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1. EMODnet Bathymetry • Overview and access to bathymetric survey data • Free access to a medium resolution Digital Terrain Model (DTM) for all European seas • Data (single beam, multibeam, plummets, LIDAR, ..) from national hydrographic services, marine research institutes and industry • SeaDataNet Discovery and Access service for survey data sets • Bathymetry Viewer and Download service http://www.emodnet-bathymetry.eu 13.800 surveys indexed from 31 partners from 18 countries and GEBCO release 2014 The EMODnet DTM is generated by 4 regional coordinators from the EMODnet Bathymetry partnership following a common QA-QC process and DTM generation methodology North Sea France SHOM Eastern Mediterranean Greece HCMR Western Mediterranean and Atlantic Ocean France Ifremer Central Mediterranean Italy ISMAR CNR 1. EMODnet Bathymetry • DTM for all European seas at 1/8*1/8 arc minutes (~230 m) • DTM uses > 7.000 survey data sets and composite DTMs • DTM contains 1.092.115.678 data points (28.799 rows x 37.922 columns) • 3 high resolution coastal areas Northern Germany, Gulf of Leon, Kenmare western Ireland • Latest release: 8 Sept 2015 1. EMODnet Bathymetry • DTM freely downloadable in 16 tiles in range of formats • Direct links between DTM cells and used data sets • Various functions for DTM browsing, retrieving information and WMS services • full European DEM coverage on both land and water • Free 3D-viewer Source reference layer Retrieving metadata of a survey 1. EMODnet Bathymetry Comparison between globally leading digital product - GEBCO – General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (IHO – IOC) and EMODnet Bathymetry DTM – example in Tyrrhenian Sea near Sicily – Italy and South Italy – resolution EMODnet is 16 times higher 1. EMODnet Bathymetry 1. EMODnet Bathymetry Cooperation and synergy with GEBCO: EMODnet uses GEBCO to cover gaps. GEBCO uses EMODnet to improve its DTM 1. EMODnet Bathymetry EMODnet Bathymetry WMS service has > 50.000 IP addresses of users in the last year: Example of usage: SOCIB (Baleares – Spain) use WMS as baselayer for display where marine observation instruments are deployed 1. EMODnet Bathymetry • Challenges now and near future: – increasing survey coverage with extra input from science, authorities and industry – improving quality of DTM – expanding partnership and increasing resolution – going to the ‘cloud’ because of ‘big data’ 2. EMODnet Geology The Geology portal provides access to information primarily held by national geological surveys of 30 European countries: – harmonised sea-bed substrate and bedrock geology at 1:250,000 scale where available; 1:1 million scale in other areas – Information on coastal behaviour (migration; erosion; accretion; resilience/vulnerability); – Locations of earthquake activity, volcanoes, submarine landslides. Links to updated sources of information using WMS; – Mineral localities; oil and gas fields; aggregate resources. Seabed substrate Coastal behaviour 2. EMODnet Geology Geological Surveys establish standards for geological mapping at national scale. Digital geological maps and related databases, INSPIRE compliant, have been constructed at various scales within EMODnet Geology Detailed where possible (1:250,000) Broadscale in other areas (1:1 million) 2. EMODnet Geology • • Benefits – Central access to geological information from 30 countries; – Building on open-source plaform – Providing best available and harmonized data – Providing access to national geological survey information and data catalogues Challenges – Accessing third party data held by industry, research community etc. – Building on most detailed information available at national level 2. EMODnet Geology Main deliverables at 1:250,000 scale Sea-bed substrate including rate of accumulation of recent sediments Sea-floor geology (bedrock geology) and all boundaries and faults that can be represented at the 1:250,000 compilation scale with information on the lithology and age of each geological unit Coastal type and behaviour supplemented by information on coastal erosion or sedimentation and the rate at which it occurs. Geological events and probabilities (landslides, volcanic activity, earthquake epicentres, tectonics and tsunamis) Minerals (including aggregates, oil and gas) 2. EMODnet Geology http://www.emodnet.eu/bathymetry The Mediterranean Sea shows a high degree of geological diversity which is the result of its geological evolution over the last few million years and still ongoing. Consequently it is articulated in many different depositional environments (more or less extended continental shelves, more or less steep slopes, basins, seamounts). 2. EMODnet Geology Geological events The geological setting was originated by geological events such as volcanism, mass movements, tectonics and earthquakes. Information concerning events are collected in a work package lead by the Geological Survey of Italy - ISPRA. These events affect underwater environments, human settlements in coastal areas as well as the use of marine resources and should be taken into account in planning any marine related activity. EMODnet Geology is intended to interact with planners and decision-makers to evaluate what is available for marine spatial planning. 