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CV-2016
1- Mohammad Y. Gharaibeh, Karem H Alzoubi, Omar F. Khabour, Lubna Tinawi, Rawan
Hamad, Esraa F. Keewan, Sulaiman K. Matarnehb, Mahmoud A. Alomari
Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among University Students: The Gender Factor
Cadiol Res. Volume 3, number 4, Aug 2012, 172-179.
Abstract:
Background: Evidence indicates that the pathophysiological process of cardiovascular
(CV) disease begins at early age, though the manifestations of the disease do not appear
until middle age adulthood. Risk factors for CV disease, particularly lipoprotein profiles,
are affected by physiological abnormalities, and lifestyle related issues. To evaluate
prevalence of CV diseases risk factors among university students and to investigate
relation between number of risk factors and body anthropometric, hematological and
biochemical indices parameters.
Methods: In this cross sectional study, 348 students were randomly recruited. Blood
glucose, cholesterol profile (total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol), and triglyceride were
measured using standard protocols. Physical activity (PA) level was assessed using the
short-form Arabic version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ).
Results: The most commonly encountered CV disease risk factor was low levels of HDL-C,
followed by physical inactivity, high levels TG, and obese BMI. When stratified by gender,
females were less likely to have low HDL-C, and high TG, whereas, males were more likely
to have overweight or obese BMI (P < 0.001). About 49% of the participants had at least
one CV disease risk factor, whereas the prevalence of having one, two and three or more
CV disease risk factors were 35.7%, 9.3% and 4%, respectively. Additionally, the number
of CV disease risk factors showed strong positive correlation with increases in body fat
and bone percentages, glucose, total cholesterol, TG, LDL-C, BMI, and WHR (range of
R2: 0.17 to 0.603). On the other hand, physical activity, percentages of body water and
muscle, HDL-C showed inverse strong correlation with cardiovascular risk factors (range
of R2: -0.239 to -0.412).
Conclusions: Results indicate the high prevalence of CV disease risk factors among
university students, and stress the need for early intervention programs to counteract
these risks.
2-Khabour OF, Mesmar FS, Alatoum MA, Gharaibeh MY, Alzoubi KH. Associations of
polymorphisms in adiponectin and leptin genes with men's longevity. (2010) Aging Male.
13(3):188-9311
Abstract:
Adipokines are important for regulation body metabolism and immune response. Many
studies have shown that variants in Adipokines genes play a role in age-associated
diseases. In this study, we investigated the contribution of rs266729 (-11377G/C),
rs2241766 (+45T/G), and rs1501299 (+276 G/T) SNPs of adiponectin gene (ADIPQO) and
rs7799039 (-2548C/A) SNP of leptin (LEP) gene to human longevity phenotype in
Jordanian population. Polymorphisms were genotyped in 110 randomly selected elderly
subjects (>85 years old) with mean age of 90.2 years, and 120 young control subjects
(range from 20 to 50 years) with mean age of 32.0 years. No significant differences were
detected in the genotype and allele frequencies of examined gene variants between the
two groups (p > 0.05). However, when gender was considered, genotypes and alleles
frequencies of rs1501299 SNP in ADIPOQ gene and rs7799039 in LEP gene were
significantly associated with longevity in men (p < 0.02) but not in women (p > 0.05).
Thus, ADIPOQ and LEP genes polymorphisms might play a gender-specific role in the
pathway to men's longevity.
3-Gharaibeh MY, Altawallbeh GM, Abboud MM, Radaideh A, Alhader, AA, Khabour OF.
Correlation of plasma resistin with obesity and insulin resistance
in type 2 diabetic patients. (2010) Diabe Metabo. 36(6 Pt 1):443-9
Abstract:
serum resistin levels were higher in type 2 diabetic patients compared with the controls
(P<0.01). Markers of adiposity [body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC)]
and insulin resistance, as well as fasting blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin, urea and
blood pressure were considerably higher among the studied diabetics than in the
controls. When diabetic patients were subdivided into age-group categories of 10-year
intervals, resistin levels significantly increased with increased age, with a significant
proportion in the group aged>60 years (P<0.01). Similarly, there was a significant
association between plasma resistin and blood urea with growing older in diabetic
patients. Pearson's analysis revealed positive correlations between plasma resistin and
age, urea, creatinine, insulin, BMI, WC, body-fat content and homoeostasis model
assessment (HOMA). Furthermore, plasma resistin concentrations were higher in type 2
diabetic obese patients than in non-diabetic obese subjects (P<0.01), whereas no such
difference was found between overweight and normal-weight controls.
