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Unit Review – Families of Chemical Compounds
Multiple Choice – Choose the letter of the answer that best completes each
statement
1. One of the physical properties that all acids share is
a. no color
c. sour taste
b. color
d. bitter taste
2. Weak acids do not ionize to a high degree in water, so they produce few
a. electrolytes
c. hydroxide ions
b. hydrogen ions
d. carbonates
3. You should never use taste or touch to identify bases because they can be
a. corrosive
c. sour
b. slippery
d. antacids
4. Which is the most common ion in a base?
a. OHc. H+
+
b. H3O
d. H2O
5. Organic compounds always contain
a. carbon
b. oxygen
c. halogens
d. carboxyl groups
6. Which pH would indicate a very acidic solution?
a. 7
c. 8
b. 2
d. 14
7. The type of bonding found in organic compounds is
a. metallic
c. covalent
b. ionic
d. coordinate
8. A compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen is called a(n)
a. isomer
c. carbohydrate
b. hydrocarbon
d. alcohol
9. The simplest aromatic hydrocarbon is
a. cyclohexane
b. methane
c. benzene
d. phenol
10. The –OH group is characteristic of an
a. organic acid
b. aromatic compound
c. ester
d. alcohol
True or False – If the statement is true, write “true.” If it is false, write “false” and
then change the underlined word or words to make the statement true.
11. Acids are often defined a proton donors.
12. Strong acids are poor electrolytes.
13. Weak bases produce small numbers of ions when dissolved in water.
14. A neutral solution has a pH of 10.
15. In neutralization, an acid reacts with a base.
16. Hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds are said to be unsaturated.
17. The 4-carbon alkane is called butane.
18. An organic acid is characterized by the group –COOH.
19. Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural
formulas are called isotopes.
Concept mapping – complete the following concept map
20. _________________
21. _________________
24. ______________________
22. _________________
25. ______________________
23. _________________
26. ______________________
Concept Mastery – Discuss each of the following in a few sentences
27. Explain why table sugar, which contains 22 hydrogen atoms, is NOT classified
as an acid.
28. In terms of pH, explain why lemons are more acidic that bananas and why lye is
more basic than ammonia.
29. Explain why water is BOTH an ACID and a BASE.
30. Why are carbon compounds SO abundant?
31. Why are structural formulas so important in organic chemistry?
32. In this unit, you learned that the most common ion in compounds called bases is
the hydroxide ion, OH-. Alcohols also contain the OH group. Why are alcohols NOT
bases?
Classifying compounds – Identify each of the following compounds as an acid, base,
or salt
33. CaCO3
34. HI
35. CsOH
36. H3PO4
37. MgSO4
38. Ga(OH)3
Classifying hydrocarbons – Classify each of the following hydrocarbons as an alkane,
alkene, alkyne, or aromatic compound
39. C4H10
40. C3H4
41. C2H4
42. C6H6
43. C13H26
44. C42H82
Classifying substituted hydrocarbons – Classify each of the following compounds as
a(n) ester, alcohol, organic acid, or halogen derivative
45. C2H5COOC3H7
46. C4H9Cl
47. C6H5OH
48. C2H5COOH