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Greening of Refrigerator & Room Air-Conditioner Industry in China Ms. Liu Yuan FECO/MEP Ms. Wang Lei CHEAA 11 September 2009, Manila Contents What happened What impacted What done What contributed What do in future --For greening refrigerator and room air conditioner industry in China CFCs and HCFCs used CFCs and HCFCs have been broadly used as refrigerant and foaming agent in Refrigerator and Room air conditioner products • CFC-11 (foaming agent) and CFC-12 (refrigerant) used in refrigerator sector in China • HCFC-22 (refrigerant) used in Room air conditioner in China What happened Refrigerator and Room air conditioner sector were rapidly developed since 1980’s in China Historic production of refrigerators in China (10k units) The CFCs peak consumption are about 10,000 tones/year during 1995 – 2002, new consumption is zero since 2008 5000 y = 640.56e0.1383x R² = 0.9525 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 What happened Since 1980’s, China refrigerator sector is growing up quickly driven by domestic and international market. Historic production of room air – conditioner (10k units) 8000 y = 696.17x - 577.36 R² = 0.9667 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 What happened 9000 ODS and GHGs With scientific confirmation, while CFCs and HCFCs consumed, the man-made chemicals and human activities are having a significant adverse impact on the ozone layer and the global climate. What impacted A number of commonly used chemicals have been found to be extremely damaging to the ozone layer which including the chemicals used in refrigerator and room air conditioner products. The linkage between Climate change and Ozone layer depleting Some Fgases are ODSs All F-gases are GHGs What impacted Climate change--impact on ozone depleting Schematic diagram HFCs/HCFCs/CFCs What impacted ODP of the F-gases What impacted GWPs of halocarbons commonly reported under the MP refrigerators AC What impacted refrigerators GWPs of halocarbons commonly reported under the UNFCCC AC What impacted AC China: Impact on GEP (history) • LOW (China’s CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion were 79 Mt in 1950, contributing only 1.13% of the world total at that time; cumulative emissions of CO2 from fossil fuel combustion accounted for only 9.33% of the world total during the period of 1950~2002, and the cumulative CO2 emissions per capita are 61.7 tons over the same period, ranking the 92nd in the world.) Ozone layer depleting: • LOW (less than 1% of the total emissions) before 1995; What impacted Climate change: China: Impact on GEP (current) Climate change: large country for total emission (6.1 billion ton CO2e) Ozone layer depleting: the largest country on production and consumption of HCFCs What impacted a largest and fast developing but not developed How to solve the global environmental problems (GEP) • Treaty • Convention • Agreement • Protocol • exchange of notes • declaration What done Nowadays, ozone depletion and climate change have been at the forefront of the international community’s environmental agenda The bases and principles for the cooperation Common but differentiated responsibilities: the respective capabilities of developed and developing countries, as well as the common but differentiated responsibilities of States as set forth in Principle 7 of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development. What done That States have, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the sovereign right to exploit their own resources pursuant to their own environmental and developmental