Download Age of Exploration - CatawbaSocialStudies

Use Power Point to take Funky
Notes
Directions
 Funky notes are colorful and creative and stick out in
your memory! You do not want them to be boring! Use
colored pencils, highlighters, markers, pens, or creative
writing. You can draw cartoons to go with your notes to
help them stand out in your memory.

Note: these notes are very important! They are a
grade, and you will need them for your test and
culminating project for the Explorers Unit.
Objectives
Competency Goals: 7.h.2.1 analyze the
effects of social, economic, military and
political conflict among nations, regions,
and groups (e.g. war, genocide,
imperialism and colonization).
Essential Question
 How
did exploration change world
cultures?
Use a map and find out where
Europe is located:
Instruments for measuring Altitude of
Objects above the Horizon
Captain John Davis invented the Davis
quadrant, an improved back-staff, in 1594.
 Isaac Newton invented the reflecting
quadrant in 1699.
 John Hadley and Thomas Godfrey
independently developed the octant in
1730.
 The first sextant was produced by John
Bird in 1759.

Life on the Sea

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A sailors day was divided into four-hour work
schedules called watches.
Duties included tending sails, maintaining the ship,
sweeping the deck, and filling leaks in the hull with
“oakum,” fibers of the old rope covered with tar.
When not on watch, sailors could sleep, eat, or have
entertainment.
Sleeping quarters were small, crowded spaces
between decks, about three feet high with
hammocks slung between beams. Candles and
lanterns were prohibited. Sleeping quarters were
opened to the air twice a day, except during storms.
Sailors slept fully clothed in order to be able to
respond immediately to any emergency.
Why Explore?
*Crusades and journeys of Marco Polo
exposed Europeans to new
technologies, products, and culture
Spices: nutmeg, cinnamon, ginger,
pepper
 Silk
 Opium: medical and “recreational” use

The Ottoman Empire

Europeans couldn’t travel across land
because the Ottoman Empire would
attack them.
The Portuguese
First to explore the western coast of
Africa
 Looked for a route around Africa to Asia

Exploration and Hard Times

Europeans had a hard time travelling
east because of the Ottoman Empire
Two Main Players in Early
Exploration
Portugal
 Spain

Africa to India

This established major trade route
Christopher Columbus
Italian man
 Looked west for route to Asia
 Was given money by King Ferdinand
and Queen Isabella from Spain.
 Discovered land in 1492, but it wasn’t
Asia.

Columbus Needed Money for
Expedition
Columbus first presented his planned expedition in 1485 to John II,
king of Portugal, but the king refused to finance it.
 The king and queen of Spain, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I
of Castile, agreed to fund Columbus’ expedition in 1492.

Ferdinand Magellan

Magellan's expedition of 1519–1522
became the first expedition to sail from the
Atlantic Ocean into the Pacific Ocean (then
named "peaceful sea" by Magellan; the
passage being made via the Strait of
Magellan), and the first to cross the Pacific.
It also completed the first circumnavigation
of the Earth, although Magellan himself did
not complete the entire voyage, being
killed during the Battle of Mactan in the
Philippines. (For background see
Exploration of the Pacific.)
Food for the Journey

Magellan’s fleet began the expedition
with: 213,800 lbs. of biscuits, 72,000 lbs.
of salted beef, 57,000 lbs. of salted pork,
984 lbs. of cheese, 5,600 lbs. of beans,
and 10,080 lbs. of chickpeas (garbanzo
beans)
Prince Henry
Son of Portuguese King
 Dazzled by dreams of ocean exploration
and East Asia
 Established a navigation school

Ponce de Leon
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First to land on the mainland of North America
Looking for “fountain of youth”
Sailed for Spain
Established St. Augustine, Florida
Vasco de Gama
First to sail around Africa to India
(27,000 miles)
 Obtained valuable goods from India

Cape of Good Hope

The Cape of Good Hope is a rocky
headland on the Atlantic coast of the
Cape Peninsula, South Africa.
Coronado
Looking for fabled seven cities of gold
 Explored present-day Arizona and New
Mexico

Hernando Cortes
Explored MEXICO
 Conquered Aztec civilization

Hernando Cortes
Spanish Conquistador
 Conquered Aztec emperor Montezuma
 Found gold
 Claimed Mexico for Spain (1519-1521)
 “Discovered” Tenochtitlan

Balboa



Spanish Explorer
Claimed Pacific Ocean and adjoining lands for Spain
First to cross the Isthmus of Panama
Pizzaro
Conquered the Incan Empire
 Sailed for Spain

Amerigo Vespucci
Amerigo Vespucci
 America was named after him
 Recruited by Spain

Check over all Funky Notes:
You will use notes to study for test
 You will use notes to complete
Explorer’s Comic Strip Project

Study All Funky Notes when
finished taking notes

Test Tuesday October 2nd 2012
How to prepare for test:
Study funky notes!!!!!!!!