involved: the food you have eaten, the clothes you wear, the materials (plastics, metals, ceramics etc) you have used. We can enjoy life without knowing any chemistry, but knowledge of chemistry brings to us a different appreciation of the wonders of the world; it also provides a means of making the world a better place through new materials, medicines, technologies and understanding. Chemistry is one of the physical sciences, along with physics, geology, and astronomy. Closely related, but in a somewhat different category, are the biological sciences, such as biochemistry, biotechnology, ecology and genetics. There is no sharp distinction between the physical and biological sciences, indeed they often overlap with each other – for example, chemical reactions are the basis of life itself. All of the sciences overlap extensively with chemistry; they depend upon it and, in large measure, are based upon it. A person cannot go very far in any science without some knowledge of chemistry. Chemistry is the study of the properties of substances and the reactions by which one substance can be converted into another. Every day we utilise 4 Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 The wide range of skills provided by a university degree in chemistry also opens up a variety of career opportunities outside chemistry. Studying chemistry develops skills in handling information, problem-solving and dealing with abstract concepts. These qualities are sought by many different types of employers. products developed by experimental chemists: paints, plastics, fabrics, synthetic petrol, dyes and drugs, to name but a few. For example: • The penicillins produced by fungi in the soil have been improved by chemists to provide powerful antibiotics • Rubber from the sap of the rubber tree has been improved by a chemical process called vulcanisation. A molecular understanding of this process led to the development of synthetic rubber • The limitless range of plastics, produced by chemists, demonstrate that we no longer have to manage with only the materials the natural world provides • The chemistry of silicon, and related elements, have been developed to provide semiconductor materials for computer chips, LED lights and lasers • The chemical synthesis of DNA is a major tool in biotechnology and genome projects and essential for DNA fingerprinting. Why Study Chemistry? It is important to study chemistry because it provides insights into how the world is put together at an atomic and molecular level. In addition, the study of chemistry will help you to develop the ability to think logically and analytically, as well as become computer literate. These skills are important in all areas of modern life and are the reason why studying chemistry doesn’t limit you to jobs that require detailed chemical knowledge. Chemistry trains you to be good at handling information (be it numerical, written or graphical), to deal with complex concepts and to solve problems. Teaching A degree in chemistry is a good start to a teaching career with its emphasis on laboratory work and its relevance to other sciences. Chemistry teachers are currently in high demand; chemistry is often a target subject for TeachNZ scholarships. Industry Industry uses chemists in such areas as: • Research and development of new products • Monitoring product composition and quality • Environmental monitoring and regulation. Chemists are often needed to solve deficiencies in chemical processes. As noted above, chemists are skilled at handling information, which leads naturally into the areas of sales and management. A number of our graduates have successfully moved into these areas. Health Hospitals and other health services employ chemists in areas such as biochemical research, medical analysis and toxicology. Research The majority of chemical research in New Zealand is done in universities, the Crown Research Institutes (e.g. Crop & Food at Lincoln) and private laboratories (e.g. Canesis at Lincoln). These institutions provide chemical challenges equal to any in the world. Careers in Chemistry Profiles incidents of environmental pollution in the Hawke’s Bay Region. I would have to undertake investigations, trace back the source and may have to do some enforcement if necessary. I am now with the Northland Regional Council as a Monitoring Officer. This is similar to what I did at Hawke’s Bay and I managed to get this at the height of the recession within about two weeks of returning to New Zealand, mostly because of the critical and logical thinking that my chemistry degree taught me. Some really interesting things I have done in my jobs: fly a plane, four-wheel driving, monitoring of the Kaipara Harbour (which included playing with dolphins), presenting cases in court, CSIlike investigation for pollution and lots of travel around New Zealand. Why Science? After deciding on a change of career, I came to UC to complete a BSc in Biology before intending to complete a Masters in Forensics at Auckland University. However, life led me in a different direction where I completed both a BSc (Hons) and a PhD in Biochemistry at Canterbury. The supportive environment and enthusiastic staff at UC made it an easy choice to complete my graduate studies here. Do other opportunities exist during/after study? During my studies, I have managed to travel around the world attending conferences, have met a number of Nobel Prize winners and am a regular user of the x-ray crystallography and small angle x-ray scattering beamlines at the Australian Synchrotron in Melbourne. I am currently employed as a postdoctoral fellow based in the Chemistry Department at UC working for Prof Emily Parker. I started this job only a week after finishing my exams. Silver Fern Farms specifically wanted someone with a chemistry degree as they like to have a variety of backgrounds in their technical team. The technical side involved a lot of food safety auditing and one of the more interesting investigations I had to do related to the discolouration of a canned product, which was traced back to a Maillard Reaction. I was also the contact for all environmental issues in the North Island. This involved writing resource consent applications, investigating new technologies, determining the effectiveness of wastewater treatment and analysing and monitoring data. This job is best described as an “Environmental Police Officer”. I attended and cleaned up Where to from here? The options are almost limitless as I have found that a chemistry background in the environmental science field is very much sought after. From here, I would like to complete my MSc in Environmental Science this would allow me to move into management roles or my own consultancy. I have also been accepted into Volunteer Services Overseas (VSO) and I am waiting for a placement to spread my skills and education to some third world country that needs it. Eva Harris PGDipSci in Chemistry Compliance Officer, Hawke’s Bay Regional Council, Napier What do I do? My research focuses on enzymes, in particular, the determination of the regulatory control in an enzyme which is essential to bacterial metabolism. This involves both structural and functional characterisation of the enzyme and genetically modified variants. What does that actually mean? For me, it means getting up every morning to go to a job I love and the bonus is that I now get paid for doing it. Life’s challenges? Although it’s sometimes difficult to find the thing that excites, inspires and motivates you, once you’ve found it, you’re most of the way there. For me, it’s Biochemistry! Penel Cross PhD in Biochemistry Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 5 An Undergraduate Degree in Chemistry Paths of Study in Chemistry BSc in Chemistry The teaching of chemistry at UC is based around four core chemistry streams. • Organic chemistry (page 6) • Inorganic chemistry (page 8) • Analytical & environmental chemistry (page 9) • Physical chemistry (page 10) A general chemistry degree usually involves combining three of these streams. A university degree in chemistry will provide you with chemical knowledge and will encourage you to apply basic principles to the solving of problems. You should therefore, try to include in your degree as broad a range of chemistry and related subjects as you can. 100–level At 100–level there are two courses: CHEM 111 and CHEM 112, which are appropriate for students with a background in Year 13 Chemistry. A further course, CHEM 114, is intended for students with a weaker background in chemistry and leads into the core papers. Students with fewer than 14 credits of NCEA Level 3 Chemistry (or equivalent) will need to do CHEM 114 before attempting CHEM 111 or CHEM 112. If you are concerned about your level of preparedness, please contact the Director of Undergraduate Studies, Andy Pratt. Also, see page 20 for entry requirements and alternatives. 