CONCLUSION:
These results suggest that variations in resistin concentrations are not directly related to
susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. However, it may be that resistin plays a role in the
pathogenesis of obesity and insulin resistance, both of which could, indirectly, contribute
to the development of type 2 diabetes.
4-Gharaibeh MY, Gahtan RA, Khabour, OF, Alomari, MA. Hyperhomocysteinemia, low
folate, and vitamin B12 deficiency in elderly living at home and care residences: a
comparative study. (2010) Labmedicine, 41 (7): 410-414.
Abstract:
Background: Serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy), folate, and vitamin B-12 in healthy
elderly persons living at home (EH) and care residences (ER) were evaluated in subjects
from Jordan. Methods: Homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 serum levels were
measured using commercially available kits. Results: The prevalence of
hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) was 55% in the ER, 22% in the EH, and 8% in the young.
Vitamin B-12 deficiency was prevalent in 34% of the elderly groups compared to 9% in
the young group. Similarly, the folate deficiency prevalence was 55% and 23% in the ER
and EH respectively, whereas it was 13% in the young group. Homocysteine
concentration negatively correlated with vitamin B-12 in EH males and females, while it
negatively correlated with folate in the EH and the young of both genders. Conclusion:
Hyperhomocysteinemia and low folate was more prevalent in the ER than in the EH and
younger individuals.
5-Banihani SA, Makahleh SM, El-Akawi Z, Al-Fashtaki RA, Khabour OF, Gharaibeh MY,
Saadah NA, Al-Hashimi FH, Al-Khasieb NJ.,
"Fresh pomegranate juice ameliorates insulin resistance, enhances B-cell function
, and decreases fasting serum glucose in type 2 diabetic patients.,"
Nutrition research, vol. 34, no. 10, pp. 862-867, 2014.
Although the effects of pomegranate juice (PJ) on type 2 diabetic (T2D) conditions have
been reported, a clinical study focusing on the short-term effects on different diabetic
variables is still needed. We hypothesized that PJ consumption by T2D patients could
reduce their insulin-resistant state and decrease their fasting serum glucose (FSG) levels,
3 hours after juice ingestion. This study demonstrated the direct effect of fresh PJ on FSG
and insulin levels in T2D patients. Blood samples from 85 participants with type 2
diabetes were collected after a 12-hour fast, then 1 and 3 hours after administration of
1.5 mL of PJ, per kg body weight. Serum glucose was measured based on standard
methods using the BS-200 Chemistry Analyzer (Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical
Electronics Co Ltd, Shenzhen, China). Commercially available immunoassay kits were
used to measure human insulin. Generally, the results demonstrated decreased FSG,
increased β-cell function, and decreased insulin resistance among T2D participants, 3
hours after PJ administration (P < .05). This hypoglycemic response depended on initial
FSG levels, as participants with lower FSG levels (7.1-8.7 mmol/L) demonstrated a greater
hypoglycemic response (P < .05) compared with those who had higher FSG levels (8.815.8 mmol/L). The effect of PJ was also not affected by the sex of the patient and was
less potent in elderly patients. In conclusion, this work offers some encouragement for
T2D patients regarding PJ consumption as an additional contribution to control glucose
levels.
6-Gharaibeh MY, Batayneh S, Khabour OF, Daoud, A. Association between
polymorphisms of the DBH and DAT1 genes and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in
children from Jordan. (2010) Expe Therap Med 1 (3): 701-705.
Abstract:
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common
neuropsychiatric disorders in children. In this study, the association between 10-repeats
in the DAT1 gene and the (GT)n repeat in the DBH gene and ADHD was examined in
children from Jordan. In addition, the levels of dopamine-β-hydroxylase enzyme activity
in the plasma of ADHD children were evaluated. Fifty children with ADHD and 50 ageand gender-matched control subjects were recruited. The results showed significant
differences between the ADHD group and controls with respect to the plasma levels of
dopamine-β-hydroxylase enzyme activity (25.4±2.3 vs. 84.7±5.0 umol/min; p<0.01).
Moreover, the 10-repeat DAT1 gene and (GT)n DBH gene polymorphisms were
significantly associated with ADHD development (p<0.05). In conclusion, the DBH and
DAT1 genes appear to play a role in the development of ADHD in the Jordanian
population.
