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8TH GRADE SCIENCE
MS. BACON
CHAPTER 10 STUDY GUIDE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
What is the definition of matter?
What is the definition of volume?
What is the definition of an element?
How many basic substances, or elements, do we know about today?
Do elements only appear alone, only in combination with other
elements, or do we find elements both by themselves and in
combination with other elements?
What element is most common in the earth’s crust and the human
body?
Each element has its own unique symbol. Match the following symbols
with the correct element name.
ELEMENT NAME
SYMBOL
Hydrogen
I.
C
Carbon
II.
Cl
Oxygen
III. Cu
Nitrogen
IV.
H
Sodium
V.
N
Chloride
VI.
Na
Copper
VII. O
8. Matter is made up of tiny particles too small to be seen by the human
eye. What are these particles?
9. A substance made of only one of these tiny particles is called?
10. The atomic model explains the atom is made of three types of
particles. Match the following particles with their correct
descriptions.
PARTICLE
A. Electron
B. Neutron
C. Proton
I.
II.
III.
DESCRIPTION
Positively charged particle
Negatively charged particle
Uncharged particle
11. Match the following particles with their location in the atom.
PARTICLE
DESCRIPTION
A. Electron
I.
In the nucleus
B. Neutron
II.
In the nucleus
C. Proton
III. Move around outside the
nucleus
12. Atoms are EXTREMELY small. How many atoms can you fit into the
previous sentence?
13. If you put a grain of sand under a microscope, would you be able to
see the atoms in the sand, or would the atoms be too small?
14. What determines the identity of an atom?
15. What particles are counted to determine atomic number?
16. Look at the pictures on page 334. In each of the two pictures, what
does the dark clump in the center represent?
17. What does the surrounding cloud represent?
18. Read the article on page 336 in your textbook. This article identifies
chemical elements in the human body and the roles they play. Answer
the following questions.
a. Where do you find iron in the human body?
b. What is iron’s important function?
c. What are two important functions of sodium and potassium in
the body?
d. In what parts of the body is most of the calcium found?
e. What element makes up part of the hard coating on teeth?
f. What was the purpose of this article?