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Ancient Greece Golden Age of Athens Achievements Medicine - Hippocrates realized that weather, drinking water and location plays a role in health History - Herodotus wrote down the history of the Persian Wars Ancient Greece Golden Age of Athens “The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.” Socrates 470-399 B.C. Taught by asking questions Wanted students to think Tried for corrupting young people Put in prison and ordered to kill himself with poison Ancient Greece Golden Age of Athens “Wise men speak because they have something to say; fools because they have to say something.” Plato 428 – 328 B.C. Thought to be one of the greatest philosopher ever Follow reason not emotion Wrote down what Socrates said Aristotle was Plato’s student Ancient Greece Golden Age of Athens “Happiness depends upon ourselves.” Aristotle 384-322 B.C. Follow reason not emotion Reality found on Earth Fascinated by science and described more than 500 species of animals Live by the Golden Mean – balanced life. Not too much, but not too little Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War Peloponnesian comes from the name of the peninsula Fought between Athens and Sparta 431 BC to 404 BC Athens loses the war End to the golden age Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War The First War - lasted for 10 years Spartans dominated land- Athens, sea Built long walls to sea and stayed in city to access to supplies from their ships People died of plague including Pericles The "long walls" were around 4 ½ miles long. Length of the walls around the city and the ports was around 22 miles. Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War Peace of Nicias - 421 BC In 415 BC, Athens helps allies on Sicily Sent force to attack Syracuse. Athens lost the battle Sparta retaliate Start the Second Peloponnesian War Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War Second War Spartans gather allies to conquer Athens, even the Persians lent them money to build warships Athens recovered and won a series of battles between 410 and 406 BC. Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War Athens is defeated 405 BC, Spartan general Lysander defeats Athenian Navy Athenians began to starve In 404 BC Athens surrenders City-states want Athens destroyed Sparta disagreed tear down its walls Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War Ancient Greece - The Peloponnesian War Sparta won the Peloponnesian War in 404 BC - end of the Golden Era Sparta put in government of 30 generals Athens rebels - 403 BC democracy is restored Alexander and the Hellenistic Period 323 BC to 30 BC Alexander and the Hellenistic Period 323 BC to 30 BC Alexander the Great At 20 King of Macedonia One of Aristotle’s student Fearless Fighter Troops very loyal Conquered Greece Alexander and the Hellenistic Period 323 BC to 30 BC Took three years to conquer Persian Empire By 326 BC invaded western India Men tired and wanted to go home Indian used elephants in Battle 327 BC Alexander went home Alexander and the Hellenistic Period 323 BC to 30 BC 324 BC Alex went to Babylon to make new plans Sick and died at the age of 33 One of the most brilliant and bravest leader the world has ever known Alexander and the Hellenistic Period 323 BC to 30 BC https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3cm6Fb8Stmg http://www.historyforkids.net/alexander.html http://www.biography.com/people/alexander-the-great9180468#campaigns-and-conquests Alexander’s Other Conquests • Pushed east for next three years, conquered parts of Central Asia • Armies reached Indiaʼs Indus River Valley in 326 B.C. • Alexander wanted to keep going, but armies insisted on turning back • Returned to Babylon in 323 B.C.; Alexander fell ill, died at age 32 - because of achievements, he is remembered as Alexander the Great • Three generals divided Alexanderʼs empire after his death A Blend of Cultures • Alexander spread Greek culture, set up colonies, built cities - left Greeks to rule lands; Greek became common language • Alexander adopted Persian styles, customs combined Egyptian, Indian, Persian, Greek cultures - cultural blend known as Hellenistic after Hellas, Greek name for Greece • Combined knowledge led to science, medicine discoveries