7-Gharaibeh Y Mohammad, Omar F Khabour, Karem Alzoubi Assay of Serum DopamineB-Hydroxylase activity Photometrically using batch adsorption chromatograph .2011, IJIB,
Vol.12, No.1,11-14
Abstract:
Dopamine-ß-Hydroxylase (DBH) is an oxidase enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of
dopamine to norepinephrine. Serum DBH level is suggested to be a useful measure of the
function of the sympathetic nervous system. The enzymatic activity of DBH is measured
by its action upon Tyramine. The product is determined by different techniques including
colorimeter, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and radioimmunoassay
(RIA). However, these techniques are time consuming especially when dealing with a
large number of samples. In the present study, we modified the colorimetric DBH assay
by utilizing batch adsorption method instead of ion exchange column chromatography
that is used in the classical technique. The results showed that the new method is
sensitive, reliable and require less time in assaying DBH activity. The new method was
used to assay enzyme activity in normal children and those suffering from attention
deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Significant differences were observed in the
level of DBH between the two groups, which is typical for ADHD. Thus, the new assay is a
valid method for measuring serum DBH activity.
8-Lack of Association between Polymorphisms of Hepatic Lipase with Lipid Profile in
Young
Jordanian Adults. Omar F. Khabour1, Mahmoud A. Alomari2, Karem H. Alzoubi3,
Mohammad Y Gharaibeh and Farah H. Alhashimi1, Lipid Insights 2014:7
Abstract:
The human hepatic lipase (LIPC) gene encodes hepatic lipase, an enzyme involved in
lipoprotein metabolism and regulation. Therefore, variants in LIPC gene may influence
plasma lipoprotein levels. In this study, the association of LIPC C-514T and G-250A
polymorphisms with plasma lipid profiles in 348 young Jordanians was investigated.
Genotyping of C-514T and G-250A was performed by polymerase chain reaction and
subsequent digestion with DraI and NiaIII restriction enzymes, respectively, while Roche
analyzer was used to determine plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-and highdensity lipoprotein. The G-250 and C-514 alleles were most abundant in Jordanians with
79 and 80% frequencies, respectively. Additionally, no difference was found in the lipid–
lipoprotein profile between the different genotype groups of C-514T or G-250A
polymorphisms, even when males and females were examined separately (P > 0.05). In
young Jordanian adults, the examined LIPC polymorphisms seem to play a limited role in
determining the lipid profile.
9- Mohammad Younis Gharaibeh, Karem Hasan Alzoubi, Omar Falah Khabour, Yousef
Saleh Matarneh. Khader, Mamoun Abd allah Gharaibeh and Sulaiman Khalid, Lead
exposure among five distinct occupational groups: a comparative study.
Pak.Pharm 2014 Jan 27(1) 39-43
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate blood lead concentration among five selected
occupational groups. The five groups were: hospital health workers, shop workers, taxi
drivers, automobiles mechanics, and wood workers. The groups did not significantly
differ among each other in the average of age and work years. ANOVA test revealed
significantly higher mean lead blood concentration in taxi drivers, automechanics, and
wood workers compared to other groups. Additionally, workers with lead concentration
>0.483 umol/L (10μg/dL) were more likely to have frequent muscle pain compared to
those with lower concentrations. No association between other symptoms of lead
exposure/toxicity and blood lead concentration was detected. In conclusion, special
attention must be directed toward lead blood levels and lead poisoning symptoms when
examining patients from certain occupational groups such as taxi drivers, automechanics,
and wood workers. Special safety precautions and educational programs are also needed
to limit the lead exposure in these occupational groups.
10-Latif, A. Gharaibeh, M. AL-Qassab, H. Sartawi, O. Changes in serum lipids and
electrolytes in type II diabetes mellitus during Ramadan. (1993)
Saudi Med Journal 14 (532 -535)
Abstract
Our objectives were to study the effect of 1 month of religious fasting (Ramadan) on
serum lipids and electrolyte profiles in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes
mellitus (NIDDM) in the outpatient department in a teaching district general hospital in
North Jordan. We found that blood glucose and total cholesterol levels did not change
significantly during Ramadan compared with the pre-fasting period (mean decrease of
0.33 mmol/l and 0.23 mmol/l respectively). However, a statistically significant decrease
in serum triglycerides and increase in serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL
cholesterol) occurred during the same period (mean of 0.49 mmol/l and 0.13 mmol/l
respectively). Serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol) decreased in
the same period (mean of 0.16 mmol/l)
11-Mahmoud A. Alomari, Omar F. Khabour, Mohammad Y. Gharaibeh &
Redha A. Qhatan , Effect of physical activity on levels of homocysteine, folate, and
vitamin B12 in the elderly"
The Physician and Sportsmedicine Volume 44, Issue 1, 2016 pages 68-73
Abstract:
Homocysteine (Hcy) has emerged as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD).
