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Name Lesson 2 Summary Use with pp. 362–365 Lesson 2: How does energy change form? Changing Forms of Energy Ways That Energy Travels Energy can change from one form into another. For example, living things store potential energy as chemical energy. Chemical energy in your body changes to mechanical energy and heat energy as you move. Potential energy can also change into the forms listed below: • Chemical energy This energy holds particles of matter together. Food and fuel contain chemical energy. • Mechanical energy This is the energy of moving objects. Moving parts in machines use kinetic energy. Your body also uses mechanical energy when it moves. • Electrical energy This energy can pass through wires made of special metal. We use this energy to power many machines. • Light energy We see the Sun’s energy as light. Plants use light energy to make food. • Thermal energy This form of energy makes particles move faster. We feel thermal energy as heat. Energy can travel from one place to another. A moving object carries energy. For example, you can feel the energy a moving ball is carrying when you catch it. Energy can also travel as waves. Look at the rope on page 365 in your textbook. A person is moving the rope from side to side. This makes energy move along the rope in waves. Light energy and kinetic energy move in waves. Energy in water moves in waves. These waves can be small. Waves caused by hurricanes can be huge. The size of a wave depends on how much energy it carries. Waves lose strength as they move away from their source. When you turn on a light, this helps change electrical energy to light energy. The light bulb will get hot. This is because some of the electrical energy changes to heat energy. Energy cannot change completely from one form to another. Some energy is given off as heat. People also use machines to change forms of energy. An electric toothbrush can change chemical energy into electrical energy. It changes electrical energy to mechanical energy when the toothbrush is turned on. 84 Chapter 13, Lesson 2 Summary You can measure the amount of energy that a wave carries. One way you can do this is by measuring the width of a wave. The width is the distance between the bottom of the wave to the top of the wave. The bottom of a wave is called a trough. The top of a wave is called a crest. Wide waves have lots of energy. Thin waves have less energy. You can also measure the length of an energy wave. The length of a wave is the distance from the top of one crest to the top of the next crest. Shorter waves have lots of energy. Longer waves have less energy. © Pearson Education, Inc. 3 Using Energy Parts of a Wave Quick Study Name Lesson 2 Checkpoint Use with pp. 362–365 Lesson 2 Checkpoint 1. What form of energy do living things change into mechanical energy and thermal energy? 2. Name two types of energy that travel in waves. 3. What happens to energy as it travels away from the source? Main Idea and Details Read the first paragraph under “Parts of a Wave.” Use a graphic organizer. What is the main idea? What are the supporting details? © Pearson Education, Inc. 3 4. Quick Study Chapter 13, Lesson 2 Checkpoint 85