2. EMODnet Geology Joint Adriatic Domain Research Activity in Geology (JADRA Geology) Cooperation among countries facing the Adriatic Sea (Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro, Albania, Greece and possibly Bosnia-Herzegovina) was started within EMODnet Geology. A working group was created aimed at the best harmonization of data. Partners agreed to formally establish cooperation by signing a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). Italian contribution to EMODnet Geology 2 An agreement was signed with a few Italian Institutions (MISE, CNR-ISMAR, OGS, ENEA, Università RomaTRE, Università di Palermo) to establish formal cooperation addressed at the delivery of products for EMODnet - Geology 2. 3. EMODnet Seabed Habitats Provides you with: • Access to a modelled pan-European broad-scale EUNIS habitat map – EUSeaMap • Access to a confidence map of the modelled habitat map • Access to habitat maps of various resolutions that are based on feld durveys and expressed in EUNIS (the EU nature information system) • Viewing and download services of the modelled pan-European broad scale map and of field survey habitat maps (where possible) 3. EMODnet Seabed Habitats Fills a big knowledge gap 3. EMODnet Seabed Habitats EUSeaMap Requires Input data from: • • • • • • EMODnet Geology (from WP3: Substrate) EMODnet Bathymetry Light energy at seabed (from Meris satellite imagery) Currents and wave climatologies from models (MyOcean etc.) Temperature, salinity, O2 from various sources Habitat maps and samples data from various sources 3. EMODnet Seabed Habitats Enables a good many uses • 1725 products downloads last year, 11% by commercial users • Joint land use - seabed habitats map for cumulative impact index (FP7 Pegaso) MSFD: • Predominant habitats mapping • Sensitivity maps for assessing Seabed Integrity • Support the identification of the monitoring sites for benthic assemblages 3. EMODnet Seabed Habitats Take-home messages on the EMODnet seabed habitat map • • • It represents a univocal pan-European broad-scale map of benthic habitats modelled, based on common methodology. No other harmonised spatial tool describing benthic habitats exists! Habitat descriptions are conveyed through “a common language”: habitats are identified using a common European-scale benthic habitat classification /nomenclature system (EUNIS) It identifies areas / habitats for which further field surveys are required to improve knowledge on the presence and characteristics of presently understudied habitats / assemblages Suggestions for further work to improve specific aspects of the present delivery • • Modeled map: Need higher resolution oceanographic data and confidence assessments Survey map web-page: Call for collaboration to “data -owners” of habitat maps based on field surveys: please make them available for this initiative! 3. EMODnet Seabed Habitats Thank you! http://www.emodnet-seabedhabitats.eu 4. EMODnet Chemistry Involves 46 institutes Covers all European waters Aims to collect, standardize, check the quality of data developing new services to share and visualize information and products Data harvesting and products generation are organized at Regional level Single Data Discovery and Access interface for all the sources 4. EMODnet Chemistry 301.602 CDIs/Stations for Nutrients Temporal distribution Per Discovery Parameter Phosphate concentration parameters in the water column Nitrate concentration parameters in the water column Silicate concentration parameters in the water column Dissolved oxygen parameters in the water column Ammonium concentration parameters in the water column Nitrite concentration parameters in the water column Particulate total and organic nitrogen concentrations in the water column Particulate total and organic phosphorus concentrations in the water column Dissolved total or organic phosphorus concentration in the water column … Data collection D5Eutrophication Datasets 288888 248871 229050 185302 178550 178550 91131 84244 68677 4. EMODnet Chemistry 56.195 CDIs/Stations for Contaminants Temporal distribution Per Discovery Parameter Concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediment samples Concentration of polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) in sediment samples Dissolved metal concentrations in the water column Concentration of other organic contaminants in the water column Concentration of other hydrocarbons in the water column Concentration of polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) in biota … Data collection D8-D9 Contaminants Datasets 10901 8296 8133 6352 6192 5796 ... 