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6.1 - Analyze the structure and function of major organs of the digestive system.
6.3 - Describe mechanisms of digestion and absorption within the body.
Script:
8:15 to pledge: Good morning… note the words of the day and you’ll also see the words from
last week flashing through.
Pledge to 8:20 – Take roll, finish explaining if nec. Point out standards and go over what’s on
the board.
8:20 to 8:45 – We are going to watch a video from a long time ago. It came out when I was a kid
and the music is goofy and the fashions are a little crazy and it is pretty cheesy. Okay, I admit it.
But… I wouldn’t show it if I didn’t think you could get something out of it. It has really good
animation, though it’s a little silly, and it gives you a LOT of information. So, I said all that to
say that I understand you are going to laugh at it a little and I expect to hear a few moans and
groans, but try not to keep them going too long, because you’ll miss out on the important
information if you do.
8:45 to 8:50 – Discuss the video a little, ask questions of the group
8:50 to 8:55 – Now I have a group activity for you. All the parts of the digestive system are
important, not just the stomach, not just the mouth and teeth. If you didn’t have a large intestine
or a small intestine, what would happen? How would you get rid of waste? Yes, you would
have a colostomy bag and that is not fun. I have a good friend who had an infection in her
intestine and they had to do a temporary colostomy, where she had to wear a bag for the time it
took her to heal. After a few months, they had to go back in and repair the intestine and now
everything works just fine. So yes, the colon and the rectum and the anus are vitally important
too… they’re so important we keep them hidden and protected! So be professional, and don’t
complain about your job in the digestive system.
Here’s what you’re going to do. Each of you will get an apron and crayons. I don’t want you to
use markers because we don’t have time for them to dry and they are very messy if they’re not
dry. Can you tell I’ve experienced this before? You’ll each color your part of the digestive
system on the apron. You’ll tell the class what your system does, including each part of the
system. If you’re not a big talker, don’t worry, you don’t have to say a lot – just a sentence or so
to describe your role. For example, “I am the bile duct and I release bile into the intestine so that
fats can be digested.” You can find this information in chapter 14 of the book, which starts on
page 468. Once you’re in your groups I’ll be coming around to see how you’re doing and
answer any questions you might have. I’ll give you 15 minutes to do this – it shouldn’t take that
long to color your section and discuss your role with your group – and then we’ll get back
together at 9:15 and do a group activity where we follow some food through the digestive
system.
(During the work time, tell the stomach folks: You need intrinsic factor to absorb b12. You
need B12. A lot of people don’t absorb enough. Some people don’t make enough intrinsic
factor. This is called pernicious anemia, which is an autoimmune disease. Alcoholics don’t
absorb B12 well because they often have a terrible diet. People with intestinal disease don’t
often absorb all the nutrients they need. And… vegans and vegetarians tend to be low on B12,
because our bodies don’t process the plant form of B12 very well. There are ways to get more,
though, like eating yeast and fortified foods like cereals. There are shots they can give and
there’s oral B12 too that you take under your tongue.
9:15 to…
Okay. Now we are going to follow some food through the digestive system. Grab some gloves
and line up here at the front of the room… which system comes first? Tell us what you do. I’m
going to have you face one another, wearing your aprons... I’m going to do a walkthrough first to
show you what’s going to happen. First I’m going to put the food in this bowl. My teeth, you
guys are going to need these forks. You’ll be doing what teeth do here… then the tongue, you’ll
push the food to the pharynx. That’s where peristalsis will start… show me… yeah. Okay.
Next you’ll send the food down to the esophagus, where we’ll have more peristalsis… great.
Then the stomach will take it from there… the cardiac sphincter will close and keep the food
from going up… yall are going to churn it and squirt gastric juice… it’s really acidic, can you
tell what it is? Then you’re going to put some pepsi I mean pepsin in it… and intrinsic factor, so
you can… right. The pyloric sphincter is going to close the stomach off until the food’s read to
go down…to the small intestine… no I didn’t pick you guys because you’re small… you’re
going to need gloves because the small intestine’s got… right… you’ve got to get in order, first
we have the duodenum, then the jejunum, then the ileum, where we’ll get some bile from the
duct, and the ileocecal valve is going to let the food go down to the large intestine. In reality the
water is going to be absorbed in the small intestine but I won’t make you do that. Just try to
make what’s left good and solid. The large intestine… not because you’re larger… the cecum,
the appendix, you can touch it too even though most of the time it doesn’t really… the rest of the
colon, finally the rectum… and then the anus… I don’t think you’re an anus. It’s a dirty job but
somebody’s got to do it. Anyway, you’re going to get rid of the waste. You can take the pass
and flush it down the toilet… though if you just throw it in the trash that would be all right
because it’s not going to smell bad!
All right? Are we clear? Let’s go!
After the poop-making…
Okay. I have an assignment for you. You can turn it in tomorrow. I want you to label the
structures on there. I would like it colored, too. Don’t forget we are eating in here tomorrow! If
you need to sign up for something the sheet is up here. Finally, I have some Little Debbies for
you IF you can tell me what you’ve learned today. All right. Here we go.