Download Enzymes

What Are Enzymes?
Enzymes
•
Most enzymes are ____________________ (tertiary and quaternary structures)
•
Act as ________________________________ to accelerates a reaction
•
_________________________________________ changed in the process
Enzymes
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Are specific for what they will ___________________________________
•
Are _____________________________
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End in –________________________
-________________________________
-_______________________________
-_______________________________
How do enzymes Work?
Enzymes work by ______________________________________________ which lowers
______________________________________________________
Enzyme-Substrate Complex
The substance (reactant) an enzyme acts on is the __________________________________
Active Site
•
A ____________________________________________ of an enzyme molecule which
__________ to the substrate.
Induced Fit
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A change in the ___________________________ of an enzyme’s active site
•
______________________________ by the substrate
•
A change in the ________________________________ of an _________________
__________________________ site (H+ and ionic bonds are involved).
•
Induced by the _______________________________
What Affects Enzyme Activity?
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Three factors:
1.
________________________________________________________________
2.
________________________________________________________________
3.
________________________________________________________________
1. Environmental Conditions
1.
Extreme ____________________________ are the most dangerous
- ____________________________may denature (unfold) the enzyme.
2.
_____________(most like 6 - 8 pH near neutral)
3.
__________________________________________ (salt ions)
2. Cofactors and Coenzymes
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Inorganic substances (__________________________) and _______________________
(respectively) are sometimes need for proper enzymatic activity.
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Example:
_____________________ must be present in the quaternary
structure -
_____________________________ in order for it to pick up oxygen.
Two examples of Enzyme Inhibitors
a. Competitive inhibitors: are ________________________________________ an
enzyme’s normal substrate and compete with it for the ____________________.
Inhibitors
b. _________________________________________________________:
Inhibitors that ______________________ the active site, but
__________________________________________ of the enzyme causing the enzyme to
_________________________________________, which in turn
________________________________________________________.