4. EMODnet Chemistry BEFORE AFTER Phosphate [µmol/l] Fosfato [µmol/l] P35 vocab: Phosphate [µg/l] PO4 PHOW [µmol/kg] PHOS [µmol/l] PHOS [µg/l] Water body phosphate µmol/l Questionnaire based on ISO/IEC 17025:2005 + Update the official copy of data data extraction Feedback loop for data quality upgrade Report errors to the data originators Data are checked, flagged and completed with metadata by National Collators Regional Regional data QCd data data buffers buffers buffers Regional Regional data Regional data buffers data buffers buffers Data aggregation Data Quality Control Correlation of params 4. EMODnet Chemistry Concentration maps produced from 1960 to 2014, by season and standard levels with 10-year moving window 4. EMODnet Chemistry Dynamic station maps 4. EMODnet Chemistry Main target is to fit for purpose of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive by • Having regular and open dialogue with MSFD working groups, EEA, DG ENV and Regional Sea Conventions to discuss their requirements and our options • Optimisation EMODnet Chemistry services and products for specific indicators • Formalisation of cooperation Example: we are preparing an MoU with the Commission on the Protection of the Black Sea Against Pollution (Bucarest Convention) 5. EMODnet Biology Objective: Coordinated by: • Provide a single access point to European marine biodiversity data and products for assessing the environmental status of the European Seas according to MSFD • Manage high heterogeneity of data: phyto & zooplankon, algae, seagrasses, zoobenthos, fish, reptiles, birds, mammals 5. EMODnet Biology Approach: • Adopts standards defined within: – WoRMS – EurOBIS-OBIS – GBIF – Lifewatch – SeaDatanet • Tight connection with MSFD to provide relevant information for descriptors and indicators 5. EMODnet Biology • Interactions with EEA, RSC, JRC, ICES, MSFD-EMODnet coordination group to perform an EU-wide assessment of those species and communities identified as indicators for the Marine Strategy Framework Directive 5. EMODnet Biology Status at November 2015: • EU marine biodiversity network connecting 159 institutes from most European countries • Making available 673 data collections and Europe main contributor to global OBIS IOC/IODE - UNESCO Start EMODnet 2009 5. EMODnet Biology Data access: Metadata: • What • Where • When • Who Basic data visualization 5. EMODnet Biology Data visualization products: • Gridded abundance data products • Ten-years running means to detect trends in abundances of selected species • Focus on ‘indicator’ species Time series of algal toxicity along the French coasts Marenzelleria abundance showing multiple invasions in Baltic Sea 5. EMODnet Biology Particular onImportance identification of species and species Example offocus Species to Society: Introduced Marine attributes related to indicators or components of Species indicators for the MSFD: Standardized species attributes vocabulary developed to tag Species selected European marine species with relevant information important to available through the World Register of Marine Species society (WoRMS) and the EMODnet biological portal With contribution of: Biological Descriptors (eg. life stage, reproduction, size…) Distribution Descriptors (habitat type, depth, …) Ecological Descriptors (trophic mode, skeleton, motility,…) Species Importance to Society (NIS, HAB,…) 5. EMODnet Biology • Remaining issues: – Data availability & gaps (Mediterranean!) – Create fit for purpose data products through real dialogue with stakeholders (e.g. MSFD) • Recommendations for future development – Data products: from species to community characteristics – Including new biological observations, new datatypes from novel biodiversity sensors (e.a. near real time sensors: bio-optical sensors, GPS and acoustic tags…) • Key Challenges: – Open access policy 6. EMODnet Physics Results: • One point of access 12/10/2015 platforms Latest 60 days • Strong cooperation with Copernicus, drifting bouys (DB) 2654 1446 SeaDataNet and Ferrybox + Icebreaker (FB) 22 11 EuroGOOS gliders (GL) 17 4 • New and more fixed buoys or mooring time series (MO) 912+704 692 contributors profiling floats vertical profiles (PF) 194 170 • More visibility to data providers Argo Floats (AR) 1102 724 • New and more data HF Radar (HF) 11 11 and users TOTAL 6717 3059 • More harmonization, standardization parameter Waves Water Salinity, Light Sea • Cross-fertilization group/ # Water Conductivity, Currents Atmospheric Others and Attenuation Level Temp Density time series Winds • Up to date latest interoperability 2460 262 428 932 64 19 1082 1129 60days services total validated historical 3830 336 549 1240 86 28 1686 1648 440 171 397 132 365 35 39 210 6. EMODnet Physics examples of how the data of the portal was used 6. EMODnet Physics • key challenges and remaining issues to be resolved – Keep engaging data originators – Improving the accessing, discovering, plotting and downloading features of the portal – connecting more historical validated data – further products (e.g. annual/periodic average) accessible via both the portal and interoperability services (e.g. explore/exploit more THREDDS) – ice data and sea level trends on the portal – Working on Single Sign On/Open-ID in collaboration with Mercator – IFREMER and SeaDataNet network Maritime Economic Activities 0.2 Construction of water projects 1.1 Deep-sea shipping 1.2 Short-sea shipping 1.3 Passenger ferry services Short description Data provided This sector includes the construction of waterways, harbour and river works, pleasure ports (marinas), dams and dykes. Also activities such as dredging of waterways are included. International (freight) transport