However, the relationship of physical activity (PA) with Hcy levels in the elderly is
controversial. Accordingly, the current study examined the effect of low and high
participation in PA on serum Hcy in young (n = 77; 18–50 years) and old (n = 207; >
65 years) males (n = 141) and females (n = 142). Methods: Level of PA was obtained in a
1-to-1 interview and participants divided into low and high groups. Serum Hcy, folate,
and vitamin B12 were obtained after 12 hours fast drawn by venipuncture. Results: Levels
of Hcy correlated with folate (r = −0. 5; p = 0.000) and vitamin B12 (r = −0.3; p = 0.000).
The ANOVA revealed a main effect of PA for Hcy (p = 0.04) but not for folate (p = 0.2) and
vitamin B12 (p = 0.2). Main effects were found also of age for Hcy (p = 0.000) and folate
(p = 0.005) as well as of gender for Hcy (p = 0.000) and vitamin B12 (p = 0.000).
Subsequent ANCOVA showed lower levels of Hcy in the participants with greater versus
lower PA even after controlling for B12 vitamin. Conclusion: These results confirm the
importance of the vitamins for regulating Hcy levels. Additionally, the data suggests that
PA affects Hcy levels without affecting and independent of B vitamins in the elderly.
12-Bashir, N, El-Migdadi, F, Hasan, Z. Al-Hader, A-A, Wezermers, I., and Gharaibeh, M,
Acute effects of exercise at low altitude (350 meters below sea level) on hormones of the
anterior pituitary & cortisol in athletes. (1996) Endocrine Research, 22 (3), 289-298
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise on anterior pituitary
hormones (adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and growth
hormone) as well as on cortisol at low altitude (350 meters below the sea level) and to
compare these effects with those at a moderate level altitude (620 meters above the sea
level). Ten male athletes with running experience participated in a 21-Km competitive
race. Serum levels of ACTH, LH, growth hormone and cortisol were measured before and
after the race at each of the altitudes. A significant increase in the serum levels of ACTH
and growth hormone were observed in response to this exercise at low altitude. Similar
exercise at 620 meters above the sea level resulted in a significant increase only in the
serum levels of growth hormone. Serum levels of LH were not affected by this kind of
exercise at both altitudes. Serum cortisol levels were increased following exercise at both
altitudes. Altogether, these observations show a differential response of the anterior
pituitary to exercise at low and normal altitudes. These data suggest that ACTH may have
a role in the acclimatization to exercise at low altitudes. The role of growth hormone and
LH in this conditioning process seems to be insignificant. The changes in serum cortisol
levels in response to exercise at both altitudes correlate well with the effect of exercise
on energy metabolism.
13-Adnan M. Massadeh, Wail A. Hayajneh, Abdullah Shorman, Mohammad Y.
Gharaibeh & Moh'd Mohanad A. Al-Dabet. Correlation between lead and iron in children
injordan,2013, Toxicological&Enviromental chemistry.Vol.95, No.7, 1244-1255.
Abstract:
A total of 200 Jordanian children were classified into two groups: 100 Fe replete and 100
Fe deficient with ages ranging between 3.0 and 12.0 years (6.9 ± 2.7 years). All
participants were chosen according to proper selection criteria followed by the sample
collection: the samples were analyzed for hemoglobin and red blood cells; ferritin, an
immunoassays-based instrument; and levels of Pb, Cu, and Zn. There were no significant
differences between genders regarding Fe-deficiency (p = 0.57 and χ2 = 0.33), with a
significant association of younger individuals (3.0–9.1 years) with Fe-deficiency (p < 0.05
and χ2 = 22.7).
In addition, there is a significant positive correlation between Fe-deficiency with blood
levels of Pb, Cu, and Zn (p < 0.05), (r = 0.43, 0.35, and 0.42, respectively) as compared to
control group, this finding supported, by comparing the levels of the examined metals in
both groups, in individuals whom close to heavy metals source (highway traffic or oil gas
station), and found that the mean of the heavy metals level in close Fe-deficient group
higher than in close Fe-replete group.
14- Khalid Talafih, Abdelrahim A. Hunaiti, Nayef Gharaibeh, Mohammad Gharaibeh,
Saied Jaradat. The prevalence of hemoglobin S and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
deficiency in Jordanian newborn. (1996) J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 1'01. 22, No. 5: 41 7420
The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of HbS and glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in Jordanian newborn.
STUDY DESIGN:
A total of 181 male and female babies born at Princess Basma Teaching Hospital,
randomly selected, and cord blood samples were collected, and the erythrocyte G6PD
activity was measured, and the hemoglobin electrophoresis for blood lysate was
conducted and scanned for HbS scanning.
