Download Algae for Wastewater Treatment

Algae for Wastewater
Treatment
Jeffrey Yau
Background
As production of
corn biofuel
increases, more
fertilizer run-off
will contaminate
country’s streams
and rivers
(Cimitile, 09)

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Runoff_of_soil_&
_fertilizer.jpg
“Dead Zones”
Image of U.S. Coast Line
(Mississippi River Delta)
http://infranetlab.org/blog/wpcontent/uploads/2008/08/08_08_14_dead_zones_aerials.jpg
•Teal color represents hypoxia
Fertilizer runoff releases
large amounts
of pollutants
into water
systems, such as
nitrates
(Biello, 08)

Select Hypoxia Chart of Mississippi
River Delta
http://www.bu.edu/sjmag/scimag2008/images/dead%20zone.jpg
Knowledge Base
http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/pollution/media/pol03d_700.jpg
http://www.swcd.co.trumbull.oh.us/water%20pollution/water_11.jpg
•As more meat is being consumed, animal waste in mid-west
farms accumulate rapidly, posing as a direct threat to the
environment.
Nitrogen Cycle
http://www.uwsp.edu/geO/faculty/ritter/geog101/textbook/earth_system/nitrogen_cycle_EPA.jpg
Denitrification
Occurs in
waterlogged soils
and in natural waters
deficient in oxygen
 Involves reduction
of nitrate to
nitrogen gas and
nitrous oxide
(Madigan; et al., 97)

http://generalhorticulture.tamu.edu/lectsupl/Nutrient/p79f1.gif
Optimization of the biological treatment of
hypersaline wastewater from Dunaliella salina
cartenogenesis
Enhanced Dunaliella salina’s
ability to treat hypersaline
wastewater.
 Outcome: supplementation
of phosphate, ammonium,
potassium, and magnesium
increased organic matter
removal.
(Santos; et al, 01)

http://www.zoniereport.com/wpcontent/uploads/2008/10/450px-river_algae_sichuan.jpg
Polar Cyanobacteria versus Green
Algae
Purpose: To find potential
cyanobacteria to be used in
outdoor waste-water
treatment systems
 Primary comparison
between Phormidium sp.
(E18) and Chlorococcalean
assemblage.
(Tang; et al, 97)

http://www.algae.wur.nl/NR/rdonlyres/6A0DA826-6CE3-435B-A7CB5FAB5C1289CE/79631/Copyofalgensysteemgroot.jpg
Model Organism: Dunaliella salina
A red microalgae
 Red tint due to
presence of
bacterioruberin
 A halophilic organism
(Santos; et al, 01)

https://www.biomedia.cellbiology.ubc.ca/cellbiol/media/images/lrg625/115
5132279_L_Grassmere-(Dunaliella_salina)-8178_2-2-Apr_19-06.jpg
Wastewater
Treatment: Bacteria

One example of
conventional
wastewater
treatment process
http://www.epcor.ca/SiteCollectionImages/Water/images/water%20tr
eatment%20plants/okotoks_wwtp_process.jpg
Wastewater Treatment: Algae System
http://images.vertmarkets.com/crlive/files/images/3464d9ad-4446-4dc7-87c1-4f6b520abb0c/oldcastle-precast-schematic.jpg
Project Description


Dunaliella salina can be obtained from biological
vendor. (Carolina)
Ion supplementation and wastewater can be
obtained in lab.
http://www.nefco.org/files/images/_MG_8389.preview.jpg
Bibliography
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Biello, David. “Fertilizer Runoff Overwhelms Streams and Rivers – Creating Vast ‘Dead Zones’”. Scientific American.
March 14, 2008.
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“Carbon Dioxide Snatched from the Air.” Science Daily. April 21, 2009.
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“Genome Sequencing Reveals Key to Viable Ethanol Production.” Science Daily. March 5, 2007.
Hammouda, O; et al. “Microalgae and Wastewater Treatment.” Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. Vol. 31, Pgs. 205210., August 1995.
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carotenogenesis.” Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology. Vol. 76, Pgs. 1147-1153., September 13, 2001.
Tang, Evonne P.Y.; et al. “Polar cyanobacteria versus green algae for tertiary waste water treatment in cool climates.”
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“Tiny Super-Plant Can Clean Up Animal Waste and be used for Ethanol Production.” Science Daily. April 13, 2009.
Zhu, Yue-Hui; Jiang, Jian-Guo. “Continuous cultivation of Dunaliella salina in photobioreactor for the production of βcarotene.” Eur Food Res Technol. Vol. 227, Pgs. 953-959., 2008.