200 and 300–level At 200–level students majoring in chemistry will take the core papers, CHEM 211 and 212, a laboratory course, CHEM 281 or BCHM 281, and at least two of the three Semester 2 papers. Many take all three. At 300–level students typically continue with two or three of the chemistry streams. The lecture courses of the different streams are complemented by laboratory courses, which provide practical training for chemists as well as for scientists in other fields who may benefit from obtaining these skills. Students often combine chemistry with other areas of science to provide an interdisciplinary undergraduate education (see further on this page). Variations on Core Chemistry Many students undertake a chemistry-based degree that is directed to either biological or physical aspects of the subject. Biology-oriented Chemistry Degrees: Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry A chemistry degree at UC can be readily adapted to focus on biological aspects of chemistry. Students with strong biological interests generally base their degree around the organic stream of study described on page 6 and then customize this through their choice of complementary courses. One possibility is to pursue a biochemistry degree and the path of study for this is outlined on page 12. At UC there is a particular strength in medicinal chemistry and page 7 outlines the way in which the organic stream can be used as the core of a degree in medicinal chemistry. Physics-oriented Chemistry Degrees: Chemical Physics, Nanotechnology Students interested in the physical aspects of chemistry may either pursue a generic chemistry degree including physical chemistry (page 10) or a specifically tailored programme in chemical physics and nanotechnology (page 11). Chemistry as a Complement to Other Studies The central role of chemistry in science means that many people choose to take chemistry courses because they are an important support to their other studies such as biochemistry, biology, earth sciences, engineering, environmental science, forestry, geology, health sciences or physics. The Department of Chemistry offers a variety of courses to cater for all types of professional development and the CHEM 281 laboratory course is particularly relevant to students majoring in environmental studies, because of its coverage of analytical techniques . The individual chemistry streams on pages 6–12 give an indication of the way in which the different strands of chemistry interface with other sciences as well as with the other areas of chemistry. Chemistry is an important component of studies in: agriculture; biochemistry; biology; biotechnology; consumer and applied sciences; engineering; environmental science; forensic science; forestry; horticulture; human nutrition; law; materials science; medicine; nanotechnology; optometry; pharmacy; nuclear chemistry; veterinary science and many others. Degree programmes at UC that include 100–level courses in chemistry are highlighted in the table. Degree 111 112 114 Biology Biochemistry or Honours Chemistry Degree Students with a strong background in chemistry may be eligible for direct entry into the 200–level courses, thereby providing a route to a high level degree in a shortened time period. (See pages 13–14.) 6 Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 CHEM Course Engineering Forestry Chemistry Streams–Organic Chemistry Organic chemistry provides an understanding of the molecular basis of life and much of modern technology. Take this stream if you are interested in: • The molecules of life • Medicinal chemistry • Drug discovery • Biotechnology • Nanotechnology • Plastics and modern materials • Agricultural chemistry • Forensic science • Environmental science. Organic chemistry is the study of the properties, reactions and synthesis of carbon-containing compounds. Organic compounds are fundamentally important to all living organisms and hence, an understanding of organic chemistry is crucial to anyone who aspires to understand life sciences at a fundamental level. They are also technologically very important in modern society as fuels, plastics and drugs and in many other applications. Year 1 Essential CHEM 111 Chemical Principles and Processes CHEM 112 Structure and Reactivity Recommended CHEM 114 Foundations of Chemistry (this is an alternative entry point for students with a weaker background in chemistry) MATH 101 Methods of Mathematics Complementary BIOL 111 Cellular Biology and Biochemistry BIOL 113 Diversity of Life Year 2 Essential CHEM 211 Molecules CHEM 212 Chemical Reactivity (equiv BCHM 212) CHEM 242 Organic Chemistry (equiv BCHM 206) And either: CHEM 281 Practical Chemistry; OR BCHM 281 Practical Biochemistry Plus one of: CHEM 241 Inorganic Chemistry CHEM 243 Molecules and Reactions Organic chemistry involves aspects of reaction chemistry, kinetics, photochemistry, polymer chemistry, synthesis, structural chemistry, medicinal chemistry and natural products. Recommended Career paths Complementary Organic chemistry provides a foundation for jobs in medicinal science; biochemistry; biotechnology; agricultural science; environmental science; nanotechnology; forensic science and teaching. Organic chemistry is an important path to postgraduate study and research (see page 15). Other course from: CHEM 241 Inorganic Chemistry; OR CHEM 243 Molecules and Reactions BCHM 221 Biochemistry A BCHM 222 Biochemistry B BCHM 202 Molecular Genetics (equiv BIOL 231) BCHM 253 Cell Biology 1 ‘I enjoy the challenges and variety within my position – instrumentation, research, lecturing and project supervision.’ Marie Squire Completed a PhD in Chemistry (Protein Drug Delivery Systems) Year 3 Essential CHEM 322 Organic Chemistry CHEM 381 Advanced Synthetic Techniques Recommended At least 30 points from other CHEM-300 courses: CHEM 321 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry: From Structure to Function CHEM 324 Analytical and Environmental Chemistry CHEM 325 Biological Chemistry CHEM 333 Materials and Interactions CHEM 343 Advances in Chemical Technology CHEM 382 Instrumental Methods Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 7 Medicinal Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Medicinal chemistry is the basis of pharmaceutical discovery and development. Take this path of study if you are interested in: • Medical research • Drug discovery • Drug design • Health research • Enzymes • Toxicology. Medicinal chemistry, like other areas of biological chemistry, combines aspects of chemistry and biology. At UC there is a particular strength in this area of chemistry. Research at UC has lead to drug discoveries which are undergoing clinical trials. The courses for these areas are taught in collaboration with the School of Biological Sciences. For medicinal chemistry students it is important to consider both biology and chemistry courses in addition to the biological chemistry core outlined below when designing your degree. The following key areas, related to medicinal chemistry are studied at UC: intermediary metabolism; free radical biochemistry; molecular biology; enzyme catalysis; enzyme inhibition and drug design; natural products chemistry and drug discovery. A closely related option to medicinal chemistry is to major in biochemistry (see page 11). Career paths Medicinal chemistry provides a background for careers in pharmaceutical research; drug discovery; health professions; forensic science; biotechnology; proteomics. Medicinal chemistry is an important avenue to postgraduate study and research (see page 15). Year 1 Essential BIOL 111 Cellular Biology and Biochemistry CHEM 111 Chemical Prinicples and Processes CHEM 112 Structure and Reactivity Recommended CHEM 114 Foundations of Chemistry (this is an alternative entry point for students with a weaker background in chemistry) BIOL 113 Diversity of Life BIOL 116 Human Biology MATH 101 Methods of Mathematics Year 2 Essential CHEM 211 Molecules CHEM 212 Chemical Reactivity (equiv BCHM 212) CHEM 242 Organic Chemistry (equiv BCHM 206) And either: CHEM 281 Practical Chemistry; OR BCHM 281 Practical Biochemistry Plus at least one of: CHEM 241 Inorganic Chemistry CHEM 243 Molecules and Reactions And: BCHM 221 Biochemistry A BCHM 222 Biochemistry B Recommended Other course from: BCHM 202 Molecular Genetics (equiv BIOL 231) BCHM 253 Cell Biology 1 (equiv BIOL 253) CHEM 241 or CHEM 243 Year 3 Essential CHEM 322 Organic Chemistry BCHM 301 Biochemistry 3 (equiv BIOL 331) CHEM 325 Biological Chemistry (equiv BCHM 302) Recommended CHEM 321 Advanced Inorganic Chemistr) CHEM 381 Advanced Synthetic Techniques BCHM 381 Biochemical Techniques (a lab course is required for those intending to study biochemistry to 4th year or beyond) BIOL 333 Molecular Genetics BIOL 313 Advanced Microbiology 2 8 Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 ‘My group’s work is centred on producing useful materials and molecules. Principles of supramolecular chemistry and crystal engineering are used to design in function.’ Christopher Richardson Completed a PhD in Chemistry Currently at University of Wollongong, Australia Inorganic Chemistry Inorganic compounds are important as materials, catalysts, metal alloys, geochemicals and biochemicals. Take this stream if you are interested in: • Industrial chemistry • Catalysis • Nanotechnology • Materials science • Materials engineering • Biological materials • Geology • Geochemistry. Inorganic compounds (based on elements other than carbon) are important to living organisms, most obviously as bones and teeth, but also as components of important cellular constituents to cells, such as neurotransmitters, enzymes and hormones. They are used in building materials, catalysts, metal alloys and many other modern applications. Inorganic chemistry involves aspects of reaction chemistry, kinetics, photochemistry, synthesis, structural chemistry, spectroscopy and electrochemistry. Career paths Inorganic chemistry provides a foundation for jobs in environmental science; nanotechnology; industrial chemistry; geochemistry; materials science; teaching; biochemistry. Inorganic chemistry is an important pathway to postgraduate study and research (see page 15). Year 1 Essential CHEM 111 Chemical Priniciples and Processes CHEM 112 Structures and Reactivity Recommended CHEM 114 Foundations of Chemistry. (This is an alternative entry point for students with a weaker background in chemistry) At least 60 points from other science subjects, particularly MATH, STAT, PHYS, BIOL, e.g. GEOL 111 Planet Earth: An Introduction to Geology MATH 101 Methods of Mathematics Year 2 Essential CHEM 211 Molecules CHEM 212 Chemical Reactivity (equiv BCHM 212) CHEM 241 Inorganic Chemistry And either: CHEM 281 Practical Chemistry; OR BCHM 281 Practical Biochemistry Plus one of: CHEM 242 Organic Chemistry (equiv BCHM 206) CHEM 243 Molecules and Reactions Recommended Other course from: CHEM 242 Organic Chemistry; OR CHEM 243 Molecules and Reactions ‘I am currently working with groups on a wide range of application areas for Izon technology, from virology to drug delivery carriers.’ Complementary GEOL 242 Rocks, Minerals and Ores Year 3 Essential Sam Yu Completed a PhD in Inorganic Chemistry Currently working at IZON Science CHEM 321 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry CHEM 381 Advanced Synthetic Techniques At least 15 points from: CHEM 321-325, 382. Recommended CHEM 322 Organic Chemistry CHEM 324 Analytical and Environmental Chemistry CHEM 333 Materials and Interactions CHEM 343 Advances in Chemical Technology CHEM 382 Instrumental Methods Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 9 Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Analytical chemists identify the chemicals present, and how much of each chemical there is in a sample or in the environment. These are essential skills for many ‘real-world’ chemical applications. Take this stream if you are interested in: • Environmental science • Medical diagnostics • Forensic science • Toxicology • Sustainable processes • Industrial chemistry. Analytical chemistry is the science of measurements in chemical systems. It involves the application of physical principles to identify and quantify chemicals. It is problem-driven, with applications typically in real systems with complex matrices (e.g. sea water, blood, soil, plant material, biological tissue). Analytical chemistry embraces aspects of environmental, organic, inorganic and physical chemistry. As an alternative to a full major in Chemistry, students in the Environmental Sciences may wish to consider: CHEM 281 Practical Chemistry Semester 1 15 points Prerequisites: Either (1) CHEM111 or (2) CHEM 112 Which covers the skills and techniques in analytical chemistry that are particularly relevant to applicants of the environmental sciences. Career paths Analytical and environmental chemistry graduates are equipped for many types of employment including environmental testing; health diagnostics; testing raw materials and products of the food and manufacturing industries (e.g. foodstuffs, steel, non-ferrous alloys, plastics); teaching. Analytical and environmental chemistry is an important path to postgraduate study and research (see page 15). 10 Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 Year 1 Essential CHEM 111 Chemical Principles and Processes CHEM 112 Structure and Reactivity Recommended CHEM 114 Foundations of Chemistry (alternative entry point for students with a weaker background in chemistry) At least 60 points from other science subjects; MATH, STAT, GEOL, PHYS, BIOL, eg: GEOG 106 Global Environmental Change PHYS 111 Physics for the Physical Sciences and Engineering MATH 101 Methods of Mathematics Year 2 Essential CHEM 211 Molecules CHEM 212 Chemical Reactivity (equiv BCHM 212) Complementary ‘I am studying the fate and behaviour of endocrine disrupting compounds in NZ and Antarctic marine ecosystems.’ BIOL 209 Introduction to Biological Data Analysis GEOG 206 Resource and Environmental Management STAT 201 Applied Statistics WATR 201 Freshwater Resources Philipp Emnet Completed a PhD in Physical Chemistry And either: CHEM 281 Practical Chemistry; OR BCHM 281 Practical Biochemistry Plus two of: CHEM 241 Inorganic Chemistry CHEM 242 Organic Chemistry (equiv BCHM 206) CHEM 243 Molecules and Reactions Year 3 Essential CHEM 324 Analytical and Environmental Chemistry CHEM 382 Instrumental Methods At least 15 points from: CHEM 321-381 Recommended CHEM 321 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry CHEM 322 Organic Chemistry CHEM 333 Materials and Interactions CHEM 343 Advances in Chemical Technology CHEM 381 Advanced Synthetic Techniques Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics Physical chemistry covers the fundamental physical properties of chemicals and their reactions. Take this stream if you are interested in: • Industrial chemistry • Chemical engineering • Nanotechnology • Modern materials • Atmospheric chemistry • Environmental science • Catalysis • Fundamentals of biological processes. Physical Chemistry is the study of the physical principles that underpin the properties of substances and the processes of chemical reactions. It is the area of chemistry most closely related with physics. The experimental aspects of physical chemistry involve precise and accurate measurements of properties, energy changes and rates of change. These data are interpreted in the framework of mathematical models. The sub-branches of physical chemistry include thermodynamics, kinetics, photochemistry, spectroscopy, polymer chemistry, surface chemistry, electrochemistry and quantum chemistry. Career paths Physical chemistry provides a foundation for jobs in materials science; environmental science; atmospheric chemistry; nanotechnology; industrial chemistry; computation; teaching. Physical chemistry is an important path to postgraduate study and research (see page 15) Year 1 Essential CHEM 111 Chemical Principles and Processes CHEM 112 Structure and Reactivity Recommended At least 60 points from other science-related subjects, particularly PHYS, MATH and or STAT. Year 2 Essential CHEM 211 Molecules CHEM 212 Chemical Reactivity (equiv BCHM 212) CHEM 243 Molecules and Reactions And either: CHEM 281 Practical Chemistry; OR BCHM 281 Practical Biochemistry Plus one of: CHEM 241 Inorganic Chemistry CHEM 242 Organic Chemistry (equiv BCHM 206) Recommended Other course from: CHEM 241 Inorganic Chemistry; OR CHEM 242 Organic Chemistry At least 15 points from MATH and/or PHYS Year 3 Essential CHEM 333 Materials and Interactions CHEM 343 Advances in Chemical Technology CHEM 382 Instrumental Methods At least 15 points from: CHEM 321-381 Recommended ‘My research applies the beauty of physics to exciting “real life” chemistry problems, studying molecules at their most fundamental level.’ Ben Laws Thesis in Molecular Physics Currently studying at the Australian National University CHEM 321 Inorganic and Structural Chemistry CHEM 322 Organic Chemistry CHEM 324 Analytical and Environmental Chemistry CHEM 381 Advanced Synthetic Techniques Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 11 Chemical Physics and Nanotechnology Chemical physics provides the foundation for understanding the forces that control the behavior of atoms, molecules and materials on the nano-scale, so that they may be harnessed to design new materials for use in nextgeneration technological devices such as quantum computers and ultra-efficient solar cells. Year 1 Take this path of study if you are interested in: • Nanotechnology • Advanced materials • Atmospheric chemistry • Industrial chemistry and catalysis • Chemical engineering • Biophysical chemistry. CHEM 243 Molecules and Reactions PHYS 203 Relativistic and Quantum Physics PHYS 206 Electromagnetism and Materials The subject areas of chemical physics and nanotechnology are concerned with understanding, designing and developing materials with specific functional properties that make them useful in technological devices. The increasing miniaturization is forcing the required size of key components towards the nano-scale (1–100 nm) where the quantum properties of matter are revealed, and offer exciting new possibilities for invention. Nanotechnology is also very interdisciplinary, with engineers, physicists, chemists and biologists often teaming up to solve problems. Career paths Chemical physics provides a foundation for jobs in materials science, nanotechnology, computational modeling, industrial chemistry and processing, atmospheric chemistry, teaching. Chemical physics is also an important pathway to further postgraduate study and research (see page 15). 