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Metabolism
Osmoregulation
And
And Excretion
Photosynthesis
Chemistry
and Cells
Evolution
Genetics
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This functional group
usually acts like an acid
What is a carboxyl group?
Or
What is a carboxylic acid?
Examples of this
carbohydrate include
starch, glycogen, cellulose,
and chitin
What is a polysaccharide?
A reaction that breaks
down compounds by the
addition of H2O
What is a hydrolysis
reaction?
A double-membrane
organelle that hosts cell
respiration
What is a mitochondrion?
The diffusion of particles
across a selectively
permeable membrane with
the assistance of the
membrane’s transport
proteins
What is facilitated diffusion?
Its three conditions include
genetic variation, genetic
heritability, and differential
reproductive success
What is natural selection?
A change in allele
frequencies that is due to
chance events
What is genetic drift?
A condition in which an
individual has more than the
normal number of sets of
chromosomes
What is polyploidy?
Traits similar between
organisms that arose from a
common ancestor
What are homologous
characters?
A case where individuals who
carry both alleles have more
relative fitness than other
individuals who are
homozygous
What is heterozygote
Advantage?
An enzyme that attaches to a
primer on a parent DNA
strand and connects
nucleotides
What is DNA polymerase?
The process of splicing out
introns and “gluing” together
exons, adding a 3’ poly-A tail,
and adding a 5’ cap
What is RNA processing?
Carries the enzyme reverse
transcriptase (e.g.: HIV)
What is a retrovirus?
A nitrogenous base that
contain a double-ring
structure; Includes adenine
and guanine
What is a purine?
Produces large quantities of
DNA sequences in a short
amount of time
What is the Polymerase
Chain Reaction (PCR)?
The conversion of 1 glucose
molecule into 2 pyruvate, 2
ATP, and 2 NADH
What is glycolysis?
A product of the Electron
Transport Chain that creates
electrochemical potential
across a membrane
What is an electrochemical
gradient?
Or
What is a proton gradient?
Process that regenerates
NAD+ so glycolysis can
begin again; occurs in the
absence of oxygen
What is fermentation?
An enzyme that catalyzes the
first step of the Calvin cycle in
C3 plants
What is rubisco?
Process by which oxygen
competes with carbon dioxide
and attaches to RuBP
What is photorespiration?
The measure of solute
concentration
What is osmolarity?
A part of a nephron that is
freely permeable to NaCl but
not water; assists in control of
salt concentration
What is the ascending loop
on Henle?
A hormone that increases the
reabsorption of more Na+
and water to increase blood
volume and pressure
What is aldosterone?
This hormone released by
the hypothalamus increases
water permeability of the
distal tube and collecting
duct
What is antidiuretic
hormone?
This hormone inhibits salt
reabsorption by inhibiting
the release of aldosterone
What is atrial natriuretic
peptide?
Make your wager
Category:
Osmoregulation
Patients with high blood
pressure can take medication
that inhibits this enzyme
from converting Angiotensin
I to Angiotensin II
What is AngiotensinConverting Enzyme (ACE)?