policies, and the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other states or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction. How China working together with the world for solving the GEP (climate change and ozone layer protection) Vienna Convention/Montreal Protocol (1989/1991) UNFCCC/Kyoto Protocol (1993/2002) What done China signed / ratified: Ozone layer protection in China Country Program for Phaseout of Ozone Depleting Substances (CP) which the government approved in January 1993 and updated in November 1999 Copenhagen Amendment (2004) Adjustment MP (2007) What done Vienna Convention/Montreal Protocol (1989/1991) ODS Phaseout approach • Project - Sector Plan – Country Plan Production – consumption – alternatives –policy Completed the first country program in developing country Developed the first sector plan for phaseout ODS • (was recommended in the 10 year assessment report for GEF implementation) Choosing suitable alternatives What done Phaseout activities Phaseout Target & Fund (by 2008) Production phaseout target(ton ODP) Total phaseout target(ton ODP) IC (million USD, including supporting cost) China 111,198 123,328 234,526 782 All Article 5 244,818 176,736 421,555 2,308 Percentage 45% 70% 56% 34% What done Consumption phaseout target (ton ODP) Compliance with MP, Program implemented by UNIDO in China HC technology used for the refrigerator production Energy efficiencies were significantly approved What done Total phaseout 17,300 tons ODP with 115 million USD IC, mainly in refrigerator and foam sector Project Title MP/CPR/94/405 ELIMINATION OF OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF COMPRESSORS FOR HOUSEHOLD REFRIGERATORS AT JIAXIPERA COMPRESSOR COMPANY LTD. CONVERSION OF DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR AND FREEZER FACTORIES TO PHASE OUT CFC-12 AND CFC-11 BY HYDROCARBONS ISOBUTANE AND CYCLO-PENTANE AT HANGZHOU XILING HOLDINGS COMPANY CONVERSION OF DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR AND FREEZER FACTORIES TO PHASE OUT CFC-12 AND CFC-11 AT HANGZHOU XILING HOLDINGS COMPANY WORKSHOP ON DOMESTIC AND COMMERCIAL REFRIGERATOR COMPRESSOR CONVERSION FORMULATION OF INVESTMENT PROJECTS IN THE REFRIGERATION SECTOR WITH PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION AND COMPRESSOR MANUFACTURING CONVERSION OF COMPRESSOR PRODUCTION FOR DOMESTIC REFRIGERATORS FROM CFC-12 TO HYDROCARBON REFRIGERANT AT JIAXIPERA COMPRESSOR FACTORY PHASING OUT ODS AT THE HANGZHOU HUARI REFRIGERATOR COMPANY PHASING OUT ODS AT THE COMPRESSOR FACTORY OF THE HUANGSHI DONGBEI REFRIGERATION COMPANY PHASING OUT ODS AT THE XI'AN YUAN DONG COMPRESSOR COMPANY MP/CPR/95/039 MP/CPR/95/127 MP/CPR/95/141 MP/CPR/96/028 MP/CPR/96/032 MP/CPR/96/042 MP/CPR/96/087 MP/CPR/96/139 MP/CPR/96/184 MP/CPR/96/185 MP/CPR/97/078 MP/CPR/97/090 MP/CPR/97/091 MP/CPR/97/092 MP/CPR/97/183 MP/CPR/97/193 MP/CPR/97/194 MP/CPR/97/195 MP/CPR/97/202 MP/CPR/98/047 MP/CPR/98/108 PHASING OUT ODS AT THE REFRIGERATOR PLANT OF AUCMA ELECTRIC APPLIANCES GROUP COMPANY PHASING OUT ODS AT THE HOUSEHOLD REFRIGERATOR COMPRESSOR FACTORY OF THE GUANGZHOU WANBAO COMPRESSOR GROUP PHASING OUT ODS AT THE REFRIGERATOR PLANT OF HEFEI MEILING COMPANY LTD. PHASING OUT ODS AT THE ZEL TIANJIN COMPRESSOR COMPANY LTD. PHASING OUT ODS AT THE REFRIGERATOR PLANT OF ZEROWATT ELECTRIC APPLIANCES GROUP PHASING OUT ODS AT THE HUALING REFRIGERATOR PLANT PHASING OUT ODS AT THE CHANGSHU REFRIGERATING EQUIPMENT WORKS (BAIXUE), CHANGSHU PHASING OUT ODS AT THE REFRIGERATOR PLANT OF BOLE ELECTRIC APPLIANCES GROUP PHASING OUT ODS AT THE FREEZER PLANT OF XING XING ELECTRIC APPLIANCES INDUSTRIAL