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ED BIO SORBONNE PARIS CITE
Proposition de sujet de thèse à l’appui d’une demande de contrat doctoral 2017-2018
Renseignements relatifs à l’Unité de Recherche :
Label et intitulé: UMR-S 1134, Inserm/Université Paris Diderot
Nom et prénom du Directeur : Dr Yves Colin
Téléphone : 01 44 49 30 93
Télécopie : 01 43 06 50 19
courriel : [email protected]
Renseignements relatifs à l’Equipe :
Nom de l’Equipe d’Accueil : Pathogénèse du paludisme sévère
Nom et prénom du responsable : Benoît Gamain
Qualité du responsable : DR2 CNRS
Téléphone :
01 44 49 31 47
Télécopie : 01 43 06 50 19
courriel : [email protected]
Renseignements relatifs au sujet de thèse :
Nom et prénom du Directeur de thèse (HDR) : Benoît Gamain
Qualité : DR2 CNRS
Téléphone :
01 44 49 31 47
Télécopie : 01 43 06 50 19
courriel : [email protected]
Titre du sujet proposé :
Impact of PfEMP1 phosphorylation on plasmodium falciparum adhesion
Impact de la phosphorylation de PfEMP1 sur l’adhérence de plasmodium falciparum
Département (cocher le département correspondant au sujet de thèse qui n’est pas obligatoirement le
vôtre) :
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Biologie Cellulaire et moléculaire, Physiologie et Physiopathologie
Immunologie
Développement Génétique Neurobiologie et Vieillissement
Infectiologie, Microbiologie
Summary (5 lines maximum) :
The most severe forms of malaria are caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The parasite
adhesion molecule PfEMP1, encoded by the var gene family, mediates adhesion to various host
receptors expressed along blood vessels in different organs. This project will study the impact of
phosphorylation on P. falciparum adhesion to different receptors and address the role of specific
kinases in these adhesive processes.
Proposition de sujet de thèse à l’appui d’une demande de contrat doctoral 2017-2018
(L’ensemble de cette fiche ne doit pas dépasser 1 page)
Nom, prénom du directeur de l'unité de recherche : Colin Yves
Numéro de l'unité de recherche (et établissement de rattachement) : UMR-S 1134, Inserm/Paris7
Nom, prénom du responsable de l'équipe d'accueil (EAD) : Gamain Benoît
Nom, prénom du directeur de thèse : Gamain Benoît
Titre du sujet de thèse proposé :
Impact of PfEMP1 phosphorylation on plasmodium falciparum adhesion
Citer 5 mots clés : Malaria, Adhesion, receptor, plasmodium, endothelium
Candidat pressenti :
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OUI
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NON
Contenu scientifique du programme de la thèse (en anglais)
The most severe forms of malaria are caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium
falciparum. This virulence is associated with an efficient immune evasion strategy based on
antigenic variation of parasite-encoded adhesins responsible for IEs sequestration from blood
circulation by binding to endothelial cells surface receptors within microvessels of various
tissues. Adhesion is mediated by members of the highly diverse P. falciparum erythrocyte
membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family encoded by the var gene family. As a consequence of
epigenetics-based allelic exclusion mechanisms, a single var gene is expressed at a given time,
and the corresponding PfEMP1 is exported to the IEs surface. Whereas the intracellular acidic
terminal segment (ATS) of PfEMP1, also termed VARC, is highly conserved, the extracellular
region display an N-terminal segment (NTS) followed by various numbers of highly polymorphic
Duffy-binding-like (DBL) and cysteine-rich interdomain region (CIDR) domains. PfEMP1
proteins localize to electron-dense protusions of the IEs membrane, known as “knobs”.
It has been shown that PfEMP1 is phosphorylated on its cytoplasmic tail by Human CK2a and
that phosphorylation seems to be important for its function.
Preliminary experiments revealed that extracellular regions of PfEMP1 are phosphorylated. This
project aims to investigate the impact of phosphorylation on P. falciparum adhesion to different
receptors. Phosphorylation sites will be identified on native immunoprecipitated P. falciparum
PfEMP1. We will study the role of specific kinases in adhesion by reverses genetics
approaches. Several KO constructs are already available from the laboratory of Christian Doerig
at Monash University (Melbourne, Australia) with whom, we have initiated collaboration. The
phenotype of the resulting genome modified parasites will be analyzed using static and flowbased cytoadhesion assays.
The role of phosphorylation in adhesion will allow us to further understand the cellular and
molecular mechanisms involved in IEs sequestration. Furthermore, the identification of
phosphorylated residues as the kinases involved in this process could open new therapeutic
avenues such as using specific kinases inhibitors.
Indiquez les cinq meilleures publications récentes de l’équipe :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
S. Nunes-Silva et al., Malar J 14, 493 (2015).
S. Gangnard et al., Sci Rep 5, 14868 (2015).
S. Dechavanne et al., Infect Immun 83, 2466 (2015).
S. Nunes-Silva et al., Sci Rep 4, 7373 (2014).
A. Srivastava et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107, 4884 (2010).