Download Psychology: Introduction to Memory

Psychology Lesson 2:
Introduction to
Memory
Recap
Do you remember what we talked about
last week in the psychology session?
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Aims of the lesson this week
◎ To learn about a type of psychology called Cognitive
Psychology.
◎ To explore what cognitive psychologists have learnt about
the way memory works.
◎ To know the differences and to be able to give examples
between short-term and long-term memory.
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“
Cognitive Psychology is the scientific
study of the mind.
Cognitive psychologists study mental
processes such as memory and
perception.
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Memory
What do you think memory is?
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◎ Memory is the ability to store
information, such as names of
people and places, within your
brain.
◎ Memory involves encoding,
storage, and retrieval of
information.
◎ It would be very difficult to
function without memories as we
need this to successfully interact
with the world.
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Can you think of when you had to use your
memory to get ready to come here today?
Write down all the times you can think of.
One example could be - remembering how to
brush your teeth this morning.
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Memory Storage
Atkinson–Shiffrin’s multi-store model of memory
Long-term
memory
Sensory
memory
Shortterm
memory
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Research Time
Can you find out what each of
the different types of memory
stores do?
Top tip: Look for the
coding, capability and
duration for each of the
memory stores!
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Key facts summary
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Sensory
memory
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Sensory memory takes in lots
of information about your
environment but only holds
this for a very brief period.
It decides what information is
important and then transfers
this into the short-term
memory.
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Also called ‘Working Memory’.
Limited duration (only stores
information for a short time,
around 30 seconds)
Limited capacity (can only hold
between 5-9 items)
Coding: holds mainly acoustic
(sound) information.
Shortterm
memory
Long-term
memory
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Unlimited capacity
Duration can be between a
few minutes up to a lifetime
Coding: holds semantic
(meaning) and visual
information.
Three main types: episodic,
semantic and procedural.
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Types of Long-term memory
Type of memory
What is rembered?
Example
Episodic Memory
Memory for life events
Remembering a family
holiday
Semantic Memory
Memory for facts
Remembering that a
penguin is a type of bird
Procedural Memory
Memory for skills
Remembering how to
ride a bike
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Key concept: information moves
from sensory memory to shortterm memory by paying attention
to it. Memories move from shortterm memory to long-term memory
using a process called rehearsal –
repeating it over again and again
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Quiz on what we have
learnt today
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Thanks for taking part.
Any questions?
Next week we will be looking into more
detail about how memories are
processed, retrieved or forgotten!
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