COMPANY PHASING OUT ODS AT THE REFRIGERATOR PLANT OF ZHEJIANG RONGSHENG ELECTRIC COMPANY LTD., ZHEJIANG, DEQING COUNTY PHASING OUT ODS AT THE YUHUAN COMPRESSOR FACTORY IN KANMEN TOWN IN YUHUAN COUNTY PHASING OUT ODS AT THE REFRIGERATOR PLANT OF HEFEI HUALING ELECTRONIC COMPANY, LTD. CONVERSION FROM CFC-12 TO ISOBUTANE TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS AT THE COMPRESSOR FACTORY OF HANGLI REFRIGERATION LTD., HANGZHOU Project fund ODS Phaseout 40,294 - 16,012 - 2,790,320 360 40,237 - 55,000 - 1,490,000 96 2,814,027 338 899,030 60 1,593,140 - 2,914,904 708 2,250,000 3 3,203,283 849 962,175 30 2,383,490 423 672,322 280 3,026,819 426 1,467,465 132 3,012,503 348 986,101 178 1,455,969 116 777,720 83 680,207 - What done Project Number Project Number Project Title MP/C PR/98/108 MP/C PR/98/109 MP/C PR/99/166 MP/C PR/99/168 MP/C PR/00/047 MP/C PR/00/049 MP/C PR/00/051 MP/C PR/00/137 MP/C PR/00/154 MP/C PR/00/157 MP/C PR/01/132 MP/C PR/01/216 MP/C PR/02/008 MP/C PR/02/071 MP/C PR/03/001 MP/C PR/03/001 Amendment No.1 MP/C PR/05/003 MP/C PR/04/130 MP/C PR/04/130 TF/C PR/05/005 MP/C PR/07/002 MP/C PR/07/010 MP/C PR/08/011 Refrigeration servicing sector C FC phase-out plan (second tranche) Refrigeration servicing sector C FC phase-out plan (third tranche) Refrigeration servicing sector C FC phase-out plan (fourth tranche) TOTAL Project fund ODS Phaseout 680,207 - 272,647 35 2,014,728 668 2,146,889 199 49,215 - 40,000 - 30,000 - 2,988,840 563 22,035 - 5,338,459 891 2,392,316 212 2,808,338 750 2,450,123 359 70,000 - 4,325,709 849 5,556,539 318 2,190,335 600 113,250 - 550,000 2,843,933 1,647 1,117,550 782 690,100 793 705,550 680 39,396,763 9,347 What done MP/C PR/00/122 C ONVERSION FROM C FC -12 TO ISOBUTANE TEC HNOLOGIES AND PRODUC TS AT THE C OMPRESSOR FAC TORY OF HANGLI REFRIGERATION LTD., HANGZHOU REPLAC EMENT OF C FC -11 WITH HC FC -141B FOAM BLOWING AGENT AND C FC -12 WITH HFC - 134A IN THE MANUFAC TURE OF DOMESTIC REFRIGERATORS/FREEZERS AT THE BEIJING FREEZING EQUIPMENT FAC TORY REPLAC EMENT OF C FC -11 AND C FC -12 WITH C YC LOPENTANE AND ISOBUTANE IN THE PRODUC TION OF REFRIGERATORS AT MOGANSHAN ELEC TRIC APPLIANC ES C OMPANY REPLAC EMENT OF C FC -11 AND C FC -12 WITH C YC LOPENTANE AND ISOBUTANE IN THE PRODUC TION OF REFRIGERATORS AT ZHEJIANG ELEC TRIC AL EQUIPMENT C OMPANY PREPARATION OF INVESTMENT PROJEC T IN THE REFRIGERATION C OMPRESSOR SEC TOR PREPARATION OF INVESTMENT PROJEC T IN THE TRANSPORTATION REFRIGERATION SEC TOR (FOAM C OMPONENT) PREPARATION OF INVESTMENT PROJEC T IN THE DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION (HYDROC ARBONS) SEC TOR REPLAC EMENT OF C FC -11 AND C FC -12 WITH C YC LOPENTANE AND HFC -134A IN THE PRODUC TION OF REFRIGERATORS AT BANSHEN ELEC TRIC APPLIANC ES C O. PREPARATION OF 2 INVESTMENT PROJEC TS IN THE DOMESTIC (HYDROC ARBONS) SEC TOR Replacement of C FC -11 With Hcfc-141b in Manufacturing of Pu Rigid Spray Foam for Insulation At 26 Enterprises REPLAC EMENT OF C FC -11 AND C FC -12 WITH C YC LOPENTANE AND ISOBUTANE IN THE PRODUC TION OF REFRIGERATORS AT LITTLE SWAN ELEC TRIC (JINGZHOU) C O. LTD. PHASE-OUT OF C FC -12 IN THE MANUFAC TURE OF EXTRUDED POLYSTRYR ENE FOAMS TO BUTAN AT 9 ENTERPRISES (UMBRELLA) Phase-out of C FC -12 in the Manufacturing of Extruded Polystyrene Foams through the Use of Butane as a Blowing Agent at 7 Enterprises (Terminal Umbrella Project) PREPARATION OF DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION AND C OMPRESSOR MANUFAC TURING SEC TORAL PHASEOUT PLAN (ADVANC E) TERMINAL UMBRELLA PROJEC T FOR THE ELIMINATION OF C FC -12 IN M ANUFAC TURING OF EPE FOAM PAC KAGING NETS AT 30 ENTERPRISES