by sea with large vessels that Currents, waves, often sail fixed routes (containers, major bulks) or tramp Atmospheric shipping. Port services, e.g. operating terminals, handling conditions, sea level cargoes, storage, VAL, port management. tides, ice cover National and international freight transport within Europe and to/from neighbouring countries with medium sized ships. Port Currents, waves, services, e.g. operating terminals, handling cargoes, storage, winds, sea level, tides, VAL, port management. The same segments are found as ice cover under deep sea shipping. Currents, waves, Transporting passengers on fixed sea routes, national and Atmospheric international. Mainly intra-European. Sometimes this is conditions, sea level, combined with RoRo transport. tides, ice cover 3.1 Offshore oil and gas Extraction of liquid fossil fuels from offshore sources. 3.2 Offshore wind Construction of wind parks in marine waters, and exploitation of wind energy by generating electricity offshore. Ocean renewable energy Offshore development and exploitation of a variety of renewable energy sources excluding wind, including wave energy, tidal energy, Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion, Blue energy (osmosis) and biomass. 3.3 Currents, waves, Atmospheric conditions, sea level, tides Currents, waves, Atmospheric conditions, sea temperature, ice cover Currents, waves, Atmospheric conditions Currents, waves, Atmospheric conditions [email protected] TBD) Maritime Economic Activities 4.1 Coastal tourism 4.2 Yachting and marinas 4.3 Cruise tourism 5.1 Coastal protection 6.1 Surveillance 6.2 Environmental monitoring Short description Data provided Currents, waves, Atmospheric Shore based sea related tourist and recreational activities. conditions, sea level, temperature, salinity, pH, Turbidity This activity is strongly interlinked with coastal tourism. It can Currents, waves, be defined as coastal tourism including the use of yachts and Atmospheric other pleasure boats and excluding cruise. conditions Currents, waves, Tourism based on people travelling by cruise ship, having the Atmospheric ship itself as their home base of holidays and making visits to conditions, places passed during the trip. temperature Protection against flooding and erosion, preventing salt water intrusion, protection of habitats. Currents, waves, Atmospheric conditions Currents, waves, Equipment and services used for security purposes in the field Atmospheric of maritime transportation; surveillance of the EU coastal conditions, sea level, borders using a variety of services, technologies and temperature, salinity, dedicated equipment. ice cover Currents, waves, sea level, temperature, Marine environmental monitoring is not a clear-cut function. It salinity, O2, may cover water quality, temperature, pollution, fisheries etc. Fluorescence, pH, Turbidity. [email protected] Ref. No PARAMETER 39 Acidification 1.6.3 43 Currents 1.6.3, 7.2.2 46 Ice cover 1.6.3 48 Mixing characteristics 1.6.3 50 Oxygen 1.6.3, 5.3.2 51 Residence time 1.6.3 52 Salinity 1.6.3 60 Temperature 1.6.3 61 Turbidity 1.6.3, 5.2.2 62 Underwater noise 11.1.1, 11.2.1 63 Upwelling 1.6.3 64 Wave exposure 1.6.3 MSFD indicator [email protected] Ref. num. WFD PARAMETER Relevant MSFD parameter of Annex III Relevant MSFD indicator 22 Acidification 39 1.6.3 26 Oxygenation 50 5.3.2, 1.6.3 30 Conductivity 32 Direction of Dominant Currents 43 1.6.3 34 pH 39 1.6.3 35 Salinity 52 1.6.3 36 Temperature 60 1.6.3 37 Transparency 61 1.6.3, 5.2.2 38 Residence Time 51 1.6.3 1.6.3 [email protected] 6. EMODnet Physics • recommendations for future development of the thematic portal in the next phase – new providers and new/more data (e.g. underwater noise, ship opportunity, mammals… ) – a continuous data flow from Near Real Time to validation – improving interoperability layers (e.g. extend THREDDS and OGC catalogues) and services (dashboard, tracking and reporting tools) – wider audience (e.g. new data plots, single parameters download …) – more basic products (e.g. annual seasonal averages…) – ready to ingest and store data from past projects, organizations outside main networks – Real Time data and big data visualization – easier direct interaction between providers and users 7. EMODnet Human Activities Born in late 2013, Human Activities is the ‘youngest member of the EMODnet family’ It aims to become the main entry point for spatial data on marine and maritime activities in the EU We don’t collect new data! We collate existing information, harmonise it and make it available under interoperable formats 7. EMODnet Human Activities 7. EMODnet Human Activities How long did it take you to find out how many oil and gas wells have been drilled in EU waters? 7. EMODnet Human Activities 7. EMODnet Human Activities Key challenges • Lots of people advocate data sharing, not that many actually share it • Harmonising data from different sources is a time consuming activity • Poor coverage of some countries / data themes Recommendations for the next phase • Improve current coverage • Oceans have no boundaries: extend data collection to non-EU neighbouring countries • Include Maritime Spatial Plans • Liaise with INSPIRE