12 Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 Essential CHEM 111 Chemical Principles and Processes CHEM 112 Structure and Reactivity PHYS 101 Engineering Physics A: Mechanics, Waves and Thermal Physics PHYS 102 Engineering Physics B: Electromagnetism, Modern Physics and ‘How Things Work’ MATH 102 Mathematics 1A MATH 103 Mathematics 1B Year 2 Essential Essential for chemistry majors CHEM211Molecules CHEM212 Chemical Reactivity CHEM281 Practical Chemistry Plus one of: CHEM 241 Inorganic Chemistry CHEM 242 Organic Chemistry Essential for physics majors PHYS 203 PHYS 205 PHYS 206 PHYS 285 Relativistic and Quantum Physics Waves and mechanics Electromagnetism and Materials Technical & professional Skills Recommended: 15 additional points from 200–level MATH Year 3 Essential CHEM 333 Physical Chemistry: Materials and Interactions CHEM 343 Physical Chemistry: Advances in Chemical Technology CHEM 382 Instrumental Methods* PHYS 311 Quantum Mechanics PHYS 313 Advanced EM & Materials Essential for chemistry majors CHEM 381 Advanced Synthetic Techniques Plus one of: CHEM 321 Inorganic and Structural Chemistry CHEM 322 Organic Chemistry Essential for physics majors PHYS 310 Thermal, Statistical and Particle Physics PHYS 381 Advanced Experimental Physics and Astronomy Intending physics majors not doing CHEM 281 (prerequisite for CHEM 382) need to apply to the Director of Undergraduate Studies, Richard Hartshorn, to have the pre-requisite waived for this course in 2015. * Biochemistry Biochemistry is a “central science” spanning from chemistry to molecular biology. Take this stream if you are interested in: • The molecules of life • Molecular biology • Biotechnology • Agricultural chemistry • Forensic science • Environmental science. Biochemistry uses the techniques of chemistry, physics and molecular biology to probe the mysteries of biology. At UC, biochemistry courses are taught in collaboration between the Department of Chemistry and the School of Biological Sciences. Within the broad field of biochemistry, research interests at UC focus on the following key areas: • Studies of the integration of reactions in cells; how cells make and use energy; proteins; DNA & RNA; and cell control mechanisms; • Studies of molecular biology; gene expression and control; hormones and physiological phenomena; • The nature of enzyme-catalysed reactions; • Ultrastructure: studies of the coordination between the structure and function of cells, their organelles and their proteins; • Biopolymers: studies of the structure of proteins, DNA & RNA, cell walls, etc.; • Enzyme inhibition and drug design; • Drug discovery. Career paths A Biochemistry major can prepare you for diverse careers including work in: hospitals and medical fields; in the food and drink industry; in agriculture; biotechnology; teaching. There are many opportunities for postgraduate study and research in biochemistry (see page 15). Year 1 Year 3 Essential Essential BIOL 111 Cellular Biology and Biochemistry CHEM 112 Structure and Reactivity (with CHEM 114 if background weak)* BCHM 301 Biochemistry 3 (equiv BIOL 331) BCHM 302 Biological Chemistry (equiv CHEM 325) BCHM 381 Biochemical Techniques (for those intending to study to 4th year or beyond) Strongly Recommended CHEM 111 Chemical Principles and Processes* BIOL 112 Ecology, Evolution and Conservation BIOL 113 Diversity of Life * Students who have completed >13 credits in NCEA Level 3 Chemistry should enrol in CHEM 111 and CHEM 112. Those with weaker backgrounds should do CHEM 114 before CHEM 112. Recommended BIOL 330 Molecular Genetics BIOL 313 Microbiology 2 CHEM 322 Organic Chemistry CHEM 321 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry CHEM 381 Advanced Synthetic Techniques Year 2 Essential BCHM 221 Biochemistry A BCHM 222 Biochemistry B BCHM 202 Molecular Genetics (equiv BIOL 231) BCHM 212 Chemical Reactivity (equiv CHEM 212) And either: BCHM 281 Practical Biochemistry; OR CHEM 281 Practical Chemistry Recommended CHEM 211 Molecules BCHM 206 Organic Chemistry (equiv CHEM 242) BCHM 253 Cell Biology 1 (equiv BIOL 253) CHEM 241 Inorganic Chemistry BIOL 213 Microbiology and Genetics BIOL 271 Evolution Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 13 Chemistry Honours Programme Graduate Studies in Chemistry The University of Canterbury BSc(Hons) (Bachelor of Science with Honours) degree is a one-year, 400–level postgraduate course that can be taken as an advanced degree in its own right or as an accelerated route to a research degree. Entry into this degree is normally preceded by having qualified for the award of BSc with a high grade-point average, and it requires the approval of the Director of Postgraduate Studies. Canterbury BSc (Hons) graduates are highly regarded nationally and internationally, and many progress directly to PhD studies, either in New Zealand or overseas. They are in demand by employers of scientists and many eventually find themselves in academic or research positions in New Zealand or overseas. The programme normally requires the courses listed on page 14, but variations can be negotiated with the Director of Postgraduate Studies. The director of postgraduate studies, Sarah Masters, oversees the Chemistry Honours Programme and the PGDipSc, Masters and PhD Programmes. If you require any information on these Chemistry programmes, please contact Sarah directly via email: [email protected] If you wish to be considered for entry into this programme, or want more information, please contact the Director of Postgraduate Studies as early as possible in your university career. 400–level Honours Courses The BSc(Hons) in Chemistry involves a series of lecture modules focussing on advancedlevel chemistry, although variations can be negotiated with the Director of Postgraduate Studies. It also includes CHEM 480, an individual research project carried out under the guidance of a member of the academic staff. These projects are the students’ first exposure to real scientific research; they are a significant part 14 Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 of the Department’s research programme and the results are often published in high-impact international peer reviewed journals. On the basis of the results obtained in this year, the student is awarded a “class of Honours”. Those who are awarded a BSc(Hons) degree with first- or second-class Honours can proceed directly to PhD studies without having to complete an MSc qualification. Direct Entry Students with outstanding NCEA Level 3 results, or equivalent, may be permitted to enter directly into the BSc Programme at 200–level without having to complete 100–level Chemistry courses. In a period of two years, direct entry students are required to achieve a minimum 240 points after which they transfer directly to a BSc(Hons), which they can complete in three years, rather than four. To ensure that students are not disadvantaged by skipping the first year of university, the criteria for direct entry are stringent – a successful candidate must have a high level of attainment in NCEA Level 3 Chemistry and comparable achievement in related subjects such as Physics, Mathematics and Biology. Career paths The high level of intellectual development of an honours degree provides skills that are valuable to future careers, not just in chemistry, but also in a diverse range of intellectually-demanding jobs. These include but are not limited to: • • • • • • Medicinal science Atmospheric and environmental science Nanotechnology Computer modelling Science management Teaching It is usual for honours graduates intending to excel in chemistry-based jobs to undertake postgraduate study and research (see page 15). ‘My research involved studying the gaseous structure of molecules, with the aim of understanding their behavior in a wider context.’ Sandra Atkinson Completed a PhD in Chemistry Year 3 Essential CHEM 381 Advanced Synthetic Techniques; OR CHEM 382 Instrumental Methods Recommended CHEM 321 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry: From Structure to Function CHEM 322 Organic Chemistry CHEM 324 Analytical and Environmental Chemistry CHEM 325 Biological Chemistry CHEM 333 Materials and Interactions CHEM 343 Advances in Chemical Technology Year 4 (see page 19) CHEM 480 Research Project and all four of courses CHEM 421-424 (Note: With the approval of the Director of Postgraduate Studies, one of the courses CHEM 421-424 may be replaced by Honours 400–level courses from another subject with a total EFTS of at least the same value.) CHEM 421 Research Methods CHEM 422 Advanced Topics in Chemistry II CHEM 423 Advanced Topics in Chemistry III CHEM 424 Advanced Topics in Chemistry IV CHEM 480 Research Project For more information See www.chem.canterbury.ac.nz/for/ 400_level_courses or contact the Director of Postgraduate Studies: Contact: Sarah Masters Extn: 6456 Email: [email protected] Year 1 Year 2 Essential Essential CHEM 111 Chemical Principles and Processes CHEM 112 Structure and Reactivity Complementary CHEM 211 Molecules CHEM 212 Chemical Reactivity (equiv BCHM 212) CHEM 281 Practical Chemistry (equiv BCHM 281) CHEM 241 Inorganic Chemistry CHEM 242 Organic Chemistry CHEM 243 Molecules and Reactions MATH 102 Mathematics 1A MATH 103 Mathematics 1B Complementary Note: any 30 points of MATH and/or STAT is sufficient. Someone with good NCEA Mathematics can be exempt, please see the Director of Undergraduate Studies. BCHM 221 Biochemistry A BCHM 222 Biochemistry B BCHM 202 Molecular Genetics At least 60 points from other science subjects, particularly MATH, STAT, or PHYS Note: Students in the chemical physics and nanotechnology degree programme, require only the 100300 level courses outlined on Page 11 and are encouraged to take PHYS 411 and PHYS 412 in place of CHEM 422. BIOL 111 Cellular Biology and Biochemistry BIOL 113 Diversity of Life Note: students with a strong performance in NCEA Level 3 may be eligible for direct entry into second year, see page 13. Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 15 Research and Postgraduate Studies There are four options for studying PhD The PhD degree provides an opportunity to Chemistry beyond a Bachelor of a substantial research project. A Science Degree: BSc (Hons), Master undertake minimum of two years full-time research of Science (MSc), Postgraduate is required but typically the time taken to Diploma in Science (PGDipSc) and complete a PhD project is three to four years. The prerequisite for enrolment as a PhD candidate is a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD). BSc (Hons) BSc (Hons) is a one year postgraduate degree that is a valuable qualification in its own right and which provides for rapid entry into PhD and other research programmes. For more information see pages 13–14. MSc Students who complete a BSc degree in Chemistry may enrol for a MSc (Hons) degree with the permission of the Director of Postgraduate Studies. The first year, Part I, involves taking four 400–level courses (see page 19) and initiating a research project. The second year, Part II, consists entirely of completing the research project (CHEM 690) and the preparation of a thesis. To enrol in Part II, students must pass all papers in Part I with a grade average of at least C+. MSc (Hons) resembles the BSc (Hons) degree, but is spread over two years, with one year of dedicated research work. An alternative is to take an MSc degree (without Honours) by undertaking only the one year research project and thesis after completing a BSc (Hons) degree or a PGDipSc. PGDipSc The course requirements for the Postgraduate Diploma of Science in Chemistry are identical to those for Part I of the MSc (Hons) - fourth-year course work. The prerequisite for the PGDipSc is a BSc in Chemistry, but the approval of the Director of Postgraduate Studies is required for enrolment. It is also possible to credit the PGDipSc as Part I of an MSc (Hons) and to enrol subsequently for MSc Part II. University Entrance The research activity of a University Department reflects its vitality. The graduate research programme at Canterbury offers an exceptional opportunity to talented students who are preparing themselves for careers in Chemistry. Canterbury staff and research students are engaged in a variety of projects that cover areas of chemical research of international importance. There are programmes of fundamental research in inorganic, physical, theoretical and organic chemistry - for example, research into transition metal complexes; organic reaction mechanisms; and gas-phase kinetics. In addition there are research programmes in applied topics, e.g: • Fabrication of intricately patterned surfaces for high-tech applications and nano technology; • Analysis for trace pollutants in the environment; • Theoretical and computational chemistry; • The development of new drugs for diseases such as tuberculosis and the study of chemical biology; • Analysis of short lived species in the gas phase. The Department is well equipped with technology of an international standard. Nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, as well as laser and computer facilities, are available to all research staff and students. The library provides a central resource facility for research. Graduate training at Canterbury is aimed towards developing within each student the ability to do creative scientific research. The most important facet of the programme for a research student is his or her own original research project. Excellent grades in NCEA Chemistry or Scholarship BSc 100-level chemistry BSc (Hons) or MSc degree, normally with SecondClass Honours or better. The University offers PhD Scholarships to students with excellent FirstClass Honours degrees. These scholarships pay for fees and provide financial assistance for living expenses. The opportunities for research are plentiful and a research environment is encouraged by all staff, most of whom dedicate significant time to research and are committed to ensure that the standing of the Department is recognised in the international scientific community. 16 Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 Chemistry Pathways BSc 200-level chemistry BSc 300-level chemistry Diploma Masters Honors PGDipSc 400-level MSc Part 1 400-level Bsc(Hons) 400-level Masters MSc Part 2 thesis Doctorate PhD 3-4 years A Career in Chemistry Contact the Director of Postgraduate Studies Dr Sarah Masters at [email protected] or phone 03 364 2456. The Department website is a great way to access more information about the Chemistry research programme at UC, see www.chem.canterbury.ac.nz 100–Level Courses CHEM 111 and CHEM 112 are the key courses for students who have passed at least 14 credits of NCEA Level 3 Chemistry (or equivalent levels in other qualifications). Students without that background in Chemistry will have to complete an introductory course, CHEM 114, before attempting either CHEM 111 or CHEM 112. By passing both CHEM 111 and CHEM 112 you will keep open your options to advance in Chemistry, and these courses will also satisfy the Chemistry prerequisites for 200–level study in Biochemistry. For Biochemistry, the combination of CHEM 114 and CHEM 112 is also a suitable alternative for those with a weaker preparation in Chemistry (14 credits of NCEA Level 3 Chemistry), but we recommend that students consider also taking CHEM 111 (which is available in both Semester 1 and Semester 2). Each course consists of three lectures and a tutorial each week, as well as approximately eight three-hour practical laboratory-based sessions. CHEM 111 Chemical Principles and Processes Semester 1 or 2 15 points CHEM 111 provides a background in the fundamentals of atoms, molecules and chemical reactions. CHEM 111 is designed for students majoring in science or pursuing an engineering degree. This course deals with the energy changes associated with reactions (thermodynamics and equilibria), and the rate at which reactions take place (kinetics). These chemical principles are used to provide an understanding of the chemistry of gases (e.g. the chemistry of the atmosphere) and of solutions (e.g. aqueous chemistry). CHEM 112 Structure and Reactivity Semester 2 15 points CHEM 112 is taught in the second half of the year. Here the focus is on organic and inorganic chemistry: the structure of molecules; the way in which compounds can be interconverted; and the molecular details of how chemical reactions take place. Examples are drawn from naturally occurring and synthetic organic compounds, as well as the chemistry of transition metals. CHEM 114 Foundations of Chemistry Semester 1 15 points CHEM 114 is given in the first half of the year. It is a preparatory course for the biological sciences, forestry and others with an interest in chemistry. It provides an accessible entry point for students with a minimal preparation in chemistry. The course provides a background in the fundamentals of atoms, molecules and chemical reactions. Examples are drawn from naturally occurring and synthetic compounds. Direct Entry to 200–level Chemistry courses If you have done well in NCEA Level 3 Chemistry and Scholarship Chemistry examinations, then you should come and discuss your options, as you may be able to gain direct entry into our 200–level pre-honours programme and to complete an honours degree in only three years (contact the Department of Chemistry). A note on points: Each point in a University of Canterbury degree nominally entails 10 hrs of learning, includes lectures, laboratories, tutorials, assessments and unsupervised learning (homework). Eg: you can expect 15 points at 100–level to involve 36 hrs of lectures, 24–30 hrs of labs and tutorials and about 85 hrs of unsupervised learning. At higher levels, the amount of unsupervised learning is expected to increase as the student becomes more self-sufficient. A fulltime student should be doing about 120 ± 15 points per year. Engineering Intermediate Students Many programmes in the College of Engineering will require students to take CHEM 111 as part of the Engineering Intermediate Year. This course is offered in both Semester 1 (two streams) and Semester 2 (one stream). Students intending to take CHEM 112 as well (e.g. to be better prepared for Chemical and Process Engineering) should take CHEM 111 in Semester 1. If you have fewer than 14 credits of NCEA Level 3 Chemistry (or equivalent levels in other qualifications), you will have to complete an introductory course, CHEM 114 (before attempting CHEM 111), another appropriate preparatory course, or deliver a strong performance in the “Further Chemistry” Headstart course. Student Mentoring Dr Jan Wikaira is a senior lecturer in Chemistry. Jan is a mentor for students in first year Chemistry and is able to provide access to tutors for students who may require additional teaching. Jan recently received a University Teaching Award in recognition of outstanding teaching achievements. Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 17 200–Level Courses CHEM 242 Organic Chemistry Semester 2 15 points Prerequisite: CHEM 212 or BCHM 212 Equivalent: BCHM 206 Three lectures per week; six hours of tutorials during the semester. Content: This course provides an introduction to reaction mechanisms; synthesis and biosynthesis of organic compounds. This course can be a prerequisite for CHEM 325. CHEM 243 Molecules and Reactions Semester 2 15 points These courses provide introductions to the advanced treatment of the main branches of chemistry including analytical and environmental chemistry. The lecture and tutorial-based courses will be taken by a wide variety of students with an interest in chemistry. If you would like to major in chemistry you must also acquire practical chemistry skills; hence you must complete the laboratory-based course, CHEM 281, in addition to other chemistry courses. Non-chemistry students who would benefit from developing particular practical skills may also find CHEM 281 useful. There are two types of 200–level courses in Chemistry: i. Lecture and tutorial-based papers (CHEM 211-243); and ii.laboratory-based course (BCHM 281). Choice of courses Students who are pursuing an Honours degree in Chemistry will usually choose courses from CHEM 211-243. The Director of Undergraduate Studies is available to provide advice on course choices. What you need to get in Either CHEM 111 and/or CHEM 112 are the prerequisites for each of these courses. Students with outstanding Year 13 secondary school results may be admitted directly into 200–level Chemistry courses subject to the approval of the Director of Undergraduate Studies. CHEM 211 Molecules Semester 1 15 points Prerequisite: Either (1) CHEM211 or (2) CHEM 111 and PHYS 102. Prerequisite: CHEM 111 Three lectures and one tutorial per week. Three lectures per week; six hours of tutorials during the semester. Content: This course focuses on the science of the very small: quantum theory; molecules to materials: statistical mechanics; molecular mixing; thermodynamics and kinetics. Content: This is one of two core chemistry courses at 200 level and covers material that is essential for all chemistry majors. It provides students with a solid foundation in i) atoms, molecules and covalent bonding, and ii) periodicity and trends in the elements. This course is required to major in chemistry and is a pre-requisite for study along the inorganic, physical and analytical and environmental chemistry pathways. CHEM 212 Chemical Reactivity Semester 115 points Prerequisite: CHEM 112 or ENCH241 Equivalent: BCHM 212 Three lectures per week; six hours of tutorials during the semester. Content: This course provides an introduction to structures and properties of organic and biological molecules; application of kinetics and thermodynamics to organic and biochemical reactions; substitution and elimination chemistry; bioinorganic chemistry and electrochemistry. This course is a prerequisite for CHEM 300 courses. CHEM 241 Inorganic Chemistry Semester 215 points Prerequisite: CHEM 211 Three lectures per week; six hours of tutorials during the semester. Content: This course provides an introduction to transition metal chemistry; symmetry of molecules; introduction to organometallic chemistry; medicinal inorganic chemistry. This course is a prerequisite for CHEM 321. 18 Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 This course is a prerequisite for CHEM 333, and CHEM 343,and part of one prerequisite pathway into CHEM 324* CHEM 281 Practical Chemistry Semester 1 15 points Semester 215 points Prerequisites: CHEM 111 or CHEM 112. Eight hours laboratory per week. Content: This laboratory course is required to major in chemistry and preferably it is taken in conjunction with other 200–level chemistry courses. The topics covered in this course are: preparative organic and inorganic chemistry; purification of chemicals including chromatography; practical spectroscopy and basic analytical methodology; data analysis, errors and Excel competence. Kinetic and thermodynamic measurements on solutions. THIS COURSE OR BCHM 281 MUST BE TAKEN IF YOU WISH TO MAJOR IN CHEMISTRY NOTE: Students who wish to take a lecture course or lab course for which they do not appear to meet the prerequisites will be considered on a case bycase basis. They are advised to see the Director of Undergraduate Studies. 300–Level Courses There are two types of 300–level courses in Chemistry. Lecture and tutorial-based papers (CHEM 321-343) which develop an understanding of chemical principles; and laboratorybased courses (CHEM 381 and 382) which highlight the role of experimentation in chemistry. The courses offered at third year are designed to provide a balanced preparation for a variety of careers in chemistry. To complete a degree majoring in chemistry, at least 60 points of chemistry 300–level courses must be taken. What you need to get in The chemistry prerequisites for these third year courses are drawn from CHEM 200. In addition, there is a recommended preparation in mathematics for some courses. CHEM 321 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry: From Structure to Function Whole year 30 points Prerequisites: CHEM 211 and CHEM 241. Two lectures per week and 12 hours of tutorials. Content: CHEM 321 focuses on applications of inorganic chemistry. The course will cover aspects of symmetry and solid-state structure with reference to inorganic materials. Organometallic chemistry and catalysis is a second major topic. Aspects of bio-inorganic chemistry are described. Details of inorganic reaction mechanisms and the equilibria of reactions in solution are also discussed. CHEM 322 Organic Chemistry Whole year 30 points Prerequisites: 30 points from, BCHM 206, BCHM 212, CHEM212, CHEM 242. Two lectures per week and 12 hours of tutorials. Content: This course introduces some of the synthetic methodology by which complex multifunctional organic molecules, such as pharaceuticals and natural products, are sythesized. The course begins with the issue of how to achieve selectivity in any synthetic sequence, and moves on to cover some of the synthetically useful organic chemistry of boron, silicon, phosphorus and sulfur, together with a range of reactive intermediates including radicals and carbenes. The remaining topics include an overview of the chemistry of aromatic and heterocyclic compounds, and the development of a mechanistic and predictive understanding of the sterochemical consequences of several useful synthetic reactions. CHEM 343 Advances in Chemical Technology CHEM 324 Analytical & Environmental Chemistry Prerequisite: CHEM 281 or BCHM 281. Whole year 30 points Content: This laboratory course refines experimental skills in synthetic organic and inorganic chemistry. There is an emphasis on modern techniques, such as 2D NMR and X-ray crystallography, for elucidating the structures of complex molecules. Skills for safe laboratory work and efficient use of library resources are also featured. Prerequisites: (1) CHEM 211 and CHEM 243; or (2) CHEM 211 and either CHEM 281 or BCHM 281. Two lectures per week and 12 hours of tutorials. Content: A critical approach to the fundamentals and use of a wide range of instrumental analytical techniques. Their application in problem-solving, with emphasis on environmental systems. Speciation analysis and modelling. Analysis of trace organics and atmospheric components. Metals in aquatic systems: complexation, absorption and redox processes. CHEM 325 Biological Chemistry (also coded as BCHM 302) Whole year 30 points Prerequisites: Either (1) 30 points from BCHM 206 or BCHM 212 or CHEM 212 or CHEM 242 or (2) BCHM 221 and BCHM 222 and either BCHM 212 or CHEM 212. Two lectures per week and 12 hours of tutorials. Content: This course covers the chemical principles underlying biological processes. Topics include: biokinetics – enzyme function and regulation, mechanisms of enzyme catalysed reactions, molecular recognition – how biological molecules interact, biochemical toxicology, and bioinorganic chemistry – the importance of metals in biological systems. Semester 2 15 points Prerequisite: CHEM 243 Two lectures and one tutorial per week. A selection of topics will be offered from the following: foundations of nanotechnology; lasers and photochemistry; molecular design; catalysis; liquids and solutions; atmospheric chemistry. CHEM 381 Advanced Synthetic Techniques Semester 1 15 points Eight hours laboratory per week. CHEM 382 Instrumental Methods Semester 2 15 points Prerequisite: CHEM 281 or BCHM 281 Eight hours laboratory per week. Content: This course consists of a series of laboratory experiments involving instrumental measurements in Analytical, Environmental and Physical Chemistry. Students gain experience with advanced laboratory instrumentation, the control of instrumental functions and data analysis. The experiments are organised in weekly 2 x 4 hour blocks. CHEM 382 is an essential course for students following the analytical and environmental, and physical chemistry pathways; it is recommended for students following the organic and inorganic chemistry pathways. CHEM 333 Materials and Interactions Semester 1 15 points Prerequisite: CHEM 243 Two lectures and one tutorial per week. A selection of topics will be offered from the following: Intermolecular interactions, materials and surfaces; polymers; dynamic electrochemistry. Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 19 400–Level Courses 400–level courses form an integral part of the following postgraduate degrees in chemistry: BSc (Hons), MSc (Hons) and PGDipSc (see pages 13-15). Students studying for these degrees take a series of advanced chemistry courses. These papers are designed to introduce and highlight advanced topics in the respective field. These are usually selected from the named 400–level chemistry papers. Some of these papers reflect the continuation of core chemistry paths of study whilst others cover topics which cross these traditional areas, reflecting the interdisciplinary nature of much contemporary chemistry. Some students elect to replace one or more of these papers with other 400– level options (e.g. biochemistry). In special circumstances it is also possible to design a course using the special topic codes. As well as these lecture modules, students undertake a research project within an area of their choice (in consultation with the Director of Postgraduate Studies). This research project is one of the most important and distinctive parts of BSc (Hons) and MSc degrees. For the BSc 20 Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 (Hons) degree, the project consists of 16–20 hours per week of research work throughout the year and a formal report on the project is required. The research project is assessed and counts as the equivalent of one written paper. MSc degrees involve at least one year of dedicated research (in this case the research is coded as CHEM 690). For more information, see www.chem.canterbury. ac.nz/for/400_level_courses or contact the Director of Postgraduate Studies. CHEM-400 Papers Chemistry papers at 400–level are run on a modular system. There are four 0.25 EFTS Chemistry papers: CHEM 422-424 Advanced topics in Chemistry II-IV. Additionally, BCHM 420 can also be taken by BCHM students. Each paper consists of any three lecture modules. Students are strongly encouraged to attend additional modules so as to provide more options come exam time. Two weeks prior to the start of exams, students will be required to state which three modules per paper they wish to sit. They cannot sit more than three modules per paper. Chemistry students would normally take all four of CHEM 421–424 papers. The modules that make up the papers consist of 10 lectures given by an academic from within the department or a distinguished overseas scientist who is visiting as an Erskine Fellow. Professor Bob Grubbs It is often the case that distinguished visiting scientists, at the forefront of scientific discovery, teach parts of UC’s Chemistry courses. In 2005 one of our lecturers was Professor Bob Grubbs of Caltech, USA, who delivered lectures on new catalytic chemistry he has pioneered for use in making pharmaceuticals, plastics and in providing renewable sources of petrochemicals. During his stay at Canterbury Professor Grubbs was awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. His first lecture as a Nobel laureate was to one of our Chemistry classes! Course Advice and Entry Requirements Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries about courses or research in the Department of Chemistry. Student Advisor, College of Science The primary contact information for course queries is given on page 2 of this handbook. Details of courses and research of the Department are available at the Departmental website (www.chem.canterbury.ac.nz). This site also provides details about the members of staff in the Department and their research interests. If you have any problems, you are always welcome to approach any staff member for help. For more information about study options or enrolment, please get in touch with the Contact Centre on: Many staff members list office hours when you are welcome to drop by and ask questions. Otherwise, you may arrange an appointment by asking them after class or by ringing or emailing them. Please remember that staff are always willing to help with genuine problems, but they won’t know you have a problem unless you tell them! Chemistry Department Contacts Phone 03 364 2100 Fax 03 364 2110 [email protected] Webwww.chem.canterbury.ac.nz Address Department of Chemistry University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 Course Advice and Changes If you would like advice about planning a course schedule to match your interests and career goals or you would like to change courses, please contact the relevant people below: Director of Undergraduate Studies Dr Andy Pratt [email protected] 100–level mentor Dr Jan Wikaira [email protected] Biochemistry Biochemistry Coordinator Assoc. Prof. Ren Dobson [email protected] Director of Postgraduate Studies Dr Sarah Masters [email protected] Anna Chapman [email protected] Phone 03 364 2987 ext 3127 University of Canterbury Contact Centre Freephone 0800 VARSITY (0800 827 748 in NZ) Phone +64 3 364 2555 [email protected] Webwww.canterbury.ac.nz/enrol Entry Requirements Entry to a BSc degree is open to all students with University Entrance. Most science subjects can be started at first-year university level without previous study. However, a background to NCEA Level 3 is recommended for chemistry courses. If you haven’t got this background, you will need to take an introductory course. Please contact the Director of Undergraduate Studies or Student Advisor. Preparatory Courses Headstart Chemistry Two-week preparatory courses in basic chemistry and further chemistry are held each summer prior to the start of semester one. (www.canterbury.ac.nz/bridging/headstart) They would be appropriate for you if you have little or no background in chemistry, have gaps in your knowledge, or have not studied chemistry for some time. Enrolling in one or both of these courses will give you the background and confidence needed to succeed in 100-level chemistry courses. Headstart courses consist of lecture/tutorials and practical laboratory activities. These are intensive courses, and extra work will be required outside class hours. Certificate in University Preparation The University offers a Certificate in University Preparation (CUP), designed for New Zealand citizens or permanent residents from English speaking backgrounds, who do not meet the requirements for university entrance through their existing qualifications. The CUP welcomes students who have recently finished Year 13 programmes, but missed University Entrance, are under 20 and left school without formal qualifications or who have been out of school for many years and want to refresh their study skills, before beginning a degree programme. For information on these preparatory courses, see www.canterbury.ac.nz/bridging or contact the Student Advisor. Course content For information on course content please check our website or contact the relevant course coordinator. The website provides information about course coordinators and additional information, assignments, rules and requirements. Problems or complaints If you are having trouble in one or more of your courses, please discuss your problems with your lecturer or mentor. They may be able to provide help, or direct you to other places in the Department or University that you can seek support. If you do not feel comfortable approaching your lecturer, or have a specific complaint about the lecturer please see the Director of Undergraduate Studies or an undergraduate supervisor. Mentoring programmes Trained mentors are available to help students adjust to university life. Mentors are experienced students studying a variety of courses. Your mentor will work with you to help you find your way around the campus, give you lots of survival tips, answer questions about the university and its systems, advise you where to go or who to see, introduce you to other students, and make the place seem less isolating. Your mentor is a friendly face, someone to share worries and concerns with and to provide you with encouragement and support. For further information go to www.canterbury.ac.nz/sas/mentoring (includes a link to register for a mentor) or email [email protected] Degree and Course Information For full degree requirements, course restrictions, prerequisites, point allocations and regulations please refer to www.canterbury.ac.nz/regulations or printed in the UC Calendar. For times and locations of specific lectures, laboratories and examinations, please refer to the Enrolment Handbook or the Department’s website: www.chem.canterbury.ac.nz Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 21 Facilities and Frequently Asked Questions Student Support and Facilities Frequently Asked Questions Information and Communication Technology Services Do I need Year 13 Chemistry to begin first year chemistry courses? Information and Communication Technology Services (ICTS) provides students with access to the University’s computer