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THE OCEAN
Ocean Zones and the Ocean Floor
Text Book pages # 350 - 356
The Ocean Floor
For many years, nobody knew what was at the
bottom of the ocean’s floor.
Because of the darkness, cold, and extreme
pressure, scientists have had to develop new
technology to enable them to study the deep
ocean floor.
Scientists discovered the best way of mapping
the ocean’s floor was to use Sonar (Sound
Navigation and Ranging)
Sonar – A device that determines the distance
of an object under water by recording echoes
of sound waves.
It creates a picture of the ocean’s floor using the
recorded sound waves.
The Ocean Floor
Scientist now know that the ocean’s floor is not
flat.
Intertidal zone – An area that
stretches from the highest high-tide
line on land out to the point on the
continental shelf exposed by the
lowest low-tide.
Intertidal Zone
Intertidal zones can look
like sandy beaches.
Or rocky shores
Intertidal Zone
Organisms that live
in the rocky
intertidal zone must
be able to tolerate
the pounding waves
and changes in
salinity (saltiness)
and temperature.
The Intertidal Zone is over the
beginning of the
Continental Shelf
Continental Shelf - A gently sloping, shallow
area of the ocean floor that extends outward
from the edge of a continent.
Continental Shelf
Continental Shelf extends in to the
Neritic Zone.
The Continental Shelf is also called the Neritic
Zone. The Neritic Zone is full of life!
Neritic Zone
of the ocean that extends
from the low-tide line out to the edge of the
continental shelf.
The shallow water
over the continental
shelf receives
sunlight and a
steady supply of
nutrients washed
from the land into
the ocean.
The Continental Shelf
The Continental Shelf is home to the coral reef.
Many animals live around coral reefs and this is a
popular place for people to scuba dive.
The Continental Slope
This is where the Neritic Zone ends.
The dropoff or slope at the end of a continental
shelf.
The Abyssal Plain - The smooth,
nearly flat region of the deep ocean
floor.
Abyssal Plain
The Abyssal Plain: Open Ocean
The Abyssal Plain is also known as the
Open Ocean.
The Open Ocean is divided into two levels:
A. The Surface Zone
B. The Deep Zone
Abyssal Plain: The Surface Zone
The only part of the ocean that receives
enough sunlight to support the growth of
algae.
Open Ocean - The Deep Zone
The deep regions of the ocean where sunlight
cannot reach.
Often compared to a desert due to its harsh
conditions.
Few organisms live in this cold, dark, wet
place.
Open Ocean – Mid Ocean Ridge
Longest mountain range in the world in the
middle of ocean floor
Mid-ocean ridges of
the world are connected
and form a single global
mid-oceanic ridge
system that is part
of every ocean.
Deep Zone Life
Deep Zone Life
Organisms often
create their own
light. This is
known as
bioluminescence
Remember!
Intertidal
Neritic
Open Ocean
Shore(high to
low tide)
Continental Shelf
Abyssal Plain
Videos
• http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video
/news/us-ocean-floor-mappingvin?source=relatedvideo
http://www.schooltube.com/video/945c3a7d
2010a9c05ff4/GMA%20%20The%20Great%20Pacific%20Garbage
%20Patch