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Transcript
Unit 4 Exam Name _____________________________________________Date_________________ Multiple Choice (2 points each) 1. Where does cholesterol originate? a. produced in the liver b. absorbed from food c. produced by the pancreas d. both a and b 2. _______ is when the heart _______ and _______ is when the heart _______. a. Systolic, contracts, diastolic, contracts again b. MAP, contracts, conduction, relaxes c. Conduction, relaxes, systolic, relaxes d. Systolic, contracts, diastolic, relaxes 3. This structure of the heart is responsible for preventing blood from flowing in the wrong direction. a. auricle b. ventricle c. artery d. valve 4. The heart has two pumps. The _____________ circuit pumps blood to the lungs and the ____________ circuit pumps blood to the body. a. pulmonary, aortic b. pulmonary, systemic c. systemic, pulmonary d. primary, secondary 5. The pacemaker of the heart is the____________________. a. sino-atrial node b. right atrium c. ventricular node d. right ventricle 6. What type of molecule is cholesterol? a. polarized b. hydrophillic c. hydrophobic d. neutral 7. A kind of fatty acid found in plant products that contains numerous double bonds between carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon tail. a. saturated fatty acid b. monounsaturated fatty acid c. polyunsaturated fatty acid d. none of the above 8. What happens if cholesterol levels are too low? a. Your body craves high cholesterol foods. b. Your cells make more. c. Fewer HDLs are made. d. Your liver and small intestines make more. 9. Primary and secondary causes for high cholesterol are: a. genetics and the environment b. disease and the environment c. the environment and your diet d. the environment and your fitness level 10. A kind of fatty acid found in meat and other animal products, which has ALL single bonded carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon tail. a. saturated fatty acid b. monounsaturated fatty acid c. polyunsaturated fatty acid d. none of the above 11. A(n) _______________ is an imaging test that uses dye and x-rays to view your body’s blood vessels. a. angioplasty b. angiogram c. MRI d. stent 12. A tiny balloon inserted to keep a passageway open into a blood vessel is called a(n) ________ a. angioplasty b. angiogram c. MRI d. stent 13. The scientific term for a heart attack is __________. a. stroke b. myocardial infarction c. angina d. thrombosis 14. In a coronary bypass one end of the bypass connects into the ____________________ past the obstruction and the other end connects to the ____________________. a. pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein b. aorta, superior vena cava c. coronary artery, aorta d. aorta, coronary artery 15. Metabolic syndrome is marked by the presence of usually three or more of a group of factors that are linked to increased risk of ____________________ and __________________. a. Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Type 1 Diabetes b. Cardiovascular disease and Type 1 Diabetes c. Sickle Cell Anemia and Type 2 Diabetes d. Cardiovascular disease and Type 2 Diabetes 16. Label the parts of heart (1 point each). 17. Fill in the blanks by tracing the blood flow through the human heart (½ point each). The body sends ______________________________ blood to the heart through the _______________________________ & _______________________________. It then travels to the _______________________________, through the _______________________________ and into the _______________________________. The blood is then pumped through the _______________________________ to the _______________________________ and travels to the _______________________________, where it gets oxygenated. Blood travels back to the heart via the _______________________________ and is deposited in the _______________________________. The blood then travels through the _______________________________ and into the _______________________________. Lastly, blood is pumped through the _______________________________, into the _______________________________, and on through the rest of the _______________________________. 18. Fill in the blanks by tracing the conduction pathway in the heart (½ point each). The impulse starts at the _______________________________ (AKA the _______________________________). This triggers the _______________________________ to _______________________________. Next the impulse travels to the _______________________________ (AKA the _______________________________). Here, the impulse is _______________________________ to ensure the _______________________________ empty completely. Lastly, the impulse travels to the _______________________________, which cause the _______________________________ to contract. 19. Label the following on the EKG : T, Q, S, P and R, the P-R interval, the QRS complex and the Q-T interval What is occurring during each peak (2 points each)? T________________________________________________________________________________________ P________________________________________________________________________________________ R________________________________________________________________________________________ Calculate the time for the P-R interval. ______________________________ (2 points). 20. List the 5 major functions of cholesterol in our bodies (1 point each). 1. ________________________________________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________________________________________ 3. ________________________________________________________________________ 4. ________________________________________________________________________ 5. ________________________________________________________________________ 21. Complete the table below on LDLs and HDLs (1 point each) LDL Full Name Size Speed Carries More Myth Reality Risk Optimal Range 22. List the optimal range(s) for the following (1 point each) Heart Rate _____________________ Blood Pressure _____________________ Cholesterol _____________________ HDL 23. Observe the banding pattern on this gel. Diagnose the Familial Hypercholesterolemia (Fh, non Fh, include homozygous or heterozygous where necessary) status for patient 1, 2 and 3 (2 points each). A= DNA Ladder B= Negative Control C= FH homozygous D= patient 1 E= patient 2 F= patient 3 A B C D E F Patient 1 is ___________________________________ Patient 2 is ___________________________________ Patient 3 is ___________________________________ 24. Discuss three diagnostic tools we saw at Owensboro Heart and Vascular. Give the name of the machine/test, explain how it works and what it is best a diagnosing (6 points).