facilities. There are computer workrooms (Mac and PC) on campus which operate 24 hours a day, seven days a week, and all students receive information about how to access these during the enrolment process. ICTS are located off University Drive opposite the University Book Shop. ICT Service Desk Phone 03 364 2060 [email protected] Health Centre Phone 03 364 2402 Webwww.canterbury.ac.nz/healthcentre Student health services are available from the University Health Centre, which is situated near the UCSA Events Centre building. Library Library staff are pleased to help you with any queries. We look forward to helping you make the most of its resources and services. For further information contact the Central Library Help Desk Phone 03 364 2987 ext 6198 [email protected] Webwww.library.canterbury.ac.nz Childcare Childcare is available at Montana Early Learning Centre, 31 Montana Avenue, Ilam. For further information: Phone 03 364 3968 [email protected] Webwww.ucsa.org.nz/support/childcare UC Sport and Recreation UC Sport and Recreation offers a full range of fitness, sporting and recreation activities. Qualified staff are ready to help you with all your fitness and recreation needs. For further information contact the Rec Centre Phone 03 364 2433 Webwww.reccentre.canterbury.ac.nz 22 Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 Although not required it is recommended that you have studied chemistry at Year 13 level. A summer preparatory course is recommended to those with no prior background in chemistry. Students with little or no background in chemistry are advised to commence their first year studies with CHEM 114 Foundations of Chemistry which assumes no prior knowledge of chemistry. How does the Department support students with disabilities? Special arrangements can be made for students with any kind of disability to complete chemistry courses. If you have special needs, please discuss these with the Director of Undergraduate Studies, or email the Disability Resource Service on [email protected]. See www. canterbury.ac.nz/disability/ for more information. Do I need to buy textbooks for all of my chemistry courses? Most chemistry courses require textbooks. Other information for courses in chemistry will be available on the Learn site or via course handouts throughout the course duration. For courses with a textbook, several copies are put on reserve in the library, so students do not have to buy the text. However, if you think that you will continue to study that particular subject, you will benefit from buying a new or used copy since it will get good use! What do I need for laboratories and when do they start? For laboratory work in chemistry you will need to buy safety glasses, lab coats and lab manuals. You will be informed which items you need during enrolment week, and you can purchase them on campus. All of these items are sold at cost price (no profit is made). How can I fit labs around other courses, family and work commitments? First year courses offer several laboratory choices, so that you can schedule your labs around other courses. At second and third year check the timetable information for the timing and availability of streams. Can I change courses that I chose when pre-registering in December? Yes, you can change your courses up until the second week of term with absolutely no penalties. Can I discuss problems or learning difficulties with lecturers? Lecturers are always more than happy to discuss any problems or difficulties you may have with their course. You can arrange an appointment by seeing them after class or by phoning or emailing them. If you have problems that you do not feel comfortable talking to your lecturer about, you can also go to the Director of Undergraduate Studies, Student Advisor (Science), an undergraduate supervisor or 100–level mentor. Chemistry Degree Structure The Bachelor of Science (BSc) course is the usual route to a chemistry degree. It is a three-year degree with a range of major subjects. Students must complete major requirements in at least one subject and should select their programme of courses carefully to ensure that they take the right prerequisite courses to be able to take the major subject of their choice. In addition, students who intend to go on to postgraduate study should check the requirements for taking their major subject forward to higher levels. Students enrolling in the BSc must pass courses with a minimum total value of 360 points including: • at least 255 points from the BSc courses listed in this handbook; • the remaining 105 points from any degree of the University (subject to the regulations of the degree). • at least 225 points must be for courses above 100–level; • at least 90 points must be for courses at 300– level; • at least 60 points of that 90 must be in a single subject from the Schedule to the Regulations for the Bachelor of Science or from a list of specified courses approved for the major requirement. Students are strongly urged to consider taking more than the minimum requirements in order to maximise their opportunities in the future. It is also recommended that 30 points of Mathematics be taken, since this is the recommended minimum preparation for some 300–level courses in Chemistry. The remaining points of your BSc degree can be obtained in many ways and there are some suggestions in the 200–level and 300–level sections of this handbook. Some people may wish to choose a narrow range of subjects so as to lead to a focussed degree and career, while others may opt for a broader education. The Department of Chemistry encourages you to aim high: by enhancing your degree you will improve your employment opportunities. Students at 100–level usually take 120-135 points, depending on the level of preparation from high school. A couple of fairly typical degree structures are summarised here. Students can choose to take extra courses. Second year course combinations for a BSc in Chemistry The minimum requirement is the core papers (CHEM 211, CHEM 212 and CHEM 281) plus two out of CHEM 241, CHEM 242 and CHEM 243. Students often choose courses from BCHM, BIOL, MATH, GEOL or PHYS to complement their CHEM courses Many students take all six of these papers, as these are required for entry into postgraduate programmes. If you started your degree prior to 2010, please check your requirements with the Student Advisor, Anna Chapman ([email protected]) Bachelor of Science – typical degree structure Year 1 100 Level 100 Level 100 Level 100 Level 100 Level 100 Level 100 Level 100 Level Year 2 200 Level 200 Level 200 Level 200 Level 200 Level 200 Level 200 Level 100 Level Year 3 300 Level 300 Level Science major courses 300 Level 300 Level Potential Science majors* 300 Level 300 Level Other Science courses 200 Level 200 Level Courses from Science or other degrees Each small block represents a 15-point course. However, some courses may be 30 points (or more). *Students should allow for more than one potential major subject. Students should check the 100-level requirements for their potential majors as some majors require more than two 100-level courses or enrolment in a complementary subject such as Mathematics. Bachelor of Science with Honours – typical degree structure 400 Level CHEM 421-424 and CHEM 480 = 5x 0.125 EFTS courses 300 Level At least 60 points from CHEM 300 courses (CHEM321, 322, 324, 325, 333, 343, 381 and/ or 382) 200 Level At least 60 points from CHEM 211-212 and 241-243; and CHEM 281; and at least 30 points from courses in MATHS, STATS or ENGR 102 100 Level CHEM 111 and CHEM 112 Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 23 Plan Your Own Degree The Bachelor of Science degree requires a minimum of 360 credit points, of which at least 255 points must be from the science courses. The remaining 105 points can be either science courses or approved non-science courses. At least 225 points must be from science courses above 100–level, of which 90 points must be at 300–level, of which at least 60 points must be at 300–level in a single subject from the BSc schedule – this is your major. Students can take more than 225 points above 100–level and some choose to do a double major by taking two science subjects through to 300–level with 60 points in each. Visit the Director of Undergraduate Studies of Chemistry, if you would like assistance in designing your course of study. Create your own personalised Chemistry BSc degree 3 2 1 Create your own personalised Chemistry BSc (Hons) degree 4 3 2 1 24 Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 Notes 26 Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 College of Engineering office College of Arts office College of Business and Law office College of Science office College of Education office Closed temporarily Security Student Services Centre Cycle stand Heat and Eat Café or Bar Library Accessible parking Link parking Pay and Display parking Permit parking Contractor permit parking Taxi pick up point Bus stop Directory Dec 2015 Chemistry Student Handbook 2016 27 University of Canterbury Contact Centre: NZ Freephone: 0800 VARSITY (0800 827 748) T: +64 3 364 2555 E: [email protected] University of Canterbury Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand www. canterbury.ac.nz