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ED BIO SORBONNE PARIS CITE Proposition de sujet de thèse à l’appui d’une demande de contrat doctoral 2017-2018 Renseignements relatifs à l’Unité de Recherche : Label et intitulé: UMR-S 1134, Inserm/Université Paris Diderot Nom et prénom du Directeur : Dr Yves Colin Téléphone : 01 44 49 30 93 Télécopie : 01 43 06 50 19 courriel : [email protected] Renseignements relatifs à l’Equipe : Nom de l’Equipe d’Accueil : Pathogénèse du paludisme sévère Nom et prénom du responsable : Benoît Gamain Qualité du responsable : DR2 CNRS Téléphone : 01 44 49 31 47 Télécopie : 01 43 06 50 19 courriel : [email protected] Renseignements relatifs au sujet de thèse : Nom et prénom du Directeur de thèse (HDR) : Benoît Gamain Qualité : DR2 CNRS Téléphone : 01 44 49 31 47 Télécopie : 01 43 06 50 19 courriel : [email protected] Titre du sujet proposé : Impact of PfEMP1 phosphorylation on plasmodium falciparum adhesion Impact de la phosphorylation de PfEMP1 sur l’adhérence de plasmodium falciparum Département (cocher le département correspondant au sujet de thèse qui n’est pas obligatoirement le vôtre) : Biologie Cellulaire et moléculaire, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Immunologie Développement Génétique Neurobiologie et Vieillissement Infectiologie, Microbiologie Summary (5 lines maximum) : The most severe forms of malaria are caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The parasite adhesion molecule PfEMP1, encoded by the var gene family, mediates adhesion to various host receptors expressed along blood vessels in different organs. This project will study the impact of phosphorylation on P. falciparum adhesion to different receptors and address the role of specific kinases in these adhesive processes. Proposition de sujet de thèse à l’appui d’une demande de contrat doctoral 2017-2018 (L’ensemble de cette fiche ne doit pas dépasser 1 page) Nom, prénom du directeur de l'unité de recherche : Colin Yves Numéro de l'unité de recherche (et établissement de rattachement) : UMR-S 1134, Inserm/Paris7 Nom, prénom du responsable de l'équipe d'accueil (EAD) : Gamain Benoît Nom, prénom du directeur de thèse : Gamain Benoît Titre du sujet de thèse proposé : Impact of PfEMP1 phosphorylation on plasmodium falciparum adhesion Citer 5 mots clés : Malaria, Adhesion, receptor, plasmodium, endothelium Candidat pressenti : OUI NON Contenu scientifique du programme de la thèse (en anglais) The most severe forms of malaria are caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium falciparum. This virulence is associated with an efficient immune evasion strategy based on antigenic variation of parasite-encoded adhesins responsible for IEs sequestration from blood circulation by binding to endothelial cells surface receptors within microvessels of various tissues. Adhesion is mediated by members of the highly diverse P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family encoded by the var gene family. As a consequence of epigenetics-based allelic exclusion mechanisms, a single var gene is expressed at a given time, and the corresponding PfEMP1 is exported to the IEs surface. Whereas the intracellular acidic terminal segment (ATS) of PfEMP1, also termed VARC, is highly conserved, the extracellular region display an N-terminal segment (NTS) followed by various numbers of highly polymorphic Duffy-binding-like (DBL) and cysteine-rich interdomain region (CIDR) domains. PfEMP1 proteins localize to electron-dense protusions of the IEs membrane, known as “knobs”. It has been shown that PfEMP1 is phosphorylated on its cytoplasmic tail by Human CK2a and that phosphorylation seems to be important for its function. Preliminary experiments revealed that extracellular regions of PfEMP1 are phosphorylated. This project aims to investigate the impact of phosphorylation on P. falciparum adhesion to different receptors. Phosphorylation sites will be identified on native immunoprecipitated P. falciparum PfEMP1. We will study the role of specific kinases in adhesion by reverses genetics approaches. Several KO constructs are already available from the laboratory of Christian Doerig at Monash University (Melbourne, Australia) with whom, we have initiated collaboration. The phenotype of the resulting genome modified parasites will be analyzed using static and flowbased cytoadhesion assays. The role of phosphorylation in adhesion will allow us to further understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in IEs sequestration. Furthermore, the identification of phosphorylated residues as the kinases involved in this process could open new therapeutic avenues such as using specific kinases inhibitors. Indiquez les cinq meilleures publications récentes de l’équipe : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. S. Nunes-Silva et al., Malar J 14, 493 (2015). S. Gangnard et al., Sci Rep 5, 14868 (2015). S. Dechavanne et al., Infect Immun 83, 2466 (2015). S. Nunes-Silva et al., Sci Rep 4, 7373 (2014). A. Srivastava et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107, 4884 (2010).