RESULTS:
The frequencies of two major red cell genetic defects, sickle hemoglobin (HbS) and
deficiency G6PD was determined, of the studied subjects 10 (11%) females and 11 (12%)
males were found to be deficient in the G6PD gene. The frequency of HbS carriers among
the females was 4% while it was 6% among males. The coincidence of both G6PD
deficiency and sickle cell hemoglobin in the samples was 1%. No coincidence was found
between G6PD deficiency and hyperbilirubinemia.
CONCLUSION:
A better understanding of the distributions of these genetic disorders has the potential
to aid in the more efficient utilization of health care resources and improved planning.
15- Gharaibeh, N. Talafih, K. Gharaibeh, M, A comparative analysis of osmotic fragility of
mammalian blood (human, camel and rabbit. (1993) Indian J. Anim. Sci. 63(942-945)
Abstract:
Osmotic fragility and the haemoglobin types were studied in human, camel and rabbit
red cells. The response of camel erythrocytes to osmotic shock was different from that of
humans and rabbits. The median corpuscular fragility of camel erythrocytes was
significantly lower than that of humans and rabbits. Haemoglobin electrophoresis of
human, camel, and rabbit together with the serum proteins of human and camel are
presented. Haemoglobin types of camel and rabbit erythrocytes differed from that of
human. The fact that veterinary literature is sparse on camel; such study is urgently
sought.
16- Hala S. Al-Remawi, Mohammad Gharaibeh, Abdullah G Al-Alimi, Amarin
Z. Glucose -6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in Jordanian female children with acute
hemolytic crises. (2007) Jordan Medical Journal, 41 (4) 214-220
Abstract: Objective: the study objective is to determine the mode of inheritance in
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD)- deficient female children who have a
history of acute hemolytic crises. Also, it aims to study the relationship between the type
of inheritance and the severity of hemolysis, and to determine the factors incriminated in
provoking hemolytic crises on them.
Materials and Methods:
The study included 40 female children with confirmed diagnosis of G6PD deficiency who
were admitted to Princess Rahma Teaching Hospital with acute hemolytic crisis between
June 2002 and April 2005. G6PD enzyme levels were studied in their mothers and in
thirty-seven fathers to determine the mode of inheritance. In addition, 45 unaffected
volunteers were evaluated as a control group.
Results:
The results showed that 65 % were heterozygous females and 35 % were homozygous
for G6PD deficiency. The mean G6PD level for homozygous females was 4.79 ± 2.67
mU/109 RBCs compared to 54.1 ± 23.2 mU/10 9 RBCs in heterozygous females. In 92.5%
of children there was a history of fava beans ingestion before crisis. The mean time for
appearance of symptoms after ingestion of fava beans was 10.57 ± 4.99 hours compared
to 23.77 ± 5.23 hours in heterozygous females, and the duration of hemolytic crises was
higher in homozygous females: 78 ± 12.2 hours compared to 53 ± 10 hours in
heterozygous females. Two breast-feed infants gave history of fava beans ingestion by
their mothers before crisis. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that females with G6PD
activity level of less than 10% are usually homozygous females with rapid onset of
symptoms and longer duration of hemolytic crisis following exposure to triggering
factors, especially uncooked green beans, whose metabolites may be excreted in breast
milk.
17-Khalid Talafih, Abdelrahim A. Hunaiti, Nayef Gharaibeh, Mohammad Gharaibeh, Saied
Jaradat. The prevalence of hemoglobin S and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
deficiency in Jordanian newborn. (1996) J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 1'01. 22, No. 5: 41 7420
ABSTRCT;
The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of HbS and glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in Jordanian newborn.
A total of 181 male and female babies born at Princess Basma Teaching Hospital,
randomly selected, and cord blood samples were collected, and the erythrocyte G6PD
activity was measured, and the hemoglobin electrophoresis for blood lysate was
conducted and scanned for HbS scanning.
The frequencies of two major red cell genetic defects, sickle hemoglobin (HbS) and
deficiency G6PD was determined, of the studied subjects 10 (11%) females and 11 (12%)
males were found to be deficient in the G6PD gene. The frequency of HbS carriers among
the females was 4% while it was 6% among males. The coincidence of both G6PD
deficiency and sickle cell hemoglobin in the samples was 1%. No coincidence was found
between G6PD deficiency and hyperbilirubinemia.
CONCLUSION:
A better understanding of the distributions of these genetic disorders has the potential to
aid in the more efficient utilization of health care resources and improved planning.
Mohammad Y. Gharaibeh
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences-Faculty member
Contact Information
Office:
Phone: (+962)2-7201000 Ext: 23772
Cellular: 0795651765
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences-Associated professor in Biochemistry.
Jordan University of Science and Technology
Irbid 22110,Jordan
Email: [email protected]