SEC TOR PLAN C FC FINAL PHASE- OUT: DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION AND DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION C OMPRESSORS SEC TOR PLAN C FC FINAL PHASE- OUT: DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION AND DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION C OMPRESSORS Phasing out ODS at the refrigerator plant of BOLE Electric Appliances Group REINSTATEMENT Refrigeration servicing sector C FC phase-out plan (first tranche) Refrigeration Servicing Sector C FC phase-out Plan CFCs free • about 40 million refrigerators made with HC technologies and energy efficiency • Others made with HFCs and other refrigerants What done The 45.9 million refrigerators converted from CFCs to non-CFCs Global contributions What contributed MP provided dual protection: to Ozone layer and to Climate change MP Overall benefits for 2010 GWP-weighted emissions (GtCO2-eq/yr) 13.3-16.7 Radiative forcing (W/m2) 0.28-0.33 Offsets Net value Ozone depletion HFCs 2.7-3.3 0.9 9.7-12.5 0.06 0.02 0.20-0.25 Kyoto target 2008-2012: ~2 GtCO2-eq/yr What contributed NMP87Baseline At least 45,900 tons CFCs for new refrigerator production have been phased out • 45,900 tons ODP has been phaseout per year • 235 million ton CO2e emission has been avoided per year (account the 40 million refrigerators made with HC theologies only; energy saving has not been included) 5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 y = 640.56e0.1383x R² = 0.9525 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 What contributed ODP and GWP avoided in Chinese refrigerator sector China CFC Free before 2008 What contributed Two years ahead than the MP requirement to phaseout CFCs and Halons 200 180 Baseline Freeze 10% reduction 35% 67.5% servicing 2.5% 100% 160 140 120 2009-2010 2013 2015 2020 2025 2030 2040 Environmental benefits: 67.8% 800,000 21,000,000,000 100 reduction to current MP tons ODP potential CO2 e 80 60 40 20 Old MP before 2007 New MP 2040 2039 2038 2037 2036 2035 2034 2033 2032 2031 2030 2029 2028 2027 2026 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 0 What contributed What are China’s contributions with other developing countries in 2007 during MP parties meeting? Currently , UNIDO is helping China to develop HPMP in RAC sector; • Invite experts to introduce suitable alternatives • Joint data survey • Joint design phaseout strategy What do in future What do in future - RAC sector as an example Dual environmental benefits of ozone layer protection and climate change China will phase out about 70,000 tons HCFC-22 (3,850 tons ODP) in this sector concomitant with reducing 2,100 tons HFC-23 (25 million ton CO2e) per year; What do in future In the future, implementation of adopted HPMP will gain the dual environmental benefits of ozone layer protection and climate change; Potential environmental benefit Assuming HC as alternative, then, •HC, HFCs and others are the potential substitutes; • By 2030, estimation of environmental benefits of phasing out HCFC-22 for RAC sector will be: avoided 409 mtCO2-eq emission directly and 20568×108 kw-hr energy saving which avoided 1810 mtCO2-eq emission. What do in future China is searching alternatives for HCFCs; The joint efforts contribute to green not only the Chinese industry, but also let Chinese industry provide the world green industrial products for the global sustainable development. What do in future As one of the largest sector, the RAC sector has high potential to introduce more green products which would contribute to the environment via zero ODP, low GWP and high energy efficiency. Thank you! 33