Download Population Interactions, Part II

Warm-Up (3/1)
The energy contained within a single organism can be
measured in joules (J) using a calorimeter.
Producers, such as grass, typically contain about ten
times more energy per kilogram per square meter
(J/kg/m2) than consumers which each producers.
Describe how energy is transferred from producers to
consumers, and explain how the energy harvested
from the sun in producers is lost as it transfers to
consumers. Hint: think back to uncoupled
exergonic/endergonic reactions. (LO 4.15)
Name
Date
Period
2D.4a: Plants, invertebrates and vertebrates have multiple, nonspecific immune
responses.
Illustrative example: Plant defenses against pathogens include molecular
recognition systems with systemic responses; infection triggers chemical
responses that destroy infected and adjacent cells, thus localizing the effects.
4A.5a: The structure of a community is measured and described in terms of
species composition and species diversity.
4B.3a: Interactions between populations affect the distributions and abundance of
populations.
4B.3a.1: Competition, parasitism, predation, mutualism and commensalism
can affect population dynamics.
4B.3a.2: Relationships among interacting populations can be characterized by
positive and negative effects, and can be modeled mathematically
(predator/prey, epidemiological models, invasive species).
4B.3a.3: Many complex symbiotic relationships exist in an ecosystem, and
feedback control systems play a role in the functioning of these ecosystems.
4B.3b: A population of organisms has properties that are different from those of the
individuals that make up the population. The cooperation and competition between
individuals contributes to these different properties.
4A.6c: Organisms within food webs and food chains interact.
4A.6d: Food webs and food chains are dependent on primary productivity.
Population Interactions, Part II
The characteristics of a population
are the sum total of all individual
interactions within the population.
Sacrifices herself
to protect young
prefers to eat
small game
small and fast
compete with
each other for
moose
Population Interactions, Part II
The characteristics of a population
are the sum total of all individual
interactions within the population.
Population Interactions, Part II
The characteristics of a population
are the sum total of all individual
interactions within the population.
Interactions of populations
often involve multiple levels
and can be negative or
positive.
Population Interactions, Part II
The characteristics of a population
are the sum total of all individual
interactions within the population.
Interactions of populations
often involve multiple levels
and can be negative or
positive.
PRODUCER
All ecosystems
depend on primary
productivity – how
much energy the
producers can
generate.
PRODUCER
Population Interactions, Part II
A community is the sum of all interactions of all
populations of an ecosystem.
Interactions of populations
often involve multiple levels
and can be negative or
positive.
PRODUCER
All ecosystems
depend on primary
productivity – how
much energy the
producers can
generate.
PRODUCER
Critical Thinking Question #1
Based on the description of the native bullfrog and nonnative tree fungus populations in Monday’s CTQ’s, explain
which kind of data would need to be further collected to
prove that the bullfrog and the tree fungus have a
commensalistic relationship. (LO 4.11) (LO 4.19)
2D.4a: Plants, invertebrates and vertebrates have multiple, nonspecific immune
responses.
Illustrative example: Plant defenses against pathogens include molecular
recognition systems with systemic responses; infection triggers chemical
responses that destroy infected and adjacent cells, thus localizing the effects.
4A.5a: The structure of a community is measured and described in terms of
species composition and species diversity.
4B.3a: Interactions between populations affect the distributions and abundance of
populations.
4B.3a.1: Competition, parasitism, predation, mutualism and commensalism
can affect population dynamics.
4B.3a.2: Relationships among interacting populations can be characterized by
positive and negative effects, and can be modeled mathematically
(predator/prey, epidemiological models, invasive species).
4B.3a.3: Many complex symbiotic relationships exist in an ecosystem, and
feedback control systems play a role in the functioning of these ecosystems.
4B.3b: A population of organisms has properties that are different from those of the
individuals that make up the population. The cooperation and competition between
individuals contributes to these different properties.
4A.6c: Organisms within food webs and food chains interact.
4A.6d: Food webs and food chains are dependent on primary productivity.
Population Interactions, Part II
“Die, bacteria with
foreign antigens,
die!”
Specific Immune Response
nucleus
poison
genes
antibody
receptor
Death
proteins
released
Population Interactions, Part II
Nonspecific immune defense: kill anything foreign,
no antigen needed.
Population Interactions, Part II
Nonspecific immune defense: kill anything foreign,
no antigen needed.
Plants use chemicals to ward off predators.
That’s the smell of hard
work and dedication.
Population Interactions, Part II
Nonspecific immune defense: kill anything foreign,
no antigen needed.
Plants use chemicals to ward off predators.
Plant cells perform apoptosis
when infected by pathogens.
Infection site
Critical Thinking Question #2
Create a representation illustrating the
differences between nonspecific and specific
immune responses, and indicate the
receptor (or lack thereof) in each response.
(LO 2.29) (LO 3.30) (LO 2.43)
Closure
On the piece of white paper from the
back, answer the following question:
Explain the difference between
a predation relationship and a
parasitic relationship.
Name
Date
Period
Scale
1 – 10