Download Prevention of Disease

Disease Unit: Microorganisms
Microbe- a living organism that is so small it can only be seen with a _________________________
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Another word for _____________________________________
Usually _____________________________ (made of only 1 cell)
Many different ________________________
Carry out ________________________________________ in a wide variety of ways
Live in every type of ___________________________________ on Earth
There are many different types of microbes, including…
Fungi
 Defined as: Any of a group of _______________-producing organisms “feeding” on
________________ matter
o Examples: __________________, molds, & mushrooms
 Living
o Unicellular or _________________________________________
o ______________________________ shapes
o Some are ________________________ & cause disease
o Some are ________________________ & cure disease and break down decaying material
 Spread-- How does this organism ______________________ other organisms?
o Enters the body in multiple ways: ____________________, inhalation, contaminated
__________, etc.
 For example: Aspergillus spores are breathed in and Fungal Meningitis is
injected with steroid shots
 Examples: ___________________________; Ring Worm; Skin, Hair, Nail, Eye, Lung Infections;
Yeast Infection
 Prevention of Disease
o ___________________ skin injuries
o Wear a __________________ and/or gloves when working in damp and dusty areas
o Proper ____________________________
Parasites
o Defined as: An organism that lives _____________________ another organism (its _________)
and benefits by taking _______________________ from the host (harms the host)
 Living
o __________________________ or Multicellular
o Multiple shapes
o ______________________________ & cause disease
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o ___________________________: the cells of the host organism. Parasites must infect the host
cell to _____________________________________
Energy
o Most “use” the host to obtain energy through ___________________________________________
o Some ______________________ obtain energy through _______________________________
Spread-- How does this organism infect other organisms?
o Enters the body through ________________________________ food
 Protozoa (single celled organisms) and helminthes (flatworms, roundworms,
etc.)
o Enters the body through __________________: Fleas, ticks, mosquitos, etc.
o Enters the body through contaminated _____________________________________
Examples: _________________________ (mosquitos), Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and
_________________________________ (ticks), Tapeworms
Prevention of Disease
o Proper hand _______________________ and hygiene, proper _______________________ of water,
proper handling of _______________________, etc.
o Preventative ______________________________ to kill the parasite and treat the infection
Bacteria
 Defined as: Single-celled (unicellular) organisms that have no _________________________.
 Living
o ___________________________
o Multiple shapes (________ main categories)
o Some are ______________________ & cause disease
o Some are helpful & _______________ disease and _______________ down decaying material
 How it gets Energy
o Some bacteria can make their own energy through ______________________________
o Some bacteria must gain energy through ___________________ other organisms (cellular
respiration)
 Spread-- How does this organism infect other organisms?
o Contaminated ___________________
o Contaminated ___________________
o Contaminated ___________________
o ________________ with other organisms, etc.
 Examples: ____________________________, Staph Infection, ____________________________________
 Treatment-- ________________________________ only effective at _________________________ bacterial
infections (must be prescribed by a doctor)
 Prevention of Disease
o Proper hand washing & ______________________________
o Proper handling of ________________________
o Cover your mouth when you _______________________, etc.
 Different Shapes—bacteria come in three basic shapes
o Spirilla- Means ________________________; Ex: _________________________________________________
o Cocci (Coccus)- Means ___________________; Ex: _____________________________________________
o Bacillus- Means ____________________________; Ex: ____________________________________________
Virus
 Defined as: ___________________________ substance that has to inject its ______________________
material into a living ________________ cell in order to ________________________________.
o Non-Living
o Unicellular
o Much _____________________ than bacteria
o Multiple __________________________
o Harmful & cause ____________________
 Energy
o Must “use” the host cell to obtain energy
 Spread-- How does this organism infect other organisms?
o A virus must infect the host cell to replicate
o Viruses can enter the body through ___________________________, inhalation, and injection
 Examples
o ________________________ (the Flu), AIDS, _____________________________, H1N1 (Swine Flu),
________________________________________
 Treatment of Disease
o Rest
o Some _____________________________ medications are available
o Prevention
 Prevention of Disease
o Proper ______________________________
o Proper _____________________ washing
o _______________________________________