Download Chapter 7 East Asia under Challenge

Chapter 7
East Asia under Challenge
Mr. Marston
Modern World History
Arcadia High School
Section 1
The Decline of the Qing Dynasty
• Causes of Decline: Significance:
• Pressure from West, and Internal
problems led to Qing Dynasty’s decline
Causes of Decline
• 1. Internal-Corruption, Peasant revolts,
incompetence, & surging population
• External-ships, weapons, and ideas from
West
Opium War
• Significance: War erupted between
Britain and China because of constant
opium shipments to China.
Opium War
• 1. Unfavorable Balance of Trade
• Do not Write (unless you want too)
• Favorable balance of trade is where
imports=Exports
• Unfavorable balance of trade
• Imports (not equal) to exports
Opium field-notice the bulbous
plant
Opium War
• 2.Britain shipped Opium (from India) to
China (starts Opium War 1839-1842)
Opium War
Anglo Chinese War
Map of China during Opium Wars
Opium War
• 3. Treaty of Nanjing
• A. Britain has access to 5 new ports
• B. They get island of Hong Kong
• C. Extra-territoriality
Tai Ping Rebellion
• Significance: there was much Chinese
discontent with Qing dynasty.
Tai Ping Rebellion
• 1. Bloody Civil War that lasted 14 years,
reforms were geared towards Socialist
goals. It resulted in further Western
Intrusion into China.
• 20 million people died during T.P.
Rebellion
Battle of Sanhe
Female prisoners/battle on Yang
Tze river
Map of Tai Ping Rebellion
Efforts at reform
• Significance: Chinese government
adopted Self Strengthening policy
Efforts at Reform
• 1. China was forced to adopt Western
technology while practicing Confucian
principles.
• (do not have to write) below
• (meant to introduce Democracy into
region-resulted in further industrialization:
• Ship Yards, RR’s, weapons factories-no
Change in gov’t structure)
The Advance of Imperialism
• Significance: Western Nations & Japan
set up Spheres of Influence so as to
access exclusive trading rights
• Sphere of Influence-an area in which a
foreign power has been granted exclusive
rights and privileges (i.e. mining privileges,
trading rights)
Spheres of Influence, China 1910
Spheres of Influence
Political Cartoon
• Notice the French and
Russian pulling China
Backwards
Political Cartoon of Western
Influence into China
The Advance of Imperialism
• 1. Mounting Pressures: After Tai Ping
rebellion, Provincial Warlords dealt directly
with foreign nations
The Advance of Imperialism
• 2. Because of their war with Japan, China
was forced to relinquish (give up)
additional territory.
• Taiwan
• Laiodong Pennisula
China’s war with Japan
The Advance of Imperialism
• 3. Internal Crisis-100 Days of Reform
• Under Guang Xu, later cancelled under
Empress Ci Xi
Emp. Guang Xu/Emp. Ci Xi
Opening the Door to China
• Significance: Ensured that the United
States was on equal trading status with
the other W. European nations in China
Opening the Door to China
• 1. Open Door Policy Relaxed & Equalized
fears of Equal Trading in China between
U.S. & W. Europe
The Boxer Rebellion
• Significance: Chinese angered by
foreign control, led to the Boxer
rebellion
The Boxer Rebellion
• 1. Hatred of Chinese foreign missionaries,
(especially converted Christian Chinese
missionaries) led to massive invasion in
1900 @ Beijing-China had to pay an
Indemnity.
• Indemnity-payment for damages
Boxer Rebellion
Boxer Rebellion
Boxer Rebellion
Section 2
Revolution in China
• Fall of the Qing: Significance: Sun Yat
Sen led a successful revolution but not
a stable government.
Sun Yat Sen
Fall of the Qing
• 1. Three stages of reform:
• A) Military takeover
• B) Transitional phase towards a
democracy
• C) Final Stage Constitutional Democracy
Fall of the Qing
• 2. Revolution of 1911-Qing collapsed
• No political or military strength
• General Yuen Shigai
General Yuan Shigai
Fall of the Qing
• 3. Glorious Revolution-no new political or
social reforms. (have a lot to do)
Era of Civil War
• Significance: General Yuan Shigai’s
military leadership was not well
accepted .
Era of Civil War
• 1. Military leadership offended much of
China’s societal groups.
Chinese Society in Transition
• Significance: Westerners infused
China’s economy with much energy,
However the benefits went to western
countries.
Chinese Society in Transition
• 1. West affected the Chinese economy
in 3 ways.
• A) Modern means of Transportation &
communication
• B) Set up an export market
• C) Integrated the Chinese market into the
19th century world economy
China’s Changing Culture
• Significance: Western influence
enormously changed the Urban
Chinese population.
China’s Changing Culture
• 1. Western books, paintings, music, art,
and ideas changed China forever.
• Ba Jin: wrote of disintegration of
Confucian values
• Westernized version
of King Kong using
the visual of a Giant
Panda representing
China.
Section 3: Rise of Modern Japan
• End of Isolation: Significance: Military
pressure from the United States forced
Japan to open ports to the west.
End of Isolation
• 1. Japanese isolation viewed as a threat to
Western trade.
End of Isolation
• 2. Treaty of Kanagawa-opened up
Japanese ports allowing trade with the
west.
Resistance to the New Order
• Significance: Western relations brought
the downfall of the Tokugawa
shogunate.
Resistance to the New Order
• 1. Sat-Cho leaders refused western
admittance to Japan and ended the
Shogun system of rule.
The Meiji Restoration
(May Jee)
• Significance: Modernized Japan
through political, Social, and Economic
reforms
• Meiji means “Enlightened Rule”
The Meiji Restoration
(May Jee)
• 1. Political-Emperor a figurehead
• Real power rested with Prime Minister &
cabinet.
The Meiji Restoration
(May Jee)
• 2. Economic-Daimyo (Local Nobles)
stripped of land-given territorial positions
and Government bonds as compensation
• Peasants forced to pay 3% tax every year.
The Meiji Restoration
(May Jee)
• 3. Economic-Industrialization encouraged
through subsidies.
The Meiji Restoration
(May Jee)
• 4. Social-Military service mandatory (3
years). Upgraded weaponry
• Education based on western model of
schools. Virtues based on Family &
Loyalty
The Meiji Restoration
(May Jee)
• 5. Social- Women extended rights under
Meiji Restoration-given a chance to get an
education. Westernized ideas adopted by
Japanese.
Joining the Imperialist Nations
• Significance: Japan did 2 things at the
start of the 20th century,
• A) strengthened military
• B) started Empire building-Imperialism
Empire Building/Japanese
Imperialism
Joining the Imperialist Nations
• 1. Through a war with China, Japan was
able to gain additional territory (Taiwan,
Liaodong peninsula)
Joining the Imperialist Nations
• 2. Russia was soundly defeated by the
Japanese, and became a force to be
reckoned with.
Russo-Japanese War 1904-05
Russo-Japanese War
Joining the Imperialist Nations
• 3. United States had a suspicious
relationship with Japan, and instituted the
“Gentleman’s Agreement” which limited
East Asian immigration into the United
States.
Culture in an Era of Transition
• Significance: Japan was tremendously
influenced by Westernized culture and
traditions.
Culture in an Era of Transition
• 1. Of all the Western ideas, the novel had
the most impact upon the ideas and
culture of Japan.
• Last Slide
• Compose your